高中英语 Unit2 English around the world语法突破重点提炼 新人教版必修1.doc

人教新课标版高一必修1重点提炼：unit2 english around the world语法突破祈使句直接引语变间接引语当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式，并在不定式的前面加上ask, order, tell等转述动词，如果祈使句为否定式，在不定式的前面加上not。1. 一般变化(1) 如果直接引语是表示命令、请求的祈使句，通常将祈使句的动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加上动词ask, tell, order, advise, invite, request, warm, beg, command, encourage等，其中动词的使用须视句义与说话者当时的语气或态度而定。注意：a. 间接引语中引述动词不能用say。b. 如果祈使句是否定形式，则不定式前加上否定词never或not。c. 祈使句中的please在间接引语中必须省去。(2)非祈使句形式的请求、命令等的直接引语变为间接引语，变法同上。“please sit down and have a rest.” she said to us.= she asked us to sit down and have a rest.【点拨】依据说话者的语气，注意转述动词的选择。2. 特殊变化（1）若直接引语是表示“建议”的祈使句或疑问句，通常变为 “suggested+宾语从句(或动名词)”结构he said, “lets go to the park.”= he suggested(our) going to the park.【点拨】表示建议、要求、劝告的祈使句都可以用此句型。（2）直接引语是感叹句时，间接引语可以用what或how引导，也可以用that引导she said, “what a lovely day it is!”=she said what a lovely day it was.=she said that it was a lovely day.【应用落实】1. the teacher asked us _ so much noise.a. dont make b. not make c. not making d. not to make2. please dont stamp the grass. pardon? i _ stamp the grass.a. tell you dont b. tell you not to c. told you didnt d. told you not to3. “did you read the book last week？” he said. he _ _ i had read the book the week _.4. he said， “you can sit here， jim.” he _ jim that he _ sit there5. he asked， “how did you find it， mother？” he asked her mother _ _ _ found it.6. “where have you been these days？” he asked.he asked me _ _ _ been _ days.7 “do you know where she lives？” he asked. he asked _ _ knew where she _.8. “keep quiet， children.” he said. he _ the children _ _ quiet.9. “dont look out of the window，” she said. she told me _ _ _ out of the window.10. “are you interested in this？” he said. he _ _ i was interested in _. 【参考答案】1【解析】答案d。考查ask后面复合宾语的用法，即ask somebody to do以及不定式的否定形式，即not to do。2. 【解析】答案d。考查时态。根据情景，应意为“我刚才告诉你”，故主体时态应是i told you；另外应注意的一点和上题一样，即不定式的否定式是not to do。3【解析】答案asked，if （whether）， before.当直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时said应改为asked，然后加上连接词if或whether；时间状语last week 改为the week before.4. 【解析】答案told，could.根据句意第一空应用动词told；直接引语中含有情态动词can，变为间接引语时应改为 could.5. 【解析】答案how, she，had.如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍用how引导，疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，一般过去时改为过去将来时。6. 【解析】答案where，i，had，those.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍用where引导，疑问句语序改为陈述句语序，现在完成时改为过去完成时，指示代词these相应地变为those.7. 【解析】答案if（whether），i，lived.直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时应用if或whether引导，人称you和动词时态lives也相应地变为i 和lived。8. 【解析】答案told, to，keep.如直接引语为肯定的祈使句时，在变为间接引语时，可使用ask tell, order sb to do sth这一结构进行转换。9. 【解析】答案not,to，look.如直接引语为否定的祈使句时，在变为间接引语时，可使用ask tell, order sb not to d