大学英语听力b2-U4-listening_Unit_4_Psychology_in_Our_Daily_Life.doc

新编大学英语视听说教程Book 2 Unit 4 Psychology in Our Daily LifePart 1 Listening, understanding and speaking Listening I 1. FTTFFF 2. 1. prison 2. the digging 3. ten 4. the money - the gun 5. plant the potatoes Script: A potato farmer was sent to prison just at the time when he should have been digging the ground for planting the new crop of potatoes. He knew that his wife would not be strong enough to do the digging by herself, but she could manage to do the planting; and he also knew that he did not have any friends or neighbors who would be willing to do the digging for him. So he wrote a letter to his wife which said, Please do not dig the potato field. I hid the money and the gun there. Ten days later he got a letter from his wife. It said, I think somebody is reading your letters before they go out of the prison. Some policemen arrived here two days ago and dug up the whole potato field. What shall I do now? The prisoner wrote back at once, Plant the potatoes, of course.Listening II 1 4,5 2. 1) the lift service 2) engineers 3) Add more lifts 4) faster ones 5) too expensive 6) a psychologist 7) Place a large mirror 8) simple 9) inexpensive Script: The manager of a large office building received many complaints about the lift service in the building. He hired a group of engineers to study the situation. They suggested two solutions: 1. adding more lifts of the same type; 2. replacing the lifts with faster ones. The manager decided that both suggestions were too expensive. So he asked a psychologist to study the problem. The psychologist noticed that many people felt angry and impatient because they thought they had to wait too long for the lifts. However, the psychologist found that they had to wait only a relatively short time. It occurred to him that the reason they felt angry and impatient was that they had nothing to do while they were waiting for the lifts. He suggested a simple, inexpensive solution to the manager. This was adopted and complaints stopped immediately. The solution was to place a large mirror next to the lifts.Listening III1. T T F F T 2 1) office 2) discussion 3) Immediately 4) long 5) describing 6) wrongs 7) over 8) shoulders 9) minutes 10) speechless Script: After just a few years of marriage, filled with constant arguments, a young man and his wife decided the only way to save their marriage was to try therapy. They had been at each others throats for some time and felt that this was their last resort. When they arrived at the therapists office, the therapist jumped right in and opened the floor for discussion, What seems to be the problem? Immediately, the husband held his long face down without anything to say. On the other hand, the wife began describing all the wrongs within their marriage. After 51015 minutes of listening to the wife, the therapist went over to her, picked her up by her shoulders, kissed her for several minutes, and sat her back down. Afterwards, the wife sat therespeechless. He looked over at the husband who was staring in disbelief at what had happened. The therapist spoke to the husband, Your wife NEEDS that at least twice a week! The husband scratched his head and replied, I can have her here on Tuesdays and Thursdays. Listening IV1 T T F F F2 1. less stressed 2. stress level- heart rate - blood pressure 3. discussion -social interaction 4. laugh -great Script: (Joan, Kristen and Shelly are discussing their evening plans while having lunch.) Joan: Im so stressed out! I just cant get that new computer program written. I wonder if Ill ever finish it. Im supposed to have dinner with my best friend from college tonight but I think I should call her and say I cant. Kristen: No, Joan, dont call her. Have dinner with her and have a good time. Shelly: I agree with Kristen. Have dinner and talk about what fun you two had in college. Tomorrow youll feel less stressed. Joan: How do you know, Shelly? Shelly: I recently read an article in the magazine Psychology Today. It said social support, especially with old and good friends, can help you keep down your stress level. It can actually slow your heart rate and reduce your blood pressure. Kristen: I read that too. It also said that making time for close relationships is vital to helping you have good health. Some research suggests that people who are socially connected get a better nights rest too. Joan: OK, Ill go. I really wanted to, but, well, you know. By the way, Kristen, your job is stressful too. What are you doing tonight? Kristen: Ive joined a book discussion group. Were meeting tonight. I always enjoy the discussion and social interaction, so I go home afterwards, feeling relaxed. Shelly: Im going to call my sister. We dont live close to each other so we phone when we can and laugh a lot. I always feel great afterwards. Joan: Sounds like well all be distressing tonight. Im glad we talked. Part 2 Viewing, understanding and speaking 1 Mr. & Mrs. Strong: B C F H I Mr. & Mrs. Green: A D E G 2. 1. 6:55 2. New York 3. Mechanical problems 4. their flight is overdue/ delayed 5. the coffee shop 6. seating on another airline 7. 1120 Script: (Its now 6:05 in the afternoon. Mr. and Mrs. Strong are in the waiting room of an airport. Mr. Strong is reading a newspaper. Mrs. Strong is sitting there idly. Mr. and Mrs. Green approach them.) Mrs. Green: Excuse me, is this seat taken? Mrs. Strong: No, its not taken. Have a seat. (Mr. and Mrs. Green sit down next to Mr. and Mrs. Strong.) Mrs. Strong: My name is Strong, Molly Strong. Pleased to meet you. Mrs. Green: Im Doris Green. How do you do? Mrs. Strong: Where are you going? Mrs. Green: Were going to Copenhagen for our sons wedding. Its tomorrow morning. Mrs. Strong: Oh, congratulations! Thats nice. You must be very excited. Mrs. Green: You bet! I can hardly believe my little Jackie has grown up and is getting married. (She looks at her watch.) Now its 6:05 and the flight will take off in 50 minutes. Just imagine in nine hours Ill see Jack and my new daughter-in-law, Alice! I expect theyll come and pick us up at the airport. What about you? Where are you going? Mrs. Strong: We are going to New York by TWA Flight 1070. Our daughter recently had a baby. My first grandchild. Mrs. Green: You must be thrilled. Mrs. Strong: Yeah, I cant wait to see my dear grandson. This is him, Nick. (She takes out a picture of Nick and shows it to Mrs. Green.) Mrs. Green: (She looks closely at the photo.) Hes lovely! (Suddenly, a voice comes out through a loudspeaker.) (Loudspeaker: Attention, please. AA Flight 644 to Copenhagen will be delayed. Attention, please. AA Flight 644 to Copenhagen will be delayed.) Mrs. Green: Oh, my goodness! Whats up? It seems the flight to Copenhagen wont be on time. Id better go and call Jackie about the delay. Mr. Green: (He looks up from the newspaper.) No hurry. It doesnt say how long the flight will be delayed. Lets wait and see. Mrs. Green: Well, OK, lets wait a while. Mrs. Strong: Dont worry. Im sure things will turn out fine in the end. (Just at that time, another voice comes out through a loudspeaker.) (Loudspeaker: Attention, please. TWA Flight 1070 to New York is overdue because of mechanical problems. Its stopping in Chicago for maintenance. Well keep you informed when we know more.) Mrs. Strong: Oh, no! Our flight is delayed as well. Mr. Strong: (He looks up from the newspaper.) Take it easy. It says the flight is overdue because of mechanical problems. I believe the mechanics will solve the problems soon. Mrs. Strong: OK. (As time goes by, Mr. and Mrs. Green become more and more anxious. Mr. Green cant read the newspaper any more. He walks back and forth in the waiting room. Mrs. Strong is comforting Mrs. Green.) Mrs. Green: I cant wait any more. Its 7:15. Weve been waiting for over an hour, but theres been no further information. What on earth is happening? Mr. Green: Who knows! It could be bad weather, mechanical problems, a bomb threat, whatever. Mrs. Strong: Why dont you go to the Information Desk and ask them about the causes of the delay? Mr. Green: Thats not a bad idea. Lets go there now. (Mr. and Mrs. Green leave for the Information Desk.) Mrs. Strong: (to Mr. Strong) Ill go and buy some magazines. Mr. Strong: Go ahead. Ill be here waiting for you. Mrs. Strong: OK. (Mrs. Strong stands up and goes around the airport. Mr. Strong continues reading the newspaper. Several minutes later, Mrs. Strong comes back with some magazines in her right hand.) Mr. Strong: What did you get? Mrs. Strong: Cosmo, Life and Good Housekeeping. Any further news about our flight yet? Mr. Strong: Nothing, up to now. (Loudspeaker: Attention, please. TWA Flight 1070 to New York is overdue because of a door problem. The mechanics expect that the door will be repaired in 30 minutes. Well keep you advised as we know more.) Mr. Strong: Well, it seems we have lots of time. Why not go and get a bite to eat? Mrs. Strong: Good idea. Lets go to the coffee shop. (Mr. and Mrs. Green arrive at the Information Desk.) Mr. Green: Excuse me, can you tell me why AA Flight 644 to Copenhagen is delayed? Agent: Im sorry, sir. We dont have any further information about that. Mr. Green: Then how long will it be delayed? Agent: Sorry, sir. We really dont know. Youll just have to wait. Well inform you through the loudspeaker as soon as possible. Mrs. Green: (She says angrily.) Weve been waiting for ages and theres been no further information about the delay. How long will we have to wait? We are going to our sons wedding. We cant miss it. Agent: I understand how you feel, madam. Well try to find out the causes as soon as possible. (Mr. and Mrs. Green go back to the waiting room of the airport. They become increasingly impatient.) Mrs. Green: Isnt it annoying? Nobody is telling us anything. Mr. Green: Thats the limit! I cant bear it any longer. Lets go and find seating on an airline that flies to Copenhagen. Mrs. Green: Why not? Were not getting any help from this airline. (Mr. and Mrs. Green leave the waiting room angrily.) (Mr. and Mrs. Strong are sitting leisurely at the coffee shop. Light music is on, and they feel very comfortable.) Mrs. Strong: (She looks at her watch.) Oh, time is flying. Its 7:30. Hurry up. The flight will be announced soon. Mr. Strong: Take your time. Were in no great rush. We can hear the announcement here if there is one. (Loudspeaker: Attention, please. TWA Flight 1070 to New York is overdue because of mechanical problems. We are sorry to announce that the problems are more complex than initially expected. Those who are without luggage and need to leave right away can take TWA Flight 1120 at Gate 6. TWA Flight 1120 will leave from Gate 6 at 7:45.) Mr. Strong: (He smiles.) See? Lets go to take TWA Flight 1120. Mrs. Strong: Good. Part III Video Appreciation and Singing for Fun 1 F F F T T F T T 2 A B C D 3 1. curse 2. stuck 3. checkout 4. assess - objectively 5. field - vision 6. fed 7. shoot 8. overtake Part IV Further Speaking and Listening Listening I 1. B D 3. T F F T T Script: Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural preference, not an economic one. Knowing your own psychological space needs is important because they strongly influence your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were brought up in a two-child family and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms, then its very likely that you will also provide separate bedrooms for your children. In America they train people to want their own private rooms by giving them their own rooms when they are babies. This is very rare in the world. In many cultures the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a crib near their bed. The areas in the home where people meet also reveal a lot about psychological space needs. Some families cluster, and the size of their house has nothing to do with it. Others have separate little places where family members go to be alone. Although psychological space needs are not determined by economic factors, they sometimes have to be modified a little because of economic pressures. It is almost impossible, however, to completely change your psychological space needs.Listening II 1 1) psychologists 2) influence 3) experimented 4) carrier 5) observed 6) normal 7) 10 percent of the passers-by helped the non-handicapped man, and 15 percent helped the man with a cast. 8) set up a similar experiment in a situation where the subjects couldnt leave. 2 1) A student volunteer 2) experiment 3) same 4) books 5) 75 6) 37.5 7) distracting 8) notice 9) respond 10) further annoyed 11) the noise 12) help out. Script: Two recent studies by psychologists suggest that noise can influence how nice we are to others. They experimented by giving people a chance to help someone in trouble. A person would see a man carrying two boxes filled with books. As the person came closer, the book carrier dropped several books. The other researcher observed whether the passer-by offered to help. When the noise level was normal, 20 percent of the passers-by helped. When the experimenter wore a cast on his arm, 80 percent offered help. But when a very noisy lawnmower was nearby, 10 percent of the passers-by helped the non-handicapped man, and 15 percent helped the man with a cast. It seemed that people were less helpful when it was noisy because they wanted to escape the noise. So the researchers set up a similar experiment in a situation where the subjects couldnt leave. A student volunteer waited in a room before being called for an experiment he expected. The experimenter waited in the same room, holding some books. He dropped the books. The noise level in the room varied from normal to loud; 75 percent of the 52 students helped pick up the books under normal conditions, but only half that many volunteered when the room was noisy. Perhaps because of the distracting noise, the students didnt notice and respond quickly to the book-dropping. Or perhaps the book-dropping further annoyed the students already irritated by the noise, making them less likely to help out. Listening III 1 1-5 C A C A B 2 1) identify personalities 2) achievement 3) parties 4) center 5) crowd 6) getting along with 7) friendly, caring 8) planned 9) structured 10) a few friends 11) a big group Script: (Three students, Janice, Sue, and Kelly, are looking at magazines in the library and commenting on some articles they see.) Janice: I think Ive seen everything now! Sue: What do you mean? Janice: Have you ever heard of psycho-geometrics? Sue: No. Janice: I hadnt either. Its a new way of identifying personalities. Kelly: How? Janice: You think of the four basic shapessquare, triangle, circle and rectangle and decide which shape you like best. Sue: I like triangles. They make me think of the ancient Egyptian pyramids. What does that say about me? Janice: The triangle stands for ambition and high achievement. Sue: I like that. What else? Janice: You like to achieve. Once you decide what you want, nothing will stop you. Also you like to give big parties for friends and love being in the center of the crowd. Sue: That fits me. Kelly: What about me? I like circles. Thats why I wear my blouse with the dots on it so often. Janice: The circle is a symbol of unity. Getting along with others is most important to you. Youre friendly, caring and a good listener. No wonder youre so popular! Kelly: Thats nice to know. What about you? Janice: I like