介词+关系代词讲解加练习.doc

介词关系代词引导的定语从句一关系代词直接跟在介词后时，指人只可用whom，指物只能用 which, 不可用who, that 例如：The man who/whom you spoke to was a scientist. 变成：The man to whom you spoke was scientist.【练习1】把下面的句子改写成介词加关系代词引导的定语从句1. This is the school that I studied in for three years. _2. She is the very singer who they were talking about at that time._3. She still remembers the factory that her mother worked in five years ago._ 4. Daniel is the person (who/whom/that) I want to make friends with._5 . The Maths teacher is the person (who/whom/that) I got an A plus from._【练习2】判断下面的句子是否正确，如果有错，请修改1. This boy to who I give a photo is his brother.2. This is the girl for her my mother bought a nice gift.3. The old man lives in that house, the windows of that were broken last night.4. My people left the city in that they had lived for many years.5. I still remember the morning in which he first come to school.【练习3】 用适当介词+关系代词填空1. Do you like the book _ she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book _she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book _she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book _she often talks? 5. He built a telescope _he could study the skies. 6. There is a tall tree outside,_ stands our teacher. 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _is the Yellow River. 8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill. 9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten window, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.二 .有关系代词搭配的介词的选择。1). 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来决定。【练习4】1. This is the knife _ I usually cut my pencil. 2. We cant live without the sun_ we get heat and light.3. The house _there is a big tree was built more than 1000 years ago. A. which B. in front of which C. that D. in the front of which4. The house I grew up _has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A.in it B.in C.in that D.in which5. Some biologists believe this is an ancient survival strategy, _a diet with 30 percent fewer calories than usual increased life span. A. for which B. to which C. of which D. in which6. I ll never forget the day _he made the speech.7. The moment _ I made the decision is exciting.8. The month _which I left for vocation is July.2）根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配来决定。【练习5】1. Do you know the girl_ our head teacher is talking ?2. I cant find my dictionary _I paid over $100 .3. This is the good car_ _I spent all my money.4. She is the teacher _all his students show respect .5. The teacher_ _you have been waiting is coming in a minute. 3）根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定【练习6】1. Air, _ which man cant live, is really important.2. The pen _which he is writing now was bought yesterday.3. The German boss_ the actress works is a kind person.4. The host _ _ the guest speaker works likes singing.5. The pen friend _the poet writes is good at literature.结论：关于先行词的选择原则：一先，二动，三意义【练习7】1. The farm _ we worked then years ago isnt what it used to be.2. This is the tree _ we used to play games.3. Have you met the person _ he was speaking?4. He is the man _ you can turn for help5. The pen _ he is writing now was bought yesterday.6. The gas _ we can not live is called oxygen.三 . 有关系代词搭配的介词的选择。当关系代词做某些固定不能拆开的短语的宾语时，介词不能提前。如：look after, look for, take care of, see toe.g. Is this the watch which you are looking for? Is this the watch for which you are looking? ( X ) The old man whom I am looking after is better . The old man after whom I am looking is better. (X)四Of +whom/which 引导定语从句的用法1) . whose+名词可替换成“名词 +of+whom/which” 表示“ 的 ”，1. This is the teacher whose daughter is a famous doctor.=This is the teacher_ is a famous doctor.2. We had a meeting whose purpose was not clear. = We had a meeting _was nor clear.3. He mentioned a book whose title has slipped my memory. = He mentioned a book _ has slipped my memory. 2). 数词/不定代词/形容词最高级+of+ which/whom 表示“其中” He has ten cousins, _are clever. (其中三个很聪明) He has ten cousins, _are clever. (其中一半很聪明) He has ten cousins, _are clever. (其中没有人非常聪明) He has ten cousins, _are clever. (其中一些非常聪明) He has ten cousins, _is Steven. (其中最高的)五特例：当先行词是the way时，我们通常用that/ in which/省略来引导一个定语从句e.g. I dont like the way that/ in which/ 不填you treat your father. I dont like the way that/ in which/ 不填he look at people. 课后练习（用介词加关系代词填空）1. China is a beautiful country, _ _ we are proud.2. Do you remember the day _ _ you joined our club?3. This is the house _ _ I lived two years ago.4. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ _ she could turn for help.5. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ _ she could ask for help6. In his room, we saw a big table _ _ there were 3 magazines.7. Glasses, _ _I cant see clearly, are really important for me.8. This is the man _ _ I learned the news.9. The pen _ _ I write every day is broken.10. The man _ _ I bought the picture is over 80.11. Can you give me some paper _ _ I can write a note?12. The newly-built cafe , _ are painted light green。（墙壁被粉刷成淡绿色）13. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, _left their village homes for a better life in the city. (许多人离开家乡去城市寻求更好生活)14. She brought with her three friends, _I had ever met before. (没有人我认识)15. The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. (指针是由钻石制成的) 16. Do you remember the day _ we left you in charge.17.