江苏省南京市江宁区汤山初级中学八年级英语下册 8B Unit 2 Travelling Grammar导学案（无答案） 牛津版.doc

8b unit 2 travelling grammar导学案章、节unit 2教学内容grammar第 5课时课 型 教学目标教学重点能够会用have / has been 和have /has gone教学难点能了解since、for和ago的区别，并能熟练的运用。导 学 课 程教师复备（学生笔记）一、知识回顾he bought (buy) a bike two years ago .句中填bought是因为时间状语是two years ago .bought的原形是buy。还有其它一些动词和buy一样常用于过去时，这些动词有：borrow , arrive , leave ,join , begin , come ,stop .如：他昨天从图书馆借了一本书。1) he _ a book from the library yesterday.她两年前离开了她的家乡。2) she _ her hometown two years ago.二、新知学习实际上，上面两句根据句意都可以改成完成时。他昨天从图书馆借了一本书表明这本书已借了一天；她两年前离开了她的家乡表明她已离开家乡两年了。但是我们在转换成完成时过程中不能简单转换：he bought a book from the library yesterday. he has bought a book from the library for a day.() 正确：he has had a book from the library for a day. 上面刚列举的动词(borrow , arrive , leave ,join , begin , come ,stop )的过去时改成完成时也要进行相应的变化。 borrow _ arrive _ leave _ join _ begin _ stop _三、合作探究 (同义句改写)1) he left disneyland two hours ago. he _ _ _ _ disneyland for two hours.2) he joined the club last month. he _ _ _ the club _ last month.3) kitty arrived in hong kong two days ago. kitty _ _ _ hong kong _ two days.4) they got married fifteen years ago. they _ _ _ for fifteen years.5) he bought a new dictionary three days ago. he _ _ a new dictionary _ three days ago.通过以上的句型转换我们可以明确borrow , arrive , leave ,join , begin , come ,stop等动词的用法：即当它们过去时转换成完成时的时候应进行相应的改变(延续性动词短语)。四、新知巩固上面这些动词的完成时用的时间状语一般for+一段时间、since+具体时间。也就是说当时间状语是for+一段时间、since+具体时间时我们应用它们的延续性动词短语。1） 这本书他已经借了两个星期了。he _ _ this book for two weeks.2) 他自从去年就成为俱乐部成员了。he _ _ _ _ _ the club _ last year.3) 电影已经开始半个小时了。the film _ _ _ _ half an hour.4) 会议自从上周六就结束了。the conference _ _ _ _ last saturday.5) 他们结婚已十五年了。they have _ _ _ fifteen years. 五、新知预习 he has been to the south hill many times. 他已经去过南山许多次了。 have been to 表示去过某地(经历) has gone to 表示去了某地(人不在)1) i _ never _ to the great wall. but i plan to go there this