Blank Filling 2.doc

Blank Filling 2Gestures _1_ signals, and these signals must come across clearly if we are to understand their messages. They cannot afford to be _2_; they must be sharp and difficult to confuse with other signals. To do this they have to develop a “typical form ” that shows comparatively little _3_. And they must be performed with “typical _4_”, showing much the same speed, strength and scope on each occasion that they are brought into action.It is rather like the ringing of a telephone bell. The signal goes on sounding at fixed _5_ at a fixed volume and with a fixed sound, no matter how urgent the call. No one confuse a telephone bell with a front door or an alarm clock. Its fixed form and its fixed intensity make it unmistakable. The process is at work in human gesture. When an angry man shakes his fist, the chances are that the speed, force and scope of each shake, as the fist jerks back and forth in mid-air are much the same on each occasion that he employs this gesture. And there is a reasonable _6_ that his speed, force and scope will be similar to those of any other fist-shaker. If you were to perform a fist-shaking gesture in which you slowed down the movement, _7_ the force, and increased the distance travelled by the clenched fist, it is doubtful it your signal would be understood. And onlooker might imagine you were exercising your arm, but it is doubtful if he would read the message as a threat _8_. Most of our gestures have grown into typical _9_ of this kind. We all wave in much the same way. This is not a conscious process. We simply _10_ in to the cultural norm.A) display B) tune C) transmit D) transparent E) depth F) intervals G) vague H) tone I) presentation J) intensify K) likelihood L) demonstration M) decreased N) pause O)variation Key: 1. C 2. G 3. O 4. J 5. F 6. K 7. M 8. A 9. I 10. BBlank Filling 3Comparatively speaking, Americans give gifts on a relatively small number of occasions and to a relatively small _1_ of people. Since offering gifts to people who do not expect them can cause mutual _2_ and can even lead to the _3_ that the gift-giver has the intention of influencing the _4_ in an improper way, foreign visitors should be aware of Americans practices with _5_ to gifts.Generally, Americans give gifts to relatives and close friends. Frequently they give gifts to _6_. They do not _7_ give gifts to teachers, business colleagues, or other people who might be in a position to grant or _8_ favorable treatment (such as a good grade in class or a contract for a sale). In fact, giving gifts to these people can be thought of as an improper effort to gain favor.Christmas comes close to being a national gift-giving day in America. Except for those who observe non-Christmas religion, Americans _9_ Christmas gifts with relatives, schoolmates, and close friends. Other gift-giving occasions are days that are special to the recipient: birthdays, graduation, weddings, and childbirth. A “house-warming” gift is sometimes given to people who have moved into a new home.American try to select a gift they believe the recipient could put to use or would enjoy. People are not expected to give expensive gifts unless they can _10_ afford them. A) embarrassment B) applicants C) circle D) withhold E) normally F) indication G) acquire H) regard I) readily J) consequently K) exchange L) preserve M) hostesses N) recipient O)suspicion Key: 1. C 2. A 3. O 4. N 5. H 6. M 7. E 8. D 9. K 10. IBlank Filling 4The many enthusiastic users of e-mail find it very useful _1_ for conducting business and for socializing fast and _2_. Although e-mail messages are written, they share _3_ with telephone calls; e-mail has a few advantages, as well as some disadvantages, in _4_ to telephone.E-mail is often used for quick exchanges of news, information, and schedules that would _5_ occur over the telephone. While it lacks the added richness of vocal _6_ and the immediate and interactive qualities of a telephone conversation, it avoids the _7_ of a telephone tag. Moreover, both parties to an e-mail exchange can deal with the communication at times convenient for them, without _8_ into other business. Many people find it hard to ignore a ringing telephone, even when they are in the middle of something else. E-mail messages arrive with little or no notice and will wait _9_. If both parties check their e-mail reasonably frequently each day, can exchange can be completed within a few hours and with _10_ inconvenience. A) otherwise B) interruption C) maximum D) medium E) characteristics F) disturbances G) minimum H) indefinitely I) frequently J) comparison K) inflection L) qualities M) annoyance N) conveniently O) contrary Key: 1. D 2. N 3. E 4. J 5. A 6. K 7. M 8. B 9. H 10. KBlank Filling 5It was curios how often sympathy for the old and infirm takes a form which actually _1_ them. Their friends, or more _2_, wisdom to show good will, paw them, sometimes learning forward to rearrange their neckwear, pulling at their shawl, touching their hair or _3_ their faces-things they would never presume to do, unasked, to one of their _4_.An equally humiliating habit of many people who are quite _5_ of being rude is to talk about old people in front of them, as if they were not there, discussing their health, or making _6_ remarks on the lines of “Well, nurse, has she been a good girl today?”It is now _7_ accepted that children should be encouraged to do as much as they can for themselves in order to develop their brains and muscles, but so few people today seem to have time to allow the elderly the same means of keeping their minds and muscles active. With what they believe to be unselfish kindness they perform _8_ services for them that they would be much better left to do, even with a struggle, for themselves. Convenient flats, well-run homes, “motherly” visitors, or organized _9_ cannot make up for the fundamental need with much be satisfied- the need to _10_ to the end of life human dignity and the respect of ones fellows. A) playful B) retain C) unconscious D) installments E) innumerable F) naughty G) contemporaries H) patting I) contain J) entertainments K) universally L) clapping M) colleagues N) humiliates O) acquaintances Key: 1. N 2.O 3. H 4. G 5. C 6. A 7. K 8. E 9. J 10. BBlank Filling 6The main reason for developing a better vocabulary is to receive and send out thoughts better. No just words-but ideas that words _1_. The person with a good vocabulary is impressive, its true. But he or she is also better able to get across and understand _2_ thoughts.The power of words is so strong that it can even influence the way you see the world. Words not only _3_ your thoughts, in some cases they can help form them. For example, a certain American tribe does not have _4_ words in its language for yellow and orange. As a result its members cannot _5_ because the two colors. Their language or vocabulary-decides what they “see”. Words give you the building blocks with which you think. How many times have you been unable to tell your _6_ whats wrong with your car because you lack the vocabulary? How accurately can you describe a sunset of your vocabulary only includes light and dark?However, simple words do no mean a simple mind. Many adults have _7_ thoughts. But those thoughts come out garbled (混乱不清的) and too simple because of a small vocabulary. They have no choices but to use the same words to express too many different kinds of thoughts. Results: poor communication. These adults with small vocabularies just cannot express the _8_ of meaning. They may have, however, as much depth and _9_ as their more well-spoken friends.Your vocabulary is your power. It determines the shape and size of your world. It tells you who you can or cannot talk with. It says what books you can read and which ideas you can understand. It is your main _10_ to other people. A) mature B) implication C) mechanic D) indicate E) distinguish F) reflect G) subtle H) link I) represent J) individual K) insight L) separate M) shades N) connection O) complexKey: 1. I 2.O 3. F 4. L 5. E 6. C 7. A 8. M 9. K 10. HBlank Filling 7It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday _1_, the bases for the decision we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are be found in our past experience, which are brought into the present by memory.Memory can be _2_ as the capacity to keep information _3_ for late use. It includes not only “remembering” things like arithmetic or historic facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal _4_ behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because h