浅谈2013年太阳能热应用产业的开展.doc

/ / / /浅谈2013年太阳能热应用产业的开展Introduction to solar thermal application industry development in 2013 中国太阳能热水器的年消费量是欧洲的2倍，北美的4倍，现已成为世界上最大的太阳能热水器消费国和最大的太阳能热水器市场，并仍在以每年20-30的速度递增。但是中国太阳能热水器的消费企业有5000多家，除皇明、清华阳光、华扬、太阳雨、力诺瑞特等10个全国性品牌因质量、售后效劳过硬而市场知名度较高外，行业中存在着大量纷繁杂乱的杂牌企业，这种情况不利于行业的久远开展，这就请求政府部门停止标准，增强监管引导。虽然市场现状不如人意，但市场前景仍看好。随着国民经济和人民生死水平的不时进步，居民对家庭室内热水的需求越来越激烈，中国太阳能热水器市场潜力宏大，Chinese solar water heaters annual consumption is Europes 2 times, four times that of North America, has become the worlds largest consumer and the largest of the solar water heater solar water heater market, and is still in the growth rate is 20% - 20% per year. But Chinas consumption of solar water heater enterprises more than 5000, himin, tsinghua sunshine, Yang hua, sunrain, linuo rhett special 10 national brands for quality and superior after-sale service and high market visibility, there are a large number of complex clutter less known and inferior brand enterprises in the industry, this kind of situation against industry for very long time, it requests the government to stop standard, strengthen the regulatory guidance. Although the market present situation is bad, but the market outlook is still positive. As from time to time, progress of national economy and peoples life level, people to family indoor hot water demand more and more intense, Chinas solar water heater market potential is great, 太阳能热水器的优点是平安、节能、环保、经济，特别是带辅助电加热功用的太阳能热水器，它以太阳能为主、电能为辅的能源应用方式，可全年全天候运用。缺陷是装置复杂，装置不当会影响住房的外观、质量及城市的市容市貌；因要装置在室外，维护较费事。Solar water heater has the advantage of safe, energy-saving, environmental protection, economy, especially the solar energy water heater with auxiliary electric heating function, it is given priority to with solar energy, electricity is complementary energy applications, can be used all the year round. Defect is complex, improper installation will affect the appearance of the housing, quality and urban districts; Due to device in outdoor, maintenance is more trouble. 电热水器的优点是能顺应任何天气变化，普通家庭可直接装置运用，长时间通电能够大流量供热水；运用时不产生废气，所以从这一点上讲是既平安又卫生，目前市场上销售的电热水器多数还带有防触电安装。缺陷是体积大、占用室内空间大、易结水垢、对电能糜费大，最新型的电热水器内置了阳极镁棒除垢安装，处理了产品容易结垢的问题，但阳极镁棒须两年改换一次，给颐养带来了费事。Electric water heater has the advantage that can adapt to any weather, average household can be directly applied device, electricity to large flow heat water for a long time; Use does not produce waste gas, so from this point is both safe and health, and sales of electric water heater on the market at present most is installed with electric shock prevention. Defect is big volume, occupy indoor space is large, easy to form scum, the electric energy waste is big, the latest model of electric water heater with built-in magnesium anode rod descaling installation, handling the product easy to fouling problem, but the magnesium anode rod should be change in two years time, brought trouble to live. 我们国度追溯历史在1958年，天津大学有12.6平米的太阳能浴室。到1973年世界能源危机，寻求可再生能源，我国在上世纪70年代末起，加大研发与消费太阳能集热器。1979年前后我国有些单位迎头研发全玻璃真空管集热器。清华大学运用电真空物理的背景，坚持了下来。构造就是一个拉长的暖棚，只不过在内玻璃管上有一层选择性吸收涂层。Our country its history dates back in 1958, tianjin university has 12.6 square metres of solar energy in the bathroom. To the world energy crisis of 1973, for renewable energy, in the late 1970 s in our country, increase research and development and consumption solar collector. Some units in r&d in China before and after 1979 all-glass vacuum tube collector. Using electric vacuum physics background, tsinghua university, insist on down. Structure is a stretch of greenhouses, only, a selective absorption coating layer on the glass tube. 清华大学的创造专利就是铝氮/铝太阳选择性吸收涂层，在世界上创始用单个铝阴极经过磁控溅射制备红外低发射率低层、铝氮化铝吸收太阳光的陶瓷薄膜和淡化铝减反膜三个局部。运用真空管的集热器可在严寒、低太阳辐射下应用，很合适多种气候。这是一个选择性吸收涂层的构造，吸收层每层只要10到30个纳米，低发射层是到150纳米。The creation of the tsinghua university patent is aluminum - nitrogen/solar selective absorption coating, founding in the world with a single aluminum produced by magnetron sputtering cathode infrared emissivity of low-rise, aluminum - aluminum nitride ceramic membrane absorb sunlight and fade out three local aluminum decreased membrane. Use vacuum tube collector can be applied under cold and low solar radiation, is suitable for a variety of climate. It is a selective absorption coating structure, absorption layer on each floor as long as 10 to 30 nm, low emission layer is to 150 nm. 太阳能热应用产业的开展。在打破了太阳选择性吸收涂层的中心技术，经过产学研分离，消费性能价钱比拟好的介质。Solar thermal application development of the industry. In the center of the broken solar selective absorption coating technology, through the production, separation, consumer price compare with good dielectric performance. 2001年到2006年太阳能热应用产业快速开展。2006年销售额近300亿元，提供就业时机60多万个。中国太阳热水器2005年装置量为世界的77%。真空管型约占世界总产量的90%以上泰安太阳能，硼硅玻璃3.3年产量约占世界70%，吸气剂约占世界95%以上，年约1.9亿支真空集热管用，年约0.9亿支显像管用。大量显像管都在中国消费，吸气剂也在中国消费。这三个方面我们曾经走在前面。构成配套的产业链。3.3的玻璃30万吨其中用于真空管有28万吨。真空管镀膜消费线1000条及配套设备，消费才能为2亿支，装配约2000万平方米太阳能热水器，还有配套设备HDPE土工膜。一些主干企业做了技术改造，进步了企业的配备程度和条件。From 2001 to 2006, industry fast in solar thermal applications. Sales of nearly 30 billion yuan in 2006, provide employment opportunity more than 60. China solar water heater device in 2005 amount to 77% of the world. Vacuum tube type accounted for more than 90% of the total world output, borosilicate glass 3.3 annual output accounts for about 70% of the world, above the getter accounted for about 95% of the world, in the years around 190 million glass vacuum heat-collecting tube, tube to use about 090 million. Many tube is all consumption in China, the getter and consumption in China. We used to walk in front of the three aspects. Constitute a form a complete set of industrial chain. 3.3 the glass which used for vacuum tube 280000 tons 300000 tons. Vacuum coating consumption line 1000 and corollary equipment, consumption to 200 million cigarettes, assembly of about 20 million square meters of solar water heater, and form a complete set of equipment. Some backbone enterprises made technical innovation, advances the enterprise equipped with level and condition. 在全球能源形势慌张、气候变暖严重要挟经济开展和人们生活安康的今天，世界各国都在寻求新的能源替代战略，以求得可持续开展和在日后的开展中获取优势位置。太阳能以其清洁、源源不时、平安等显著优势，成为关注重点。在太阳能产业的开展中，太阳能热水器的热应用转换技术无疑是最为成熟的，其产业化进程也较光伏电池、太阳能发电等产业抢先一步道轨配件。但是目前市场还有待标准，消费群体还有待培育，技术还有尚须改良，因此关于企业来说还有较大的生长空间。Panic in the global energy situation, climate warming, seriously threatening the economic development and peoples l