河南省洛阳市孟津县第一高级中学高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）.docVIP

孟津一高2015-2016学年上期期末考试高一英语试题考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分本试卷分第i卷（选择题）和第ii卷（非选择题）。考试结束，请将答题卡交回。第i卷注意事项：1、答第i卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2、选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。atwenty years ago, i drove a taxi for a living. one night i went to pick up a passenger at 2:30 am. when i arrived to collect, i found the building was dark except for a single light in a ground floor window.i walked to the door and knocked, “just a minute,” answered a weak, elderly voice. after a long pause, the door opened. a small woman in her eighties stood before me. by her side was a small suitcase.i took the suitcase to the car, and then returned to help the woman. she took my arm and we walked slowly toward the car.she kept thanking me for my kindness. “its nothing,” i told her. “i just try to treat my passengers the way i would want my mother treated.”“oh, youre such a good man.” she said. when we got into the taxi, she gave me an address, and then asked, “could you drive through downtown?”“its not the shortest way,” i answered quickly.“oh, im in no hurry,” she said. “im on my way to a hospice (临终医院). i dont have any family left. the doctor says i dont have very long.”i quietly reached over and shut off the meter (计价器).for the next two hours, we drove through the city. she showed me the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she had lived, and the furniture shop that had once been a ballroom where she had gone dancing as a girl.sometimes shed ask me to slow down in front of a particular building and would sit staring into the darkness, saying nothing.at dawn, she suddenly said,” im tired. lets go now.”we drove in silence to the address she had given me.“how much do i owe you?” she asked.“nothing.” i said.“you have to make a living,” she answered. “oh, there are other passengers,” i answered.almost without thinking, i bent and gave her a hug. she held onto me tightly. our hug ended with her remark, “you gave an old woman a little moment of joy.”1. the old woman chose to ride through the city in order to _.a. show she was familiar with the cityb. reach the destination on timec. let the driver earn more moneyd. see some places for the last time2. the taxi driver did not charge the old woman because he _.a. was in a hurry to take other passengersb. shut off the meter by mistakec. had received her payment in advanced. wanted to do her a favor3. what can we learn from the story?a. an act of kindness can bring people great joy.b. people should respect each other.c. giving is always a pleasure.d. people should learn to appreciate others concern.考点：考查故事类短文阅读。bwhat do you want to be when you grow up? a teacher? a doctor? how about an ice-cream taster?yes, there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice cream. just ask john harrison, an “official taste tester” for the past 21 years. testing helps manufacturers to be sure of a products quality. during his career harrison has been responsible for approving large quantities of the sweet ice creamas well as for developing over 75 flavors（味道）.some people think that it would be easy to do this job; after all, you just have to like ice cream, right? notheres more to the job than that, says harrison, who has a degree in chemistry. he points out that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone wanting a career in this “cool” field.in a typical morning on the job, harrison tastes and assesses 60 ice-cream samples. he lets the ice cream warm up to about 12f. harrison explains, “you get more flavor from warmer ice cream, which is why some kids like to stir（搅拌）it, creating ice-cream soup.”while the ice cream warms up, harrison looks over the samples and grades each one on its appearance. “tasting begins with the eyes,” he explains. he checks to see if the ice cream is attractive and asks himself，“does the product have the color expected from that flavor?” next its time to taste! continuing to think up new ideas, try out new flavors, and test samples from so many kinds of ice cream each day keeps harrison busy but happy working at one cool job.4. what is john harrisons job?a. an official.b. an ice-cream manufacturer.c. a chemist.d. an ice-cream taster.5. according to john harrison, to be qualified in the “cool field”, it is helpful to .a. think up new ideas every dayb. keep a diary of daily workc. have a degree in related subjectsd. find out new flavors each day6. what does harrison do first when testing ice cream?a. he stirs the ice cream.b. he lets the ice cream warm up.c. he tastes the flavor of the ice cream. d. he examines the color of the ice cream.7. which of the following is probably the best title for the passage?a. one cool jobb. flavors of ice creamc. tasting with eyesd. john harrisons life【答案】 4.d5.c6.b7.a【解析】试题分析: 本文介绍了一个很酷的职业“冰淇淋品尝师”，并对john harrison的工作简单描述，让读者了解一些这个职业。4.d 细节理解题。根据第一段just ask john harrison, an “official taste tester” for the past 21 years.可知，john harrison 已经做了21年的冰淇淋品尝师，故选d。5. c推理判断题。根据文中第三段he points out that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone wanting a career in this “cool” field.他指出：对于想从事这份很酷的职业领域的人来说，拥有一个乳制品或食品科学学位是有有帮助的。故答案c拥有相关学科的学位正确，故选c。6.b 细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知， harrison品尝冰淇淋的第一步是加热到大约12f.，故选b。7.a 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍一个很酷的职业-冰淇淋品尝师，故选a。考点：考查日常生活类短文阅读。clast nights meteor (流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers. according to gabe rothschild, emerald valleys mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky. what they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.“my family was so frustrated,” admitted town resident duane cosby, “we wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointment.”astronomers-scientists who study stars and planets-have been complaining about this problem for decades. they say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. they call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.there is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. this population consists of birds, bats frogs, snakes, etc. for example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating (迁徙的) birds. according to the international dark-sky association, “100 million birds a year throughout north america die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”countless more animals casualties（伤亡）result from the use of artificial lighting. clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans, too. they worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase persons chances of getting cancer.emerald valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. for years, flagstaff, arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the lowell observatory. similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.8. it happened last night that_.a. the city light show attracted many people b. the meteors flew past before being noticed c. the citys lights affected the meteor watching d. the meteor watching ended up a social outing9.what is the author concerned about according to paragraph 4? a. birds may take other migration paths. b. animals survival is threatened by outdoor lighting. c. varieties of animals will become sharply reduced. d. animals living habits may change suddenly. 10.lighting regulations in flagstaff, arizona are put into effect to_.a. lessen the chance of getting cancer b. enable all creatures to live in harmony c. ensure citizens a good sleep at night d. create an ideal observation condition 11.what message does the author most want to give us?a. human activities should be environmentally friendly. b. great efforts should be made to save energy. c. saving wildlife is saving ourselves. d. new equipment should be introduced for space study.【答案】 8.c9.b10.d11.a【解析】试题分析: 本文从由于城市的光线太强影响人们看流星雨，谈到光污染给动物及人类带来的危害，最后想告诉人们节约能量。8.c 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，what they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.由于城市的光线太强，使得流星雨的亮度减弱，影响了人们看流星雨，故选d。9.b 细节理解题。根据第四段this population consists of birds, bats frogs, snakes, etc. for example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating (迁徙的) birds.户外光线严重影响迁徙的鸟，可知作者担心鸟的生命受到户外光线的威胁，故选b。10.d 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段for years, flagstaff, arizona, has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the lowell observatory可知，flagstaff, arizona,实施光控制是为了帮助lowell 观测站的天文学家创造更好的观察环境，故选d。11.a 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要想告诉我们人类活动应该对环境友好，故选a。考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。 da terrible competition is going on in england, with billions of dollars and hundreds of lives at risk. ok, thats not true. but competitors from around the world gathered on thursday for the annual competition to compete for the worlds biggest person who tells lies. each participant is given up to five minutes to make up the best fib in the contest, which was founded in honor of 19th-century bridge inn landlord will ritson, who was reportedly famous for his lies. competitors gather at the bridge inn every year for the competition, a small pub in northwestern england. anyone but lawyers and politicians can take part in the competition. a study found that nearly all lies are detectable (可检测的) through visible facial muscle reactions in the person telling a lie. “thus, while interpersonal cheat often is highly successful, signs of hidden emotional states are communicated clearly to the informed observer,” the study concluded. a churchman of carlisle reportedly holds what may be the greatest lie of all time in the competition, simply stating, “i have never told a lie in my life.” in 2003, abrie krueger from south africa became the first one to win the competition. in 2006, comedian sue perkins became the first female to win the competition, telling a tale about people riding camels to work as a result of climate change. 12.why does the author tell a lie at the beginning of the passage? a. he likes telling lies. b. he intends to talk about a contest.c. lies can be detected by someone. d. nearly everyone has told lies. 13.what does the underlined word “fib” in paragraph 2 probably mean? a. experience.b. story.c. lie. d. plot.14.who cant take part in the competition? a. lawyers & politicians. b. reporters & editors. c. doctors & teachers. d. students & managers.15.whats the authors main purpose of this passage? a. to explain how to deal with lies. b. to invite people to take part in the competition.c. to discuss how to avoid telling lies. d. to introduce a strange competition.【答案】 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。snow falls in the earths extreme north and south throughout the year. however, the heaviest snowfalls have been reported in the mountains of other areas during winter. snow is even known to fall near the equator (赤道), but only on the highest mountains.snow contains much less water than rain, but much of the water the world uses comes from snow. 16 in the western united states, mountain snow provides up to seventy-five percent of all surface water supplies. snowfall helps to protect plants and some wild animals from winter weather. fresh snow is made largely of air trapped among the snow crystals (晶体). because the air has trouble moving, the movement of heat is limited. 17 the surface of the snow takes in, or absorbs, sound waves. as snow grows older or if there have been strong winds, it can become hard and flat. then, the snows surface will help to send back sound waves. 18 it is responsible for the deaths of hundreds of people. many people die in traffic accidents on roads covered with snow and ice or from being seriously stuck in the winter storm. 19 people may not be able to avoid living in areas where it snows often. however, they can avoid becoming victims of snowstorms. people should stop driving and stay at home until the storm has passed. people living in these areas should carry emergency supplies in their vehicle. 20 a. these include food, emergency medical supplies, and extra clothing to stay warm and dry.b. snow also influences the movement of sound waves.c. melting snow provides water for rivers, electric power stations and agricultural crops.d. mountain snowfall is heavier than that in the south and the north poles.e. in many places, streets were blocked; houses fell down and supplies were short.f. others die from heart attacks caused by too much physical activity out in the cold.g. snow may be beautiful, but it can be deadly. 【答案】 16.c17b18.g19.f20a【解析】试题分析: 16.c 考查对上下文语境的理解。空前的意思是：世界上使用的大部分水来自于雪，这里选c（融化的雪为河流，电能站及农作物提供水。）与上下文一致。17.b考查对上下文语境的理解。空后的意思是：雪的表面吸收光波，所以这里选b（雪也影响光波的运动。）与上下文一致。18.g 考查对上下文语境的理解。空后的意思是：它应对数以百计的人的死负责任，很多人死于冰雪路面的交通事故，所以这里选g（ 雪或许很美丽，但是也是致命的。）与上下文一致。19.f考查对上下文语境的理解。 空前的意思是：很多人死于冰雪路面的交通事故或被困在冬季的暴风雨中。所以这里选f（其他一些死于寒冷天气太多户外活动引发的心脏病。）与上下文一致。20.a考查对上下文语境的理解。空前的意思是：住在这些地方的人们应该在车上带上应急物资。所以这里选a（这些包括食物，急救医疗用品以及一些衣服来保暖及防湿。）与上下文一致。考点：考查七选五短文。第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分75分）第一节：完形填空（共40小题；每小题1.5分，满分60分）阅读下面两篇短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。athis morning, as i was getting close to the supermarket, i saw a small 21 gathering around an elderly woman with blood under her face. i stopped and asked if i could 22 . i told her i was certified（授予证书的）in first aid. then i 23 someone for a first aid kit（工具箱）. but she didnt want help, saying she was fine. but she wasnt fine. i asked her to 24 with me and we 25 about her routine of getting groceries. people brought out ice packs, water and paper towels from the 26 nearby. i put on the gloves from the first aid kit, and cleaned her up a bit, but 27 i just talked to her and held her hand.two 28 happened to be passing by and 29 to help check her out a bit. finally, after ten minutes the 30 arrived and i talked to the emergency medical team and they _31 .i was certified in first aid years back, and i got re-certified a month ago, but i never 32 it once. however, i realized being certified isnt 33 about providing the aid. i didnt stop the bleeding. i didnt 34 to examine her. mostly it was about providing comfort for people in a difficult 35 . the certification gave me the 36 to do that: to kneel on the sidewalk, holding an old womans hand, and to help make those _ 37 few minutes just a little bit better.if youre not certified in first aid, i cant 38 it strongly enough. it takes four hours of your time at your 39 red cross. with what youll 40 , maybe youll be able to help someone like the old lady one day.21.a. peopleb. crowdc. trafficd. public 22. a. help outb. look outc. watch outd. make out23.a. paidb. scoldedc. appliedd. sent 24.a. accompanyb. walkc. stayd. shop25.a. talkedb. caredc. lookedd. quarreled26.a. hotelb. officec. stationd. supermarket 27. a. simplyb. maybec. mostlyd. extremely28.a. policemen b. doctorsc. clerksd. volunteers 29.a. refusedb. wokec. layd. stopped 30.a. driver b. familyc. ambulanced. officer31.a. operated onb. took overc. ran awayd. turned up 32.a. usedb. noticedc. likedd. met33.a. hopefully b. possiblyc. necessarilyd. commonly34.a. wantb. tryc. permitd. teach 35. a. placeb. positionc. lifed. situation 36.a. harmb. wishc. lessond. confidence 37.a. scary b. movingc. confusingd. friendly38.a. support b. demandc. recommendd. explain39.a. localb. nationalc. formald. private40.a. recognize b. learnc. allowd. offer 【答案】21.b22.a23d24.c25.a26.d27.c28.b29.d30.c31.b32.a33.c34.b35.d36.d37.a38.c39.a40.b【解析】 试题分析：本文通过“我”帮助一个生命有危险的老妇人的故事，劝告人们学习急救知识来帮助那些需要救助的病人。其实急救并不是很难学的，我们只需要在他人最困难的时候给予安慰和陪伴即可.21b考查名词以及对语境的理解。我看到一小堆人聚集在一个满脸是血的年迈的老妇人周围。people 人们；crowd 一群人；public 公众；traffic 交通。根据上下文可知 a small 后面只能跟crowd为习惯用法，意为一小部分人。其他词前不能用a 表达词义。故选b。22. a 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。句意：我停下来问我是否能帮帮忙。help out 帮忙；look out 注意；watch out 当心； make out辨认出，理解。在这里应该是看到有病人，我主动提出帮忙，而且下文第四行也出现了短语help out，故选 a。23. d考查动词以及对语境的理解。句意：然后我派人去拿急救箱。paid .for 为. .付钱；applied.for 申请； scolded.for 责备. .为. .；sent.for派人去取（东西）、派人去请（某人）。根据句意判断，应该是派人去取。故选d。24. c考查动词以及对语境的理解。句意：但是她的情况很不好。我请她和我呆在一起。accompany 陪伴，陪同；walk走；stay with 和. .在一起；shop 购物；根据句意判断是我和病人呆在一起。故选c。25. a考查动词以及对语境的理解。句意：我们谈了她日常买杂货的路线。talk about讨论； look看；care关心；quarrel about 争吵。根据后面买的东西判断是找最近的买东西的地方。根据句意和本段最后一句talk判断是谈论而不是其他活动。故选a。26. d考查名词以及对语境的理解。句意：人们从附近的超市拿来冰块、水和纸巾。hotel旅馆；office 办公室；station 车站；supermarket 超市。根据前面所列举的东西判断应该是超市里物品齐全，最合适。故选d。27. c考查副词以及对语境的理解。句意：我带上从急救箱里带来的手套，然后给她清理干净些，但是主要是和她说话，抓着她的手。 simply 简单地；maybe 也许、可能；mostly 主要地；extremely极其，非常。根据句意和第