江苏省苏州市高考英语 阅读理解、完形填空及阅读类训练（2）.doc

苏州市2014高考英语阅读理解、完形填空及阅读类训练（2）（答案及解析）阅读理解in early times europeans did not know australia was there. but they thought there must be land in the south of the world. so, about 500 years ago, on their maps of the world, they put it in a big southern continent. in those days they wrote in latin instead of their own languages. the name they gave to this unknown continent was in latin. it was term austmha. in english this is unknown southern land. so when the british found this land, they called it australia.but the british were not the first europeans to find australia. portuguese, spanish and dutch sailors all saw it earlier. that was at the beginning of the 17th century . the dutchman willem janstoon was actually the very first european to find the coast of north australia. the dutch had already named the islands indonesia. they wanted the spices that grow there. in 1606, janszoon sailed south to look for more spice islands. he did not find any, but he found australia. there were no spices there, so he was not interested in it. spanish and portuguese sailors followed him. they sailed along the north and west coasts. they also did not think much of this new land. the dutch called it new holland, after their own country. the british and french followed the dutch. the first british sailors to come to australia also did not think much of it. that was in 1688.so at first none of the europeans were interested in this new discovery. but 70 years later the british government became interested in it. they were afraid the french would take the new land. so they sent captain james cook in his small ship to get there first.i. europeans discovered australia _ a. 500 years ago b. in 1606 c. in 1688 d. about 200 years ago2. the new land was named australia by _ a. the portuguese b. the british c. the spanish d. the dutch 3. britain took australia because _.a. it was a large continent b. no other countries wanted to take itc. the dutch had taken the islands indonesia d. it did not want to let france get it4. put the following events in order according to the passage.a. captain james cook was sent to australia.b. the dutchman willem janszoon found austrlia.c. the first british sailors did not think much of australia. d. spanish and portuguese sailors found australia.e. the british government became interested in it.a. a-c-d-b-e b. b-d-c-e-a c. e-d-a-c-b d. d-e-b-a-c5.what is the best title for this passage?a. how did australia get its name? b. the discovery of australia.c. why did britain take australia? d. the unknown southern land. b篇：1. b。从第二段“this was at the beginning of the 17th century. the dutchman willem janszoon was actually the very first european to find the coast of north australia.”可找到答案。2. b。答案在“in english this is unknown southern land. so when the british found this land, they called it australia.”中。3. d。从最后一段中的“they were afraid the french would take the new land. so they sent captain james cook in his small ship to get there first”可知道答案。4. b。b项的顺序符合, 短文的内容。5. b。文章讲述australia的发现过程，b项能很好地概括短文的内容。黄金表达worse, in manhattan there is always someone who leaves before the bill arrives.情况更糟的是，在曼哈顿，在结帐前总是有某个要离开的人。with 97% of the worlds water too salty to be drunk or be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture.由于世界水的97太咸不能引用，也不能用在农业上，因此全球水的供应，尤其是农业，需要仔细认真的管理。although the idea of a water shortage(短缺)seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the worlds agricultural industries experience constant water shortages .尽管对于那些很幸运的生活由足够降雨量的地区的人们来说，缺水这个概念很陌生，但是在全球有很多的农业国家经历真持续不断的供水短缺。the situation is reversed in winter, where the sun will go down in vermont by 3:45 p.m. while there remains light in florida until 5:15 p.m. 这种情形在冬天正好相反，在佛特蒙州到下午3点45分太阳就开始下山了，而在佛罗里达州知道5点15还是很亮的。here nature created a lot of surprising, almost like the sights on the moon, ever-changing as the frequent wind moves the sand about, showing the most unusual colors.这儿的大自然创造除了几*结束完型填空it was christmas 1961. i was teaching in a small town where my twenty-seven third graders eagerly 1 the great day gift-giving in advance.each day the children produced some new 2 string of popcorn, hand-made trinkets, and german bell. through it all a girl remained alone, watching from a distance, 3 miles away. i wondered what would happen to this quiet child, once so happy, now suddenly so withdrawn . i hoped the festivities would 4 to her. but nothing did. the students made the fried marbles（玻璃弹子）and competed with one another to bring the 5 ones.the day of gift-giving finally came. we cheered over our handiwork as the presents were 6 . all along, she sat quietly watching. to see her smile, i had made a special bag for her. she opened it so slowly and carefully. i waited but she 7 away. i had not passed through the wall of 8 she had built around herself.after school i sat down in a chair, hardly 9 of what was happening. when she came to me with her hands holding a small white box and slightly soiled, as if it had been held many times by 10 childish hands, she said nothing. “for me?” i asked. she said not a word, but nodded her head. i took the box and cautiously opened it. there inside, glistening green, a fried marble 11 from a golden chain. then i looked into that eight-year-old face and saw the 12 in her dark brown eyes. in a flash i knew she had made it for her mother, who had died just three weeks before and would never hold her or brush her hair or 13 her childish joys or sorrows.i meant it when i whispered, “oh, maria, it is so beautiful. your mother would love it.” neither of us could stop the 14 . she threw herself into my arms and we wept together. and for that brief moment i became her mother, for she had given me the greatest 15_ of all: her trust and love.1. a. prepared b. wantedc. expected d. waited2. a. fancies b. plansc. wonders d. ideas3. a. barely b. generallyc. mainlyd. seemingly4. a. lead b. appeal c. adapt d. stick5. a. prettiest b. wisest c. heaviest d. smallest6. a. collected b. chosen c. exchanged d. delivered7. a. gave b. threw c. carried d. turned 8. a. loneliness b. isolationc. communication d. anxiety9. a. afraid b. aware c. sure d. careful10. a. untouched b. unusedc. unwashed d. unknown11. a. protected b. hung c. held d. made12. a. question b. eagerness c. worry d. happiness13. a. know b. enjoy c. comfort d. share14. a. cry b. excitement c. tearsd. feeling 15. a. joyb. beauty c. memory d. gift1-5acdba 6-10cdbbc 11-15badcd*结束many families in the united states have a larger income now than ever before, but people are finding it difficult to make ends meet anyway. almost everyone is wondering,“what happens to all my money?”i never seem to have anything left to put away.why isnt a dollar worth as much as it used to be? one dollar is always worth the same amount, that is, 100 cents. but the value of a dollar is how much it can buy. the value of money depends on the cost of living. economists（经济学家） say that the cost of living is the money that a family must pay for the necessities of life（生活必需品） such as food, housing or rent, clothes, and medical expenses. for many years now, the cost of living has increased greatly, so the value of the dollar has decreased. when a dollar has a low value, you cannot buy as many things with it.no one fully understands why the cost of living keeps increasing, but economists believe that workers and producers can make prices go up. as workers earn more money, they have more money to spend, so many demand more goods. if there is a great demand for certain goods, the prices of these goods go up. at the same time, if theres a shortage（短缺） of goods, the prices also go up. for example, if everyone wants to buy more and more gas, the price of gas goes up. when companies withhold gas from buyers, they can also make the price of gas go up.families need to know what happens to their money. they need to make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family budget. a budget（预算）is a list of monthly. if your expenses add up to more than your income, you must find ways to save money. maybe youre spending too much on entertainment. or if youre spending too much on clothes, you may want to sew your own clothes. budgeting helps you spend your money wisely as the cost of living increases.58. what has troubled many families in the united states?a. a not-large-enough income b. nothing is left over to put awayc. the increasing cost of living d. a shortage of certain goods59. _determines(决定) the value of the dollar.a. the government b. the cost of living c. the economist d. the bank60. while the cost of living increases, the value of the dollar_.a. increases too b. decreases c. neither increases nor decreases d. seldom decreases 61. when _, the prices go up.a. demand（需求） exceeds（超过） supply（供给） b. supply exceeds demandc. demand doesnt exceed supply d. supply equals demand参考答案-58-61cbba*结束 (3) a: i once heard someone shout, “look out.” i put my heard out of the window and a bucketful water fell on me. it seems that “look out” may mean “dont look out”.b: i was once on a ship and heard the captain shout, “all hands on deck(甲板).” i put my hands on the deck and someone walked on them.c: i once called early on an english friend and the servant who came to the door said, “hes not up yet. come back in half an hour.” when i went again for him, she said, “hes not down yet.” i said, “if hes neither up nor down. where is he?” 1. in the dialogue the phrase “look out” actually means “_”.a. dont look out b. look out for the waterc. be careful d. look everywhere2. the underlined word “them” in the dialogue means _.a. my feet b. my hands c. the ship d. the deck3. “he is not up” and “he is not down” in the dialogue actually means _.a. he doesnt stand up and doesnt lie down b. he doesnt come up and doesnt go downc. he hasnt turned up and hasnt turned downd. he hasnt got up and he hasnt come downstairs4. the best title for the dialogue may be _.a. look outb. all hands on deck c. how stranged. what a language5. the writer writes the dialogue to tell us that _.a. english is very interesting if you like it and keep on using itb. it is impossible to learn english very well in a short timec. languages keeps on developing and changing all the timed. words and phrases may have different meanings in different situations.【答案与解析】本文讲的是 a、b、c三人由于不明白英语中的一些习语的意思而闹出的笑话。1. c。词义推断题。根据 a 听到有人喊 “look out.”，就把头伸出窗外，结果是一桶水泼了下来，由此推出泼水的人喊 “look out” 是在提醒别人当心一下，他要泼水了，因此 “look out” 是注意、当心的意思，所以此题答案为 c。2. b。细节判断题。“all hands on deck” 是“全体船员到甲板上集合”的意思，b 却误解了这句话的含义，把双手放在了甲板上。因为船员要到甲板上集合，就有人踩到了他的双手，由此可知 “them”是 “my hands” 的意思，所以答案为 b。3. d。词义推断题。根据 c 讲述的第1句中 “early” 的和仆人说的话hes not up yet. come back in half an hour 可推出 hes not up 是 he hasnt got up 之意；根据 when i went again for him, she said, “hes not down yet.” 可推知 hes not down 是 he hasnt come downstairs 之意。所以答案为 d。4. c。语义理解题。通读全文可知，a、b、c 三人因为没有理解这些习语的真正含义，所以他们对别人的做法和说的话感到迷惑不解。由此可知 how strange 作为这篇文章的标题最合适，所以答案为 c。5. d。主旨题。通读全文可知 “look out” “ all hands on deck” “ up” “down” 在特殊的语境里都不再是字面的意思了，由此可知作者是想告诉读者有些词或短语在不同的语境里有不同的含义，所以答案为 d。*结束 could it be your afterdinner coffee that keeps you awake at night? perhaps you are one of those people who simply cant take coffee in the evening, because the caffeine in it makes you excited. coffee with caffeine(咖啡因) does make some people restless, just when they want to go to sleep. so, before you rush to the doctor for “something to make you sleep”, change over to h. a. g. a new kind of caffeine free coffee, the nicest coffee so far. this kind of coffee is made by modern scientific methods and has come to the perfection for the greatest pleasure that drinking good coffee gives, but without any harmful effects. h. a. g. is the coffee that continental people, who are such great coffee drinkers, have been taking in the evenings for over 50 years. make your choice of h. a. g. enjoy good coffee and good sleep. health food stores and most groceries have h. a. g. coffee. if there is any difficulty, send (with your name and address) for free sample(样品) from the a. a. supply co. ltd. 31/32 priory park road, london, n. w. 6. 1. reading it, we can know that the massage is about _ of a new kind of coffee. a. the instruc