初二常用单词过去式及过去分词.docx

A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同. cost-cost-cost cut-cut-cut put-put-put let-let-let set-set-set hit-hit-hit shut-shut-shut hurt-hurt-hurt read-read-read 读音 /e/lie-lied-lied 说谎 lay-laid-laid 放置，下蛋lay- lain 躺下，位于，平放 eg. The hens dont _eggs during such cold weather. She _ her books on the table. _ B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同1. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是 :tbright-brought-brought think-thought-thought buy-bought-bought catch-caught-caught teach - taught -taught 2. 动词原形中的e为o，变成过去式和过去分词。get-got-got sell-sold-sold tell-told-told 3. 动词原形中i为a, sit-sat-sat spit-spat-spat4. 动词原形中i为o, win-won-won shine-shone/ shined-shone / shined5. 动词原形中an为oo, stand-stood-stood understand-understood-understood 6. 动词原形中的ay为ai, say-said-said pay-paid-paid 7. a）动词原形中的d为t, send-sent-sent lend-lent-lent spend-spent-spent build-built-builtb 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , smell-smelt-smelt lose-lost-lost c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, learn-learnt-learnt mean-meant-meant 读音/e/d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/ feel-felt-felt sleep-slept-slept sweep-swept-swept keep- kept- kept其它meet-met-met have-had-had hold-held-held make-made-made dig-dug-dug hear-heard-heard find-found-found hang-hung -hung C.原型与过去分词相同come-came-come run-ran-run become-became-becomeD. 原形，过去式， 和 过去分词完全不同1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式，改成u变成过去分词begin - began -begun drink-drank-drunk ring-rang-rung swim-swam-swum sing-sang-sung 2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式，在原形词尾加n变成过去分词blow-blew-blown grow-grew-grown know-knew-knownthrow - threw - thrown fly -flew /flu:/ -flown ( 和以上相似)3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾，故把它们分为一类a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式，在词尾加n变成过去分词drive-drove-driven rise-rose-risen write-wrote-written (双写t )ride-rode-ridden (双写d ) b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式，在过去式后加n变成过去分词speak-spoke-spoken steal-stole-stolen break-broke-broken c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词 wake-woke-woken freeze-froze-frozen choose-chose-chosen forget-forgot-forgotten （双写t，加en ）d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词 eat-ate-eaten beat- beat - beaten fall-fell-fallen give-gave-given see-saw-seen take-took-taken mistake- mistook- mistaken hide-hid-hidden （双写d ）E. 没有过去分词的动词can - could may- might shall- should will - would 其它am, is - was- been are-were- been do-did- done draw-drew- drawn go-went- gone show-showed-shown wear- wore - worn 不规则动词的过去式 （初二）不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点，也是一个难点。同学们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律，总结如下： 1. 把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。过去分词不变如： becomebecame, comecame2把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如： beginbegan，drinkdrank，givegave，ringrang，singsang，sitsat，swimswam ，sinksank，3把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如： drivedrove，riderode，shineshone，winwon，writewrote 4动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如： getgot，forgetforgot 5动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如： keepkept，sleepslept，sweepswept 6. 动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如： standstood，understandunderstood7改动词原形中的aw ow为ew，变成过去式。如： drawdrew，growgrew，knowknew，throwthrew（动词show除外，showshowed） 8动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如： breakbroke，speakspoke 9动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如： sellsold，telltold 10以ought和aught结尾，且读音是 :t的过去式。如： bringbrought，buybought，thinkthought，catchcaught，teachtaught 11以ould结尾且读音为ud的情态动词过去式。如： cancould，shallshould，willwould 12在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如： hearhi heardh :d， sayseisaidsed，meanmi:nmeantment， dreamdreamt dremt 13动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如： cutcut, hithit, hurthurt, letlet，mustmust，putput，readreadred，setset14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如： dreamdreamed/ dreamt learnlearnt/ learned shineshone/ shinedsmellsmelt/ smelled wakewoke/ waked15不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如： am，iswas，arewere，buildbuilt，dodid，eatate，fal