人教版新九年级英语Unit1讲解与练习.doc

Unit1 How can we become good learners?Section A自主预习1. ask-for help原文重现：_仿写句子：_2. listen to 原文重现：_仿写句子：_3. study for a test原文重现：_仿写句子：_4. practice-with 原文重现：_仿写句子：_5. read aloud原文重现：_仿写句子：_6. improve 原文重现：_仿写句子：_7. learn a lot 原文重现：_仿写句子：_8. give a report原文重现：_仿写句子：_9. word by word原文重现：_仿写句子：_10. be afraid to原文重现：_仿写句子：_11. fall in love with 原文重现：_仿写句子：_词汇学习：1.quickly adv.快地;敏捷地如：Get up and dress yourself quickly.快点起来把衣服穿好。We add the suffix “ly” to make the adjective “quick” into the adverb “quickly”. （我们在形容词“quick”后加后缀“ly”构成副词“quickly”。）相关单词：quick adj.迅速的, 快的, 机敏的如：He gave a quick answer to the teachers question.他对老师的提问做出了迅速的回答。【拓展】形容词+ly构成相应的副词, 例如：slowslowly, easyeasily2.aloud adv.出声地, 大声地(强调提高声音以便别人能够听到)aloud, loud与loudly:三个词都与“大声”“响亮”有关，区别在于：（1）aloud是副词,表示出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,常用于读书或说话，通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。如：He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。（2）loud可作形容词或副词。作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如： She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。（3）loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。 如：He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。3.pronounce vt.发音pronunciation n.发音, 读音I dont know how to pronounce this word.我不知道这个单词怎么发音。You should look up the right pronunciation of this word in the dictionary.你应该查字典找出这个单词的正确读音。4.afraid adj. 害怕的（1）be afraid of sb./sth.害怕be afraid of doing sth./be afraid to do sth.害怕去做-, 不敢去做-？前者前者强调结果，后者指要去做的事，两者有时可以通用。如：Are you afraid of spiders?你怕蜘蛛吗？I started to feel afraid of going out alone at night.我开始害怕在夜间单独外出。She was afraid to open the door.她不敢开门。（2）be afraidthat引导的宾语从句。害怕, 恐怕-Im afraid we cant come.恐怕我们不能来。5. patient adj.有耐心的, 忍耐的 n. 病人如：Please be patient, your flight will arrive.请耐心点，你的航班会到的。You are the doctors patient now.你现在是医生的病人。【拓展】be patient with sb.对某人有耐心如：Mr Han is so patient with his students.韩老师对学生很有耐心。6.secret n. 秘密 Its a secret of learning English well. 它是学好英语的秘诀。其用法主要有：keep a secret 保守秘密 Its a secret between us, please keep it. 这是我们之间的秘密，请保守秘密。7.fall in love with 爱上.如：When I saw her for the first time, I fell in love with her.第一次见到她，我就爱上了她。8. (1)look up in a dictionary 查字典如：If you dont know the meaning of a word, you can look it up in a dictionary.如果你不知道这个单词的意思, 你可以查字典。(2)look up 向上看如：Beethoven looked up to the sky and began to play the piece of music.贝多芬抬头看了看天空, 开始弹奏那首乐曲。9.word by word 逐个词地 如：Dont read word by word, read word groups. 不要逐个词地读（课文），要读句群（根据句义断句）。10.a piece of cake 小菜一碟 如：Its a piece of cake, I can do it easily. 小菜一碟，我可以很容易的做完它。巩固检测：.根据句意和首字母提示写出单词。1.The room is too big ,so to get everyone hear you, please speak a_.2.A good way to start a c_with a stranger is talking about the cultures we live in.3.I always fail in the English exams, so I really want to i_ my English.4.Pay more attention to your p_, I cant understand you.5.You are so good at English that everyone wants to know your s_ of learning it. Can you tell us?6.Among the subjects in school, I like c_ and p_ best.用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Do you learn English by _ (watch) videos?2.Your_ (speak) English is very good.3.Speak_ (slow) and let the others hear you clearly.4If you want to improve your _ (speak) skills, you should have more conversations with foreigners.5.The more you read, the _ (fast) you will be.根据汉语提示写出短语, 完成英语句子。1.The little girl_ her mother _ (向要)another toy bear.2. One day, I watched a movie called Mr. Bean. It was such a fun character and a funny movie that I _ _ _ _ (爱上) it at once.3.Please _ _ (记笔记)carefully in class, because its very important.4.If you dont know the words, please_ them_ (查找)in your dictionary.5.I study by _ _ _ (与朋友合作学习).6.Its enough to get the _ _ (关键词) when you listen to this tape.7.Dont _ _ _ (害怕) ask if you dont understand.句型学习1.I study by making flashcards.我通过制作闪记卡来学习。by的用法:（1）通过方式（途径）。例如：I learn English by listening to tapes.我通过听磁带学习英语。（2）在旁边。例如：by the window/the door （3）乘坐交通工具。例如：by bus/car （4）在之前，到为止。例如：by October在10月前 （5）被。 例如：English is spoken by many people.许多人都说英语。2.What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? 大声朗读练习发音如何？“What about.?” 句型用来询问对方的情况或征求对方的意见, 后面跟名词、代词或动名词。例如：Yesterday Sam passed the math exam. What about you? 昨天Sam通过了数学考试。你呢？I dont know how to spend my weekend.我不知如何度过周末。What about going to the concert with me?跟我去听音乐会怎么样？【拓展】 提建议还有下列表达方式：Lets., Shall I (we)., Would you like to., Why dont you., Why not., You had better., Youd better not.例如:Lets look at it again, shall we?让我们再看一看, 好吗？Before reading the book, you had better ask yourself if you have the time.在读这本书之前, 你最好问问自己是否有时间。Why dont we go together?我们为什么不一起去？3.I have to finish reading a book and give a report next Monday. 我得读完这本书，并且要在下周一做个报告。（1）have to 与 must的区别1)两词都是“必须”的意思，have to 表示客观的需要， must 表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要。如：My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)如：He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）2) have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。如：He had to look after his sister yesterday. 他昨天不得不照顾他的姐姐。3） 在否定结构中： dont have to 表示“不必”；mustnt 表示“禁止”。如：You dont have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。You mustnt tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。（2）finish 后面接名词或 doing（动名词）作宾语，不可接 to do 。类似的词还有practice（练习）, enjoy（喜欢）, mind（介意）, suggest（建议）, allow（允许）, avoid（避免）等。（3）give a report 作报告。相近的词组还有：give a speech 做演讲； give a lesson 给人上一堂课。4.Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English? 为什么魏芬发现学英语很难？（1)find+某物/某事+adj.“发现怎么样”。例如：John finds learning Chinese very interesting.John发现学习汉语很有趣。（2)find+it+adj.+to do sth.“发现做某事怎么样”。例如：She finds it impossible to learn English very quickly.她发现快速学习英语不太可能。注意：在第二个句型中常用的形容词有easy（容易的）, difficult/hard（困难的）, necessary（有必要的）, possible（可能的）, impossible（不可能的）, important（重要的）, interesting（有趣的）, exciting（令人激动的）, frustrating（让人失望的） 等等。5.So I just hid behind my textbook and never said anything. 所以我就只是躲在课本后面，从来什么也不说。（1）hide behind- 躲在-后面。如：hide behind the door 躲在门后。（2）never say anything = say nothing 什么也不说。6.So then I began to watch other English movies as well. 所以在那时我也开始看其他的英语电影。（1）then=at that time 在那时。（2）as well常用作状语，作“又；也”解，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开。如： I am going to London and my sister is going as well（-going，too）. 我要到伦敦去，我妹妹也要去。 I not only play the guitar，I sing as well（I also sing ）. 我不但弹吉他，而且还演唱。7.Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning. 虽然我不能听懂（剧中）人物所说的所有内容，但是他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情帮我理解了他们的意思。（1）although 虽然。引导让步状语从句。如果句中已经出现although,就不要再出现but。（2）the characters said为定语从句，修饰先行词everything。此处省略了引导词that。（3）help sb. to do 帮助某人做某事。也可用作help sb. do。（4）get the meaning 懂得其意思。get 此处有懂得之意。如：Do you get it? 你听懂（它）了吗？8.Then I can have a better understanding of English movies. 然后我就会对英语电影有更好的理解。9.One way is by listening to tapes.一个方法就是听磁带。 by doing 在本句中作表语。此结构常见的是做方式状语。如： I learn English by reading aloud. 我通过大声朗读学习英语。巩固检测I. 按要求完成句子。1. I learn English by studying with a group.（就划线部分提问）_ do you learn English?2. I often study with a group and I can learn a lot.（变同义句）I can learn a lot _ _ with a group.3. I like to memorize sentence patterns to practice my English . （变同义句）I like to _ _ _ by _ _ _.4. Why dont you join an English club to practice speaking English?(改写句子, 句意不变) _ _ _ an English club to practice speaking English?5The teacher said, “Dont read word by word.”.（变同义句）The teacher asked us _ _ _ word by word.II. 翻译句子。1. 我通过听磁带和大声朗读来学英语。_2. 你怎样来提高你的发音？_3. 我通过听英语电影中那些有趣的对话来提高我的发音。_4. 如果你不认识这个单词，请查一下字典。_5. 你做题越认真，犯的错就会越少。_语法学习By的用法小结1、介词 prep. 在旁；靠近 Our teacher was sitting by the window. 我们的老师正坐在窗户旁边。 Stand by me! 站到我的身旁来！ We spent our holiday by the sea. 我们在海边度假。 2、 介词 prep. 经过 He walked by me without speaking. 他走过我的身旁，没有说话。 My brother goes by the building every day. 我弟弟每天从这楼旁走过。 3、介词 prep. 用；靠；通过 using (showing who or what did something) I know it by heart. 我把它记在心头。 They can read by touch. 他们可以通过手摸来阅读。 By getting up early, I can have an hour for reading English in the morning. 靠起得早，我每天早晨有一小时时间阅读英语。 4、介词 prep. 不迟于 not later than I shall be back by 5 oclock. 最迟五点我一定回来。 How many English parties had you had by the end of last term? 到上学期末，你们举行了几次英语晚会？ 5、介词 prep. （表示作者）被；由 The child was saved by a PLA man. 这孩子是由一位解放军战士救活的。 These books are donated by the children. 这些书是孩子们捐赠的。 6、介词 prep. （指交通等）乘； The man came by bus. 那人是坐公共汽车来的。 They went to Shanghai by air. 他们坐飞机去上海。 7、副词 adv. 从旁边经过 类似于past He hurried by without a word. 他匆匆地走过去没有说一句话。 Time has gone by. 时间已过去了。 She walked by. 她走过去了。巩固检测I.完成句子。1. 妈妈，如果我的确打碎了那个杯子，你还爱我么？Mum，if the cup _ really broken _ _, will you still love me as before?2. 孩子，九点之前弹完钢琴才能有时间讲故事啊。My love, Ill have no time to tell you stories unless you finish practicing the piano _ _pm.3. 孩子们都会很喜欢住在海边。Kids do enjoy _ _ the sea.4. 时光流逝，一切都变化了。 Time _ _ and everything has changed.5. 沿着马路走的时候一定要注意车辆。 When you _ _ the road, be sure to watch out the cars. II.选择正确答案。1. The play begins at 6: 40 pm. So we have to be at the theatre _6:30 pm at the latest. A. after B. around C. until D. by2 I made the coat _ my own hands. It was made _hand not with a machine. A. in; in B. in; with C. with; by D. with; with 3. He is running _ the wind towards the east of the station _ Tom running _the right. A. down; and; on B. against; with; on C. for; with; in D. with; while; to4. Not all of us know the difference _ wheat and oats. A. among B. between C. from D. in 5._ you speak, _ I hear.A. The louder; the more clearly B.Louder; more clearer C. Louder; more clearly D.The most louder, the most clearly 6. That woman will quarrel _ everybody _ anything. A. about; about B. about; with C. with; about D. with; with 7. They said the building would be completed _ a year.A. after B. for C. in D. aboutSection B自主预习1. pronounce v.原文重现：_仿写句子：_2. increase v.原文重现：_仿写句子：_3. ability n.原文重现：_仿写句子：_4. connect v.原文重现：_仿写句子：_5. make mistakes in -原文重现：_仿写句子：_6. join an English club原文重现：_仿写句子：_7. depend on原文重现：_仿写句子：_8. havein common原文重现：_仿写句子：_9. pay attention to原文重现：_仿写句子：_10. write down原文重现：_仿写句子：_11. over and over again原文重现：_仿写句子：_词汇学习1.pay attention to 注意, 留意如：You must pay attention to your study.你必须专心学习。He does not pay attention to anybody. You are wasting your time in persuading him.他谁的话也不听。你劝他是在浪费时间。The chemistry teacher required the students to pay more attention to keeping the lab clean.化学老师要求学生更加注意保持实验室清洁。2. connect v. 连接 常用词组：connectwith 把与连接, connectto把连到上。如：如：Will you connect this wire to the television? 请你把这根电线和电视机连上好吗? A good student must connect what he reads with what he sees around him. 一个好学生必须将他所读到的东西与他周围所看到的东西联系起来。3. ability n. 能力；才能 the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力。类似的用法有the way to do sth. 做某事的方法 如：Do you know the way to solve the problems? 你知道解决这个问题的方法吗？ Ill show my ability to learn English. 我将会展示出我学英语的能力。4. a life-long journey 一生的旅程 如： Learning is a life-long journey. 学习是一生的旅程。（活到老，学到老。）5. increase v. 增长，加快。 如：I dont know how to increase my reading speed. 我不知道怎样加快我的阅读速度。6. unless 如果不, 除非, 除非在时候如：Youll fail in the French test unless you work harder. 你再不加把劲儿, 法语就考不及格了。unless 和 if.not 的用法比较接近, 常可换用。如前例可改写为：Youll fail in the French test if you dont work harder.7.even if 即使, 尽管 与even though同义。though是从属连词, 引导让步状语从句, 意为“虽然，尽管”。和even组合表示强调。如：Though it was snowing, I went out.尽管在下雪, 我还是出去了。Even though（Even if） we could afford it, we wouldnt go abroad for our vacation.即使我们付得起这笔钱, 也不出国度假。Even though（Even if） he tried, he still lagged behind other runners.尽管他努力了, 仍落在其他赛跑者之后。8.spoken English 英语口语。 spoken是过去分词，作定语，表被动。“被说的”英语，即英语口语。类似的有written English 英语书面语。而speaking skills 中 speaking 是动名词，表示“说方面的”技能。类似的有：writing skills（写作技能）, listening skills（听力技能）,reading skills（阅读技能）等。巩固检测I. 首字母填空。1. The risk of cancer has i_ nowadays because of the terrible food.2. My s_ English is poor, I must practice more.3. Whether I can go there tomorrow will d_ on the weather.4. We all learned a lot of k_ from our teachers when we were at school.5. Please r_ what you have learned today.II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. I read more to increase my _ (read) speed.2. I often make _ (mistake) in spelling.3. You _ (forget) the words unless you _(use) them.4. You can listen to English songs and watch _(sport) programs.5. Good learners find out the best ways _ (learn) _(good).6. Knowledge comes from _(question).7. A good way to become a successful learner is by _(try) to think about the same thing in different_(way).8. How can I improve my _(speak) skills?句型学习1.Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and its also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. 研究显示如果你对某事感兴趣，你的大脑就会更活跃，对你来说长时间集中精力于它就会更加容易。It is+adj.+ to do sth.做某事如：It is not difficult to learn Japanese.学习日语并不难。【拓展】It+be+adj.+of sb.to do sth.某人能做某事真是太了。在这里, 形容词通常表示主观情绪或态度, 例如good（好的）, kind（善良的）, nice（好的）, wise（智慧的）, clever（聪明的）, foolish（愚蠢的）, right（正确的）, wrong（错误的）, careful（细心地）, careless（粗心的）等。如：Its very kind of you to think so much of others.你能为别人着想真是太好了。注意：有时这样的句型可以转换成不定式作状语的句子。前例可改写成：You are very kind to think so much of others.2.I dont know how to increase my reading speed. 我不知道怎样加快我的阅读速度。“how to increase my reading speed”部分是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构做宾语从句。相当于 “how I can increase my reading speed.”做宾语从句。类似的还有: “I dont know what to do.” 我不知道该做什么。“I dont know were to go.”我不知道要去哪里。“I cant choose which one to buy.” 我不能决定买哪一个。3.I dont have a partner to p