【创新设计】（山东专用）高考英语一轮复习 高频语法训练 附录8 定语从句和名词性从句.doc

八、定语从句和名词性从句1the reason _ she explained to us for her absence from the party sounded reasonable.awhy bthat cwhat dbecause答案b句意：她向我们解释的未能参加聚会的原因听起来有道理。先行词是the reason，定语从句中explained缺宾语，故用that引导。why在定语从句中作原因状语；what，because不引导定语从句。2i refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.awho bthat cas dwhat答案b句意：我拒绝接受由于别人的过错而导致的对我的责备。所选项引导定语从句并在从句中作主语；先行词是指物的不定代词something，故关系代词用that。who的先行词为指人的名词或代词；as引导限制性定语从句时，前面一般有the same，such等；what不能引导定语从句。3the single most important factor _ contributes to success is what you do every single day.awhat bwhich c/ dthat答案d句意：促使成功的唯一最重要的因素就是你每一天所做的事情。定语从句缺少指事物的主语，且先行词前有最高级修饰，故用that不用which；that在从句中作主语，不能省略。what不能引导定语从句。4she was educated at beijing university，_ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.aafter that bfrom thatcfrom which dafter which答案d句意为“她从北大毕业之后去了国外进修”。after which中which指代整个句子。5he was educated at a local grammar school，_ he went on to cambridge.afrom which bafter thatcafter which dfrom this答案c从句子的逻辑关系来分析，他在当地的语法学校接受教育，而此后就去了剑桥大学。6the journey around the world took the old sailor nine months，_ the sailing time was 226 days.aof which bduring whichcfrom which dfor which答案awhich指代先行词nine months,226天是属于9个月的，表示所属关系用介词of。7if you are feeling very tired and sick of fat food，that is _ you are supposed to go to the hospital for a medical examination.awhy bwhen cwhich dwho答案b考查表语从句。句意：当你感到疲劳而且闻到油腻的食物会恶心，这个时候你最好去医院做个检查。从句中不缺少主、宾、表语，故可以排除c、d两项；why表示原因；when表示时间，根据语境判断表示时间。8hi，peter.you seem to have gained a lot of weight.well，good food，not enough exercise，thats _ i got fat.ahow bwhen cwhat dwhether答案a考查表语从句。句意：“彼得，你好像是胖了很多。”“是啊，吃的不错，却没有足够的锻炼。我就是这样变胖的。”从句中不缺主、宾、表语。选择连接副词。how符合语境。9as is recorded in history，silkworms were first raised by a woman in _ is todays hebei province.ahere bthe placecwhich dwhat答案d考查宾语从句。句意：据历史记载，最早养蚕的人在今天的河北省。what引导介词in的宾语从句，在从句中作主语，相当于the place that。从句中缺少主语，选择连接代词，which在宾语从句中作定语。10having checked the doors were closed，and _ all the lights were off，the boy opened the door to his bedroom.awhy bthat cwhen dwhere答案b本题考查宾语从句的引导词，根据and可判断all the lights were off，仍然是check的宾语从句，再根据句意只有that符合。11in my opinion，life in the twentyfirst century is much easier than _.athat used to be bit is used tocit was used to dit used to be答案d本题考查used to do结构。首先根据句意和结构b、c是不正确的，a、d的区别在于主语用that还是it，that只能在定语从句中作主语，而than后应跟一个完整的句子。12you can only be sure of _ you have at present；you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future.athat；what bwhat；/cwhich；that d/；that答案b本题考查定语从句和名词性从句。of后应跟宾语从句，又因引导词在从句中做have的宾语，所以引导词用what，根据这一点答案只能是b。something后跟定语从句，引导词做get的宾语，所以引导词可用that、which或不用任何引导词。13we really love indian food and such occasions are very rare _ we have so many foods available at such low prices.awhich bwhen cwhy dwho答案b句意：我们十分喜爱印度食品，并且我们能够以如此低的价格购得这么多食物的场合非常罕见。空格所填词引导定语从句修饰先行词occasions，并在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。which和who在句中作主语、宾语和表语。why在句中作原因状语。14i saw a woman running towards me in the dark.before i could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction _ she had come.aof which bby whichcin which dfrom which答案d句意：我看到一个女人从黑暗中向我跑来，我还没能认出她，她又向来时的方向跑走了。句中先行词为direction，在定语从句中come为不及物动词。“从哪个方向跑来”应当为come from the direction，所以此处为from which。15those roses were the first of the many bunches _ accompanied all the milestones in my life.awhich bthat cwhat dit答案bthat引导定语从句，先行词由序数词first修饰时只能用that而不用which。16it was a matter of _ would take the position.awho bwhoever cwhom dwhomever答案a句意：问题是谁来取代这个位置。所选项引导介词of的宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，且表示“谁”，故用who。whoever“无论谁”；whom，whomever只能作宾语。17these shoes look very good.i wonder _.ahow much cost they arebhow much do they costchow much they costdhow much are they cost答案c句意：这些鞋子看起来很好，我想知道它们值多少钱。wonder后接宾语从句，宾语从句中要用陈述句语序，故选c。18my dad explained to me what a hug was and told me _ people hugged in america.awhy bwhat cwhich dwho答案a句意：我爸爸和我解释什么是拥抱，并且告诉我在美国人们为什么拥抱。所选项引导宾语从句，并在从句中作状语，表示原因，故用why。what，which，who在名词性从句中作主语、宾语等。19bears often hide themselves in places _ cant be found by hunters.ain which bwherecthat dwhat答案c句意：熊经常将自己藏在猎人找不到的地方。所选项引导定语从句，修饰先行词places，并在从句中作主语，故用that。in which，where均在从句中作地点状语；what不能引导定语从句。20the girl in plain clothes，_ was wonderfully calm in face of danger，was just sixteen years old.awhen bwhich cwhat dwho答案d句意：那个穿着朴素的女孩面对危险时非常镇定，她只有16岁。所选项引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the girl，并在从句中作主语，故用who。when在定语从句中作时间状语；which引导定语从句时，先行词常指物；what不能引导定语从句。21let the bullets fly is the very film _ ive long wished to see.awhich bthat cwho dwhom答案b句意：让子弹飞正是我很长时间以来都想看的那部电影。定语从句中动词see缺少宾语，先行词film被the very所修饰，故关系代词用that。22culture refers to a group or community _ we share common experiences that shape the way we understand the world.awith which bthatcwhich dwhat答案awhich指代先行词group or community，在从句中作share with的宾语。23the schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are being trained.ain that bfor thatcin which dfor which答案d从句子的意思来看，是孩子们为了工作而参加的训练。24its no longer a question now _ man can land on the moon.athat bwhich cwhether dwhat答案a考查主语从句。25the playground near my home is full of people except _ it rains.athat bfor c/ dwhen答案d介词except后跟when引导的宾语从句。26tomorrow is toms birthday.have you got any idea _ the party is to be held?awhat bwhich cthat dwhere答案dwhere引导同位语从句，解释说明idea的内容。27i drove to shenzhen for the 26th universide in august.is that _ you had a few days off?awhy bwhat cwhen dwhere答案a考查表语从句。句意：我八月份驾车去深圳看第26届深圳大运会。那就是你为什么离开几天的原因吗？根据句意答案为a项。28the story goes _ some time ago a man punished his threeyearold daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping paper.awhich bthat cwhat dwhen答案b考查同位语从句。句意：故事是这样的：一位父亲惩罚了三岁的女儿，只因为她浪费了一卷金色的包装纸。that引导同位语从句解释说明前边名词story的具体内容。29the officer said，“_ our hope that through more understanding of confucius we can make the world filled with more love，justice and peace.”athat is bthere iscthis is dit is答案d考查主语从句。句意：那位官员说：“我们愿通过对孔子的更多了解，让世界充满仁爱、正义与和平。”it充当形式主语指代后面的从句。30some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old _ they swam in it.awhen bthat cwho dwhere答案a先行词the days和从句分开使问题难度增大了，引导词在从句中作时间状语，所以选a项。31the reason _ he didnt have breakfast this morning was that he got up too late.aon which bwhycin which dfor that答案b定语从句中的主谓宾成分齐全，而先行词reason后用why引导从句，在从句中作状语，表示“的原因是”。32i shall never forget those years _ i lived in the country with the farmers，_ has a great effect on my life.athat；which bwhen；whichcwhich；that dwhen；who答案b第一个定语从句的先行词those years是表示时间概念的名词，其后要用when引导定语从句，when在从句中作时间状语；第二个定语从句是非限制性定语从句，要用which引导，which指代整个句子，在从句中作主语。33say less about yourself，and more about _ your teammates have done.i will.awhich bwhy cthat dwhat答案d句意：少说些关于你自己的事情，多说些队友们做的事情。我会的。所选项引导about的宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语，故用what引导。which表示“哪一个/些”；why在从句中作原因状语；that在从句中不作成分，也没有意义。34the reason why he has been such a success is _ he never gives up.awhat bthat cbecause dwhy答案b句意：他如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。句子的主语是the reason，表语从句需用that引导，that在从句中不作成分。35life is like a cup，and it is up to you to decide _ it is a drinking cup or a toothbrush cup.ahow bwhy cthat dwhether答案d句意：生活就像一个杯子，是饮水杯还是刷牙的杯子由你来决定。所选项引导宾语从句，在从句中不作任何成分，但表示“是否”之意，故用whether。how在名词性从句中作方式状语；why在名词性从句中作原因状语；that在名词性从句中不作任何成分，也无任何意义。36that unforgettable ball was the last happy moment _ i enjoyed myself.awhen bthat cwhich dwhere答案a因为i enjoyed myself中不缺少名词性成分，所以不用that或which，此处用when在从句中作状语。37_ is often the case，we have worked out the production plan.awhich bwhen cwhat das答案das指代后面整个句子，在从句中充当主语，但因为在句首，所以不能用which，并且as还有“正如”的意思。38now there is just one point _ i wish you to make quite clear.awhere bwhich cwhat dwhen答案b句意：现在只有一点我希望你能非常清楚。所选项引导定语从句修饰先行词point，并在从句中作make的宾语，故用which。where在从句中作地点状语；what不能引导定语从句；when在从句中作时间状语。39dont quarrel with your friend，_ will damage your friendship.awho bwhich cthat dwhat答案b句意：不要和你的朋友吵架，这会破坏你们的友谊。所选项引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整句话，并在从句中作主语，故用which。who常指人；that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句。40_ is often the case with the old，my grandmother is fond of talking about good old days.awhen bas cthat dwhich答案b句意：正如老年人常有的情形，我祖母喜欢谈论那些美好的旧时光。as“正如”，引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是后面的整个句子。when在从句中作时间状语；that不能引导非限制性定语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句时，只能置于主句之后。41after hours drive，they reached _ they thought was the place theyd been dreaming of.athat bwhere cwhat dwhich答案c考查宾语从句。句意：几小时的车程后，他们到达了他们一直梦想的地方。they thought为插入语，宾语从句中缺少主语，故排除a、b两项；which放到句中，语义不通。42would you please explain to me about the difference between the two words?im sorry，but thats _ im puzzled about.awhy bwhat cwhich dwhere答案b考查表语从句。句意：你能解释一下这两个词的不同吗？对不起，这也正是困扰我的问题。表语从句中缺少宾语，故排除a、d两项；which意为“哪一个”不合语境。43_ i cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind.awhat；why bwhich；howcthat；why dwhat；because答案a第一空格填what，它引导主语从句并在从句中充当understand的宾语；第二空格填why，引导一个表语从句，表示“她为什么要改变主意”。44america is _ was first called “india” by columbus.awhat bwherecthe place dthere where答案awhat引导一个表语从句，并作从句的主语。b、d两项不能在从句中作主语，故不可选。c项后无关系代词that，填入后定语从句亦不能成立。45i got an email from susan，_ said she was going abroad for sightseeing.fantastic！thats what she has been dreaming of.awhich bshe cwho dit答案a句意：我收到了苏珊的一封电子邮件，邮件上说她将出国观光。考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。此处which代替an email，which作主