广东省高三英语二轮专题精品卷 阅读理解（7）.doc

广东省2014届高三英语二轮专题精品卷：阅读理解（7） 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。aimagine living in a city made of glass. no, this isnt a fairy tale. if you could grab your diving gear and swim down 650 feet into the pacific ocean off the coast of washington state, you would witness the secret world of glass reefs.the reef youd be looking at is made up of glass sponges(海绵). but how can animals be made of glass? well, glass is formed from a substance called silica. the sponges use the silica found in ocean waters to build glass structures that will give them shape and support. be careful! some of the fragile creatures are up to 200 years old.when sponges die, new ones grow on top of the pile of old ones. over centuries, a massive and complex reef takes shape. some sponges look like wrinkled trumpets, while others look like overgrown cauliflower or mushrooms.dr. paul johnson, who discovered the washington reef in 2007, also found other surprises such as bubbles of methane(甲烷) gas flowing out of the seafloor nearby. the methane feeds bacteria, and the bacteria feed the glass sponges.“its a new ecosystem we know nothing about,” said dr. johnson.the reef of yellow and orange glass sponges is crowded with crabs, shrimp, starfish, worms, snails, and rockfish. the glass reef is also a nursery for the babies of many of these creatures and was called a “kindergarten” by scientists.many animals that live in the reef hang around for a long time, just like the sponges. rockfish, for example, live for more than 100 years. scientists are just beginning to study all the species that call the reef home. the washington coast isnt the only place where a living glass reef has been found. the first was discovered in hecate strait off the coast of british columbia in 1991. scientists all over the world were stunned to see it. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了科学家们在海底世界发现的奇观。在海底的礁石中生长着各类生物，他们形成了一个新的生态系统。26. which of the following is the best title for the passage?a. man-made cities under the sea b. the world under the seac. glass “cities” under the sea d. creatures under the sea【答案】c【 解析】结合本文大意，主要给我们讲述了海底的玻璃城。故选c。27. it can be learned that the glass reef _.a. is made up of a kind of materials called spongesb. is a work of art made by some american scientists c. is a new ecosystem people are not familiar withd. was first discovered off the coast of washington state 【答案】c【 解析】根据文章第五段“its a new ecosystem we know nothing about,” said dr. johnson.可知答案为c。28. which of the following is true according to the passage?a. the sponges must feel soft. b. silica comes from animals body fluid.c. methane is harmful to glass sponges. d. glass sponges depend on the bacteria for a living. 【答案】d【 解析】根据文章中the methane feeds bacteria, and the bacteria feed the glass sponges可知答案为d。29. why did scientists call the glass reef a “kindergarten”?a. because the babies of many sea creatures grow well there.b. because thousands of children visit it every year.c. because it is crowded with snails and rockfish, etc.d. because all the species call the reef home.【答案】a【 解析】根据文章中the glass reef is also a nursery for the babies of many of these creatures and was called a “kindergarten” by scientists.可知答案为a。30. what does the underlined word “stunned” in the last paragraph mean?a. greatly surprised. b. extremely scared. c. highly satisfied. d. very pleased. 【答案】a【 解析】结合文意可知当科学家们发现了这些有生命力的礁石的时候会是多么的惊奇。bone day, jack threw some papers on my desk. “whats wrong?” i asked. “next time you want to change anything, ask me first,” he said, and left. i had made just one small change. but its not that i hadnt been warned. my colleagues had said he was responsible for the resignations of the two previous secretaries. as the weeks went by, i came to look down on jack.after another of his episodes had left me in tears i stormed into his office. “what?” he said suddenly. “jack, the way youve been treating me is wrong. ive never had anyone speak to me that way. as a professional, its wrong for me to allow it to continue,” i said. jack smiled nervously, “susan, i make you a promise that i will be a friend. i will treat you as you deserve to be treated, with respect and kindness.” jack avoided me the rest of the week, and never questioned my work again. i brought cookies to the office one day and left some on his desk. another day i left a note: ”hope your day is going great. ” over the next few weeks, there were no more jack episodes. one year later i discovered i had breast cancer, and was scared. the statistics were not great for my long-term survival.one day, however, jack visited me in the hospital and silently handed me a bundle with several bulbs inside. “tulips(郁金香),” he said. i smiled, not understanding. “if you plant them when you get home, theyll come up next spring. i think you will be there to see them when they come up. next spring you will see the colours i picked out for you.” tears clouded my eyes and he left. i have seen those red and white striped（有条纹的） tulips push through the soil every spring for over ten years now. this past september the doctor declared me cured. at a moment when i was praying for just the right word, a man with very few words said all the right things. after all, thats what friends do.【文章大意】本文主要为我们讲述了作者和jack之间由开始的冲突不断，到后来作者患癌后jack 对她的鼓励，才发现jack 是一个真正的朋友。31. jack became angry that day because_.a. he was feeling unwellb. susan had failed to keep his office cleanc. he felt susan changed too much about the papersd. susan had changed something without his permission【答案】d【 解析】根据文章中“next time you want to change anything, ask me first,” he said, and left. i had made just one small change.可知答案为d。32. susan stormed into jacks office to tell jack that_.a. he wasnt worthy of respectb. he should apologize to her right away c. she would treat him the way he treated herd. one should show others respect and kindness【答案】d【 解析】susan 冲到jack 的办公室是觉得jack对她太没有礼貌，不尊重她。33. which of the following describes susan?a. moody but firm.b. shy and demandingc. confident and friendly.d. tough and troublesome.【答案】c【 解析】a.易怒但倔强；b.害羞且苛求c.自信，友好d.坚韧，爱惹麻烦。根据文意可知答案为c。34. from the passage, we can conclude that_.a. jack cares about his employeesb. jack gets along well with his employeesc. jack is always particular about his workd. jack doesnt care about the feelings of others【答案】a【 解析】结合全文可知jack 其实是一个关心同事的人。这一点可以从作者生病后jack 的表现看出。35. we can infer from the passage that_.a. a friend in need is a friend in deedb. a few words can be as meaningful as manyc. a friend who says little must be a good friendd. we must treat disrespectful people with disrespect【答案】b【 解析】根据文章中最后一句a man with very few words said all the right things. after all, thats what friends do.可知答案为b。 cthroughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how theyll change america. rightly so, but selfishly, im more fascinated by michelle obama and what she might be able to do, not just for this country, but for me as an african-american woman. as the potential first lady, she would have the worlds attention. and that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of african-american woman they so rarely see.usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. the prevailing theory seems to be that were all hot-tempered single mothers who cant keep a man. even in the world of make-believe, black women still cant escape the stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic (酗酒的) mothers.these images have helped define the way all women are viewed, including michelle obama. before she ever gets the chance to commit to a cause, charity or foundation as first lady, her most urgent and perhaps most complicated duty may be simple to be herself.it wont be easy. because few mainstream publications have done in-depth features on regular african-american women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. for better or worse, michelle will represent us all.just as she will have her critics, she will also have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the first lady. many african-american blogs have written about what theyd like to see michelle bring to the white housemainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. michelle will have to work to please everyonean impossible task. but for many african-american women like me, just a little of her poise (沉着), confidence and intelligence will go a long way in changing an image thats been around for far too long.【文章大意】本文大意为：随着奥巴马将要成为美国新一届总统，michelle 即将成为第一夫人。作为一个黑人妇女michelle或许会改变人们对传统黑人女性的看法。36. why does michelle obama hold a strong fascination for the author?a) she serves as a role model for african women.b) she possesses many admirable qualities becoming a first lady.c) she will present to the world a new image of african-american women.d) she will pay closer attention to the interests of african-american women.【答案】c【 解析】michelle 即将成为美国第一夫人，成为人们聚焦的中心，她将会改变人们对黑人女性的看法，代表着黑人女性的新形象。37. what is the common stereotype of african-american women according to the author?a) they are victims of violence. b) they are of an inferior violence.c) they use quite a lot of body language. d) they live on charity and social welfare.【答案】b【 解析】根据文章第二段the prevailing theory seems to be that were all hot-tempered single mothers who cant keep a man. even in the world of make-believe, black women still cant escape the stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic (酗酒的) mothers内容可知答案为b。38. what do many african-americans write about in their blogs?a) whether michelle can live up to the high expectations of her fans.b) how michelle should behave as a public figure.c) how proud they are to have a black woman in the white house.d) what michelle should do as wife and mother in the white house.【答案】d【 解析】根据文章最后一段many african-american blogs have written about what theyd like to see michelle bring to the white house可知答案为d。39. what does the author say about michelle obama as a first lady?a) however many fans she has, she should remain modest,b) she shouldnt disappoint the african-american community.c) however hard she tries, she cant expect to please everybody.d) she will give priority to african-american womens concerns.【答案】c【 解析】根据文章中just as she will have her critics, she will also have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the first lady.可知，michelle成为了第一夫人，她会有很多的支持者，也会受到很多的批评。所以她不可能取悦每个人。40. what do many african-american women hope michelle obama will do?a) help change the prevailing view about black women. b) help her husband in the task of changing america.c) outshine previous first lady.d) fully display her fine qualities.【答案】a【 解析】根据文章倒数第二段because few mainstream publications have done in-depth features on regular african-american women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. for better or worse, michelle will represent us all.作者希望michelle能改变人们对黑人女性的看法。 dwhen next years crop of high-school graduates arrive at oxford university in the fall of 2009, theyll be joined by a new face; andrew hamilton, the 55-year-old provost (教务长) of yale, wholl become oxfords vice-chancellora position equivalent to university president in america.hamilton isnt the only educator crossing the atlantic. schools in france, egypt, singapore, etc, have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, its gone global. yet the talent flow isnt universal. high-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from america.the chief reason is that american schools dont tend to seriously consider looking abroad. for example, when the board of the university of colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the universitys budget. “we didnt do any global consideration,” says patricia hayes, the boards chair. the board ultimately picked bruce benson, a 69-year-old colorado businessman and political activist (活动家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. fund-raising is a distinctively american thing, since u.s. schools rely heavily on donations. the fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.many european universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. but government support has failed to keep pace with rising student number. the decline in government support has made funding-raising an increasing necessary ability among administrators and has hiring committees hungry for americans.in the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. in 2003, when cambridge university appointed alison richard, another former yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen “a major strengthening of yales financial position.”of course, fund-raising isnt the only skill outsiders offer. the globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind of promote international programs and attract a global student body. foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on established practices.【文章大意】本文大意为：很多大学过去政府支持办学，但随着社会的发展，现在政府支持已经满足不了大学的发展，更多的是靠社会筹募资金办学，因而很多大学开始在全球寻找具有这种能力的人。41. what is the current trend in higher education discussed in the passage?a) institutions worldwide are hiring administrators from the u.s.b) a lot of political activists are being recruited as administrators.c) american universities are enrolling more international students.d) university presidents are paying more attention to funding-raising.【答案】a【 解析】根据文章大意可知，现在世界上很多大学都从美国雇佣管理者，以适应现在大学发展的需要。42. what is the chief consideration of american universities when hiring top-level administrators?a) the political correctness. b) their ability to raise funds.c) th