全球化对中国文化的影响(英文原创).doc

Discuss the impact of globalization on China from culture perspective1. IntroductionFormer UN Secretary General Annan once pointed out that globalization is an actual event which would have huge effects on the future of human race. Globalization is led by western countries, so developing countries have less effect in globalization (Lieber & Weisberg, 2002). Globalization becomes a great threat and challenge to both economy safety and sovereignty of developing countries, as well as their cultural security (Compton, 2000). As the worlds largest developing country, China goes faster than any other developing country in the progress of globalization. Coupled with the complex environment of globalization, many social facets in China are being or have been deeply influenced by globalization. Among these influences, Chinas cultural development is in a much more dangerous situation. Globalization is a actually, double-edged sword, which brings people both challenges and opportunities.2. Challenges of globalization to Chinese culture 2.1 Decline of traditional festivalsIn the process of globalization and with the expansion of cultural communication, western culture sweeps China and of course, this is normal. Only absorbing and integrating foreign culture element can guarantee a national culture a remarkable development. In this culture exchanging progress, people should hold on to the bottom line of national culture. However, as western festivals enter China, more and more Chinese favor foreign festivals rather than their own. Some are indifferent to traditional Chinese festivals and even forget them (Jie, 2003). Certainly, the hype of foreign festivals by the advertisers is one of the reasons. However, what is deeply reflected by this phenomenon is that Chinese are showing a status of bigotry and inapplicability to the globalization (Liu, 2004). It is the bigotry and inapplicability that leads to the great endangerment of traditional Chinese festivals. 2.2 Insufficient cultural creative abilityChinese culture and technology cannot make a breakthrough during the feudalism times (Huot, 2000). In the 21th century, feudal forces no longer exist. However, Chinese technology, along with the culture, is still on hold, which may be caused in part by globalization. In the process of globalization, China has introduced a great number of modern cutting-edge technologies. This would have been a good thing. However, the problem is that the dependence on foreign science and technology is too large (Huot, 2000). People only pay attention to introduction but they barely devote themselves to analyzing and digesting the essence of these technologies. This phenomenon directly impairs the ability of self-dependent innovation.2.3 Insufficient cultural autonomyThe process of cultural globalization will inevitably lead to conflicts of various ethnic cultures round the world. A typical example is that the US-led western culture spreads to occupy the dominance of the global culture. It stands in a strong position, forming the so-called cultural hegemony (Compton, 2000). Western culture has a powerful integration capability. It strongly radiates other developing countries on national culture. Chinese people are attracted by the highly developed western culture. After reexamining lagging factors within Chinese culture, phenomenon of westernization appears on the surface of Chinese material culture (Guthrie, 2012). For example, dissimilation in language and character, craze for Chinese brands in English names, going abroad craze and so on. This also explains that China is influenced by western capitalist culture when it comes to the development of material culture. Facing the highly developed western capitalist material culture, Chinese people are in an extremely passive state. This penetrates further into the deep layer of Chinese culture. Chinese people are lack of autonomy in the development process of national culture. 3. Opportunities for Chinese culture brought by globalization3.1 Governments powerful guiding function to the development of national cultureAmong the course of reform and opening up, Chinese government introduced a series of measures for the preservation and development of national culture. Through cultural legislation, cultural protection systems and policies, cultural management and other means, China had effectively resisted globalization cultural risk to Chinese culture. It shows a powerful guiding function for the development of Chinese culture. For instance, central and local governments at all levels actively exploit the advantages of unique culture to declare world heritages (Bergsten, 2008). From the terms of legislation, Chinese government has already set the Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Sweeping-Tomb Festival and other traditional festivals as national festivals. This indicates that Chinese government begins to attach importance to traditional Chinese culture.3.2 Radiant national culture on the world stageChinas national culture has some backward cultural factors, but overall, Chinas national culture still has a lot of essence. And some people hold a kind of “western fawning in mind. This exhibits a shortage of national self-confidence and national pride. China, an ancient civilized country with 5000 years of history, was long regarded as a mysterious nation by westerners. With the accelerating process of globalization, exchange and dissemination between Chinese culture and foreign cultures move on rapidly. For example, China has built up many Confucius Institutes in many countries in the world. A craze of learning Chinese is sweeping the world. More and more foreigners are attracted by the unique charisma of Chinese culture. This phenomenon demonstrates a Chinese saying, “the more ethnic, the more cosmopolitan” (Pieterse, 2009). Chinese classical Confucian culture of harmony is a great reference to solving the conflict in international relations at present. Chinese culture has shown a dazzling brilliance through international cultural exchange and interaction in the process of globalization on the world stage.4. National culture protection strategies under the background of globalizationGlobalization is indeed a profound historic change of society. Exploring for the protection strategies of ethnic culture in the process of globalization has a considerable strategic significance for Chinas own development. In the context of globalization, through reasonable and effective means, protecting the nations outstanding characteristics of cultural helps promote Chinese fine national cultural traditions, maintain a relatively stable social and cultural system, thus to contribute to the consolidation of the stability of the regime (Lu & Lu, 2001). It also contributes to respect and protect Chinas ethnic excellent cultures, thus to build a harmonious culture.4.1 Further deepen governments guiding role in national culture protectionOn the one hand, government should do good advocacy and mobilization. Advocating the social significance and importance of the protection of the excellent national culture through specialized agencies and a variety of convenient social media tools to the general public; mobilizing the public to protect the excellent national culture through a variety of strong public opinions. On the other hand, government should enhance its administrative management skill in protecting national culture (Jie, 2003). Government can form an expert group to develop more scientific national culture protecting policies.4.2 Further strengthen legislation to protect national cultureIn order to ensure the protection of national culture and related management policies have legal basis, Chinas legislature should accelerate the pace of legislation protecting national culture according to Chinas current situation. Through related scientific and reasonable cultural legislation, China is able to make sure that each level of government could do its job normatively and scientifically in this protection (Huot, 2000). Only the normalization and scientificalness in national culture protection process are secured, will it be possible to win the protection more support and participation from the public, thus to achieve reasonable and effective protection for the excellent national culture.4.3 Positively explore the joint points between foreign cultures and national cultureProtection of national culture does not mean denying the entire foreign culture invasion (Guthrie, 2012). If people want the national culture to grow and spread, sometimes it requires cultural workers to pay attention to seeking joint points between foreign cultures and native culture. Generally, there are much more advanced elements in foreign cultures. Cultural workers should extract the essence of foreign culture, take current situation of national culture as reference and then find out joint points between the two cultures. Under such circumstance, Chinese culture can be more vigorous and energetic.4.4 Transform the protection of national culture into a turning point for economic developmentCulture, as an industry, will bring very significant social and economic benefits through rational exploitation. In the process of protecting national culture, people can dig through the depth of inherent characteristics of national culture to develop a variety of cultural and ethnic characteristics-related tourism (Liu, 2004). People can do works about arts and crafts design, production and sales whose theme is associated with excellent national culture. By transforming the protection of national culture into a turning point for economic development, government let people, especially people who love and have a good knowledge of national culture, get considerable social and economic benefits, thus to attract more and more people to pay attention to the protection work of national culture. 5. ConclusionChinese people have a brilliant and 5000 year-long history, which brought the eastern world even the entire globe a wide and profound influence. In the international background of globalization, development of Chinese culture is facing severe challenges as well as opportunities. It is necessary for Chinese people to seize all opportunities the globalization has provided, with the brave spirit of openness, to absorb the essence of western culture and to emphasize the intrinsic spiritual values of national culture at the same time, thus to obtain new development opportunities during the integration w