英语学习5405541100.doc

F/（五）船舶结构完整性/Structural Integrity153影响检查官决定是否有必要对水上船舶的构造进行全面检查的依据是什么？153What should influence the PSCOs decision as to whether it is necessary to make the fullest possible examination of the structure with the ship afloat?船壳保养和甲板概况，包括舷梯、护栏、管路遮盖和锈蚀或凹陷部位，将影响检查官决定是否有必要对水上船舶的构造进行全面检查。The PSCOs impression of hull maintenance and the general state on deck, the condition of such items as ladder ways, guard-rails, pipe coverings and areas of corrosion or pitting should influence the PSCOs decision as to whether it is necessary to make the fullest possible examination of the structure with the ship afloat.154什么样的结构缺陷会造成船舶滞留？154What structure deficiencies may justify detention?重要部位的损坏或锈蚀，或影响船舶适航性或承受局部负荷的甲板和船体及有关加强部件的凹陷，均会造成船舶滞留。Significant areas of damage or corrosion, or pitting of plating and associated stiffening in decks and hull affecting seaworthiness or strength to take local loads, may justify detention.155检查官在做出滞留决定时会考虑些什么？155In reaching a detention decision, what can the PSCO have regard to?检查官在做出滞留决定时，会考虑船舶的适航性，而不是船舶的船龄，并考虑可允许的正常磨损和撕裂的最小量度。不影响船舶适航性的损坏不会作为判断是否滞留的依据，那些已经过临时且有效的修理后将航行到另一港口进行永久性修理的损坏情况，也不会成为滞留的依据。但在对损坏的影响进行评估时，检查官会考虑到船上人员的居住处所的位置及损坏是否会对船员居住处所的可居住性造成实质性的影响。In reaching a decision, the PSCO can have regard to the seaworthiness and not the age of the ship, making an allowance for fair wear and tear over the minimum acceptable scantlings. Damage not affecting seaworthiness will not constitute grounds for judging that a ship should be detained, nor will damage that has been temporarily but effectively repaired for a voyage to a port for permanent repairs. However, in this assessment of the effect of damage, the PSCO can have regard to the location of crew accommodation and whether the damage substantially affects its habitability.156检查官对散货船和油船结构安全的评估会基于什么文件？156Which file can the PSCOs assessment of the safety of the structure of bulk carriers and oil tanker be based on?检查官对散货船和油船结构安全的评估会基于船上携带的检验报告文件，因为检验报告文件应包括构造检验报告、状况评估报告（译成英文并由主管机关背书）、厚度测量报告和一份检验计划文件。The PSCOs assessment of the safety of the structure of bulk carriers and oil tanker can be based on the Survey Report File carried on board，because this file should contain reports of structural surveys, condition evaluation reports (translated into English and endorsed by the Administration), thickness measurement reports and a survey planning document.157如果根据检验报告文件需要对船舶的结构进行更详细检查，或船上不具备该报告文件，如果需要，检查官会特别注意船舶的哪些结构？157Which structure of special attention , as appropriate, can be given by the PSCO if the Survey Report File necessitates a more detailed inspection of the structure of the ship or if no such report is carried?如果根据检验报告文件需要对船舶的结构进行更详细检查，或船上不具备该报告文件，如果需要，检查官会特别注意该船的船体结构、货油舱或货舱的管系、泵房、隔离舱、管路通道、货物区域内的空位和压载舱。If the Survey Report File necessitates a more detailed inspection of the structure of the ship or if no such report is carried, special attention can be given by the PSCO, as appropriate, to hull structure, piping systems in way of cargo tanks or holds, pump-rooms, cofferdams, pipe tunnels, void spaces within the cargo area, and ballast tanks.158对于散货船的结构，检查官会检查些什么？158For the structure of bulk carriers, what can PSCOs inspect?对于散货船结构，检查官会检查货舱的主要结构是否存在明显的未经批准的修理。For the structure of bulk carriers, PSCOs can inspect holds main structure for any obviously unauthorized repairs.159当检查官认为没有必要对船体进行检查时，但如果根据在甲板上观察发现某些项目，如舱口关闭装置故障、空气管和通风筒围板锈蚀，检查官会仔细查验哪些结构？159What structure can the PSCO examine closely when the PSCO has concluded that a hull inspection is unnecessary, but if dissatisfied on the basis of observations on deck, with items such as defective hatch closing arrangements, corroded air pipes and vent coamings?当检查官认为没有必要对船体进行检查时，但如果根据在甲板上观察发现某些项目，如舱口关闭装置故障、空气管和通风筒围板锈蚀，检查官会仔细查验载重线勘定的条件，并特别注意关舱装置、甲板排水设施和与船员保护有关的布置。When the PSCO has concluded that a hull inspection is unnecessary but, if dissatisfied on the basis of observations on deck, with items such as defective hatch closing arrangements, corroded air pipes and vent coamings, the PSCO ca