八上英语知识点汇总.doc

八上英语知识点汇总12届英语组Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 第二单元 万丽1. go on vacation 去度假 2.stay at home 待在家里 3.go to the mountains 去爬山 4. go to the beach 去海滩 5. visit museums 参观博物馆 6. go to summer camp 去参加夏令营7.quite a few 相当多 8.study for 为而学习 9.go out 出去 10.most of the time 大部分时间 11. taste good 尝起来很好吃 12.have a good time 玩得高兴 13. of course 当然 14.feel like 给的感觉；感受到 15.go shopping 去购物 16.in the past 在过去 17. walk around 四处走走 18. because of 因为 19. one bowl of 一碗 20. the next day 第二天 21. drink tea 喝茶 22. find out 找出； 查明 23. go on 继续 24.take photos 照相 25. something important 重要的事 26. up and down 上上下下 27. come up 出来 28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 29. taste + adj. 尝起来 30. look+adj. 看起来 31.nothingbut+动词原形 除了之外什么都没有 32.seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来 33. arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地 34.decide to do sth. 决定去做某事35. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 /36. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 37. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事/38. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 39. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 40. want to do sth. 想去做某事 41. start doing sth. 开始做某事 42. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 43. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 44. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 45. Why not do. sth.? 为什么不做呢？46. so+adj.+that+从句 如此以至于 47. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 Unit2 How often do you exercise? 1 help with housework 帮助做家务 2 on weekends 在周末 3 how often 多久一次 4 hardly ever 几乎从不5 once a week 每周一次 6 twice a month 每月两次 7 every day 每天 8 be free 有空 9 go to the movies 去看电影 10 use the Internet 用互联网 11 swing dance 摇摆舞 12 play tennis 打网球 13 stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚 14 at least 至少 15 have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 16 go to bed early 早点睡觉 17 play sports 进行体育活动 18 be good for 对有好处 19 go camping 去野营 20 notat all 一点儿也不 21 in ones free time 在某人的业余时间 22 the most popular 最受欢迎的23 such as 比如；诸如 24 old habits die hard 积习难改 25 go to the dentist 去看牙医 26 morn than 多于；超过 27 less than 少于 28 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 29 How about? .怎么样？/ 好不好？30 want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 31 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少? 32 主语+find+that从句. 发现 33 spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光 34 Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的的。 35 ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 36 by doing sth. 通过做某事 37 Whats your favorite? 你最喜爱的是什么？语言点归纳：Unit11. We had great fun playing in the water. 我们在水中玩得很高兴。have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很高兴 = enjoy oneself We had a lot of fun swimming in the sea.I have great fun talking with that little girl. 练一练(1) I have a good time on the beach. ( 同义句)I _ _ on the beach. (2) We have fun _(sing) and _( dance).2. I found a small boy crying in the corner. 我发现一个小男孩在角落里哭。find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事He sat down and watched Wang Wang play with a friend black cat. 感官动词 see, hear, feel, watch, listen to, look at, find （1）感官动词+ 宾语+ 动词原形 强调看到/听到整个动作，或整个事件或行为的全过程 （2）感官动词+ 宾语+ 现在分词 强调看到/听到行动或事件正在进行 I saw him cross the street. 我看见他过了马路。（从一边到另一边） I saw him crossing the street. 我看见他正过马路。（正在马路中间走着）3. That made me feel very happy. 那使我感到很愉快。make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事使役动词 have, let, make 后跟不带to的不定式作宾补Let me help you.Ill have him bring some water.Unit2 1. How often do you exercise ? How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth. ? 疑问词how often是问频率(多经常), 在这里助动词do(does或did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用 Once a week / Three times a month / Three or four times a month . 2. as for.意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。如As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。 (1). _(至于，关于) clothes, she likes clothes in fashion.3. want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”； want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如： Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看电影吗？ The teacher doesnt want us to eat hamburgers.老师不想让我们吃汉堡包。练习： His mother wants him _ at home today. A. stays B. stayed C. to stay D. staying4. be good for.表示“对有益（有好处）”。其反义为：be bad for.。后接名词、代词或动名词；be good at意为“擅长”，后接名词、代词或ving形式。be good with意为“灵巧的；与相处得好”；be good to意为“对友好。5. try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思 / try doing sth. 表示“ （用某一办法）试着去做某事”。 如:Youd better try doing the experiment in another way. 你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。 7. be the same as 和一样 / 反义词： be different from 和不同 8. kind of = a little / a kind of 意思是“一种”9. keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy =be healthy 保持健康That sounds interesting. 这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得） , get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如： It tastes good. 这味道好。 The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。10.although意思是“虽然，尽管” 引导的从句不能与but, however连用，但可与yet, still连用 。 although不能指假设的情况，不能作副词，放在词尾。Unit 3 Im more outing than my sister. 韩云龙目标语言：Talk about personal traits; Compare people语法：Comparative Forms of Adjectives and Adverbs1. 构成（1） 规则变化 一般在词尾加er；以e结尾的加r；重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母再加er; 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，把y该成i再加er；多音节词和部分双音节词在前加more. (2) 不规则变化2. 用法：表示两者（人或物）的比较.在“比较级+than”的句型中，当than前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词.该动词或助动词可以省略.3. 表示两者在某一方面相同时，用“as+adj/adv原级+as”的句型.表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时，用“not as/so+ adj/adv原级+as”的句型.4. 在形容词和副词的比较级前，可以用much, a little/bit/lot, even, far, still等修饰.5. 选择疑问句 Which/Who/When/Who + be +比较级，A or B?知识点：hard-working, asas/ not as/soas, singing competition, fantastic, with(带有、具有某种特征), tell(告诉、讲述、吩咐命令、辨别区分), win, be talented in/ have a talent for, the sameas, be good at=do well in, care about/for, take care, take care of, make sb. do, make sb./ sth. adj., laugh at sb., both, be serious about, nothing serious, thats why, It is adj. for sb. to do sth., as long as, necessary, bring out the best in sb., get better grades, if, saying, reach for your hand伸手帮你一把, touch your heart打动你的心令你感动, put ones heart into, in fact, share with, be there不离左右, be similar to, a piece of information, get the jobUnit 4 Whats the best movie theater? 韩云龙目标语言：Discuss preferences; Make comparisons语法: Superlative Forms of Adjectives and Adverbs1. 构成 一般在词尾加est；以e结尾的加st；重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母再加est; 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，把y该成i再加est；多音节词和部分双音节词在前加most. (2) 不规则变化 2. 用法：表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面可用of/in短语等来说明比较的范围。形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省去。知识点： comfortable seats, sit, best sound, be close to, in town, so far, the freshest food, You can sit the most comfortable, thanks for doing sth., service, pretty(adv. 十分相当), menu, meal, 10 minutes by bus, talented, watch sb. do/doing, around the world, haveinn common, have nothing in common, look for, try (not) to do, and so on, join/join in/take part in, Thats up to you to decide, be up to, play a role in doing sth., not与不定代词连用表示部分否定, make up, for example, takeserious, make ones dream come true=achieve/realize ones dreamUnit6Imgoingtostudycomputerscience. 杨瑞知识梳理短语归纳短语atauniversity在大学studyhard努力学习takesinging/actinglessons上唱歌/表演课 movetoaplace搬去某地sendsthto把某物送到某地growup成长；长大everyday每天besureabout对有把握makesure确信；务必beableto能themeaningof的意思differentkindsof不同种类的writedown写下；记下havetodowith关于；与有关系takeup开始做；学着做hardlyever几乎不；很少tooto太而不能/太以至于不能begoingto+动词原形打算做某事practicedoing练习做某事keepondoingsth.不断地做某事learntodosth.学会做某事finishdoingsth.做完某事promisetodosth.许诺去做某事helpsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事remembertodosth.记住做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事lovetodosth.喜爱做某事wanttodosth.想要做某事promisetodosth.承诺做某事makeapromise许下承诺keep on继续 at the beginning of 在的开始语法归纳：知识点解析begoingto的用法begoingto+动词原形表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow,nextyear等时间状语或when引导的时间状语从句连用。各种句式变换都借助be动词完成，be随主语有am,is,are的变换，goingto后接动词原形。肯定句：主语+begoingto+动词原形+其他。eg:Heisgoingtotakethebusthere.否定句：主语+benotgoingto+动词原形+其他eg:Imnotgoingtoseemyfriendsthisweekend.一般疑问句：Be+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他肯定回答：Yes,主语+be.否定回答：No,主语+benot.eg:Areyougoingtoseeyourfriendsthisweekend?Yes,Iam./No,Imnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？eg:Whatishegoingtodothisweekend?Whenareyougoingtoseeyourfriends?2)如果表示计划去某地，可直接用begoingto+地点WearegoingtoBeijingforaholiday.表示位置移动的动词，如go,come,leave等常用进行时表示将来。Thebusiscoming.MyauntisleavingforBeijingnextweek.Unit 7 Will people have robots? 朱文本单元重点词组1. live to be 200 years old 活到200 岁2. live on the earth居住在地球上3. live on a space station 生活在空间站4. live with somebody 和某人生活在一起5. use the subway less更少使用地铁6. very big and crowded非常大而拥挤7. prediction about the future关于未来的预测8. a book about the future一本关于未来的书9. in the future在未来10. be more crowded and polluted 更拥挤，更污染11. be in (great) danger处于（巨大的）危险中12. have to do something不得不做13. fly to other planets飞到另外的星球14. play a part in saving the earth在拯救地球中起重要作用15. blue skies蓝色的天空16. spend time together on weekends周末在一起度过17. fly rockets to the moon飞火箭到月球18. an apartment across the street from here这条街道的对面的公寓19. watch movies about the future看关于未来的电影20. human servants人类仆人21. do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places做那些在又脏又危险的地方的工作22. do simple jobs over and over again反反复复做证简单的工作23. help to do something帮助做24. get bored变得厌倦25. make robots look more like humans使机器人看起来象人类26. disagree with somebody不同意某人的意见27. agree with somebody同意某人的意见28. If buildings fall down with people inside要是楼房倒塌，把人压在里面29. look for 寻找30. at some point, 在一定的时候，31. do the same things as we can 做我们能做的事情32. keep a bird养鸟33. look less smart看起来没有那么漂亮34. take a holiday度假35. the meanings of words单词的意思36. fresh water淡水37. clean air清新的空气38. clean the kitchen打扫厨房39. fly up in to the sky飞上天空40. in the world在世界上41. pretty far from离相当远重要句子1. Are you kidding?你开玩笑吧？2. Will people have robots?人们会拥有机器人吗？Yes, they will. / No, they wont. 3. Everything will be free.一切都将是免费的。4. Books will only be on computers, not on paper.书将会只存在于电脑上，而不是在纸上。5. Theyll study at home on computers.他们将在家里的电脑上学习。6. There will be only one country in the world.世界上将只有一个国家。7. There will be less pollution.污染将更少。8. What will the future be like?未来会象什么样子？9. We never know what will happen in the future.我们永远不知道未来将会发生什么。10. And my apartment will be no good for pets.我的公寓将不适合于宠物。11. I think so.我认为是这样。12. I dont think so.这认为不是这样。13. I hope so.我希望如此。14. I hope not我希望不这样。15. In 50 years, people will have more free time because there will be less things to do.50年后，人们将有更多的空闲时间，因为他们会有更少的事情做。16. In 20 years, I think Ill be a newspaper reporter. 20 年以后，我想我会成为一个报社记者。17. However, some scientists believe that although we can make robots move like people, it will be difficult to make them really think like a human.然而，一些科学家相信，尽管我们能够让机器人象人类一样运动，但让他们象人类一样真正地思考却很困难。18. For example, scientist James White thinks that robots will never be able to wake up and know where they are.例如，科学家James White 认为，机器人将不能够清醒得知道他们身处何处。19. This was not possible 20 years ago, but computers and rockets also seemed impossible 100 years ago. 这在20年前是不可能的，但是计算机和火箭在100年前也是看起来不可能的。20. You should also remember that there will be both good and bad things in life.你也应该记住，生活中有好事也有坏事。21. As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of people.作为一个记者，我想我会遇到许多人。22. During the week, Ill wear smart clothes. 在周日期间，我将穿漂亮的衣服。23. Ill have fewer pets, though, because Ill have less free time.我将养更少的宠物，因为我将有更少的空闲时间。24. Some robots are very human-like/ bird-like /ball-like / dog-like. 有些机器人象真人/鸟儿/ 球/狗一样。25. Im not scared（afraid）.我不怕语法：一般将来时一、定义。 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。常常与表示将来的时间状语？(tomorrow, next Sunday next year next month in a week .)连用。二.构成一般将来时常用的表达形式共有五种，现归纳如下：(1)will或shall表示。“主语+助动词will或shall动词原形”这一形式，表示将来发生的事情，用于征求对方的意见或表示客气的邀请。（shall 常用于第一人称后） 1. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 明天就是星期天。 2. The rain will stop soon. 雨很快就要停了。 3. Shall we go there at five? 我们五点钟去那儿，好吗？ 4. Will you please open the door? 请你把门打开，好吗？（2）、用be going to结构表示。“主语+be going to动词原形”用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算；就要”。如：1. Were going to meet outside the school gate. 我们打算在校门口见面。2. Look! Its going to rain. 瞧！快下雨了。（3）、用现在进行时表示。表示位置转移的动词（如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等），可用现在进行时表示将来时。如：1. Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要来了。2. Theyre leaving for Beijing. 他们即将前往北京。（4）、用一般现在时表示。根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作，在时间和if条件状语从句中，都可用一般现在时表示将来时。如：1. The new term starts (begins) on August 29th. 新学期八月二十九日开学。2. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我们将出去野餐。（5）、用“be动词不定式”或用“be about to 动词原形”的结构表示。如：1. He is to visit Japan next year. 明年他将访问日本。2. Theyre about to leave. (=Theyre leaving.) 他们就要走了。三标志：tomorrow next year next week in five years 等表示将来的时间状语。Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake? 朱文一短语归纳：1.turnon打开、接通 2.cutup=cut .into pieces切碎 3.milkshake奶昔4.addto把加到上 5.twospoonsof两匙. 6.howmany/howmuch多少7.apieceof一片，一张，一条，一块，一首 8.coverwith用覆盖/盖着9.fillwith用把装满 10.makeabananamilkshake制作香蕉奶昔11.arecipefor.的食谱 12.atthistime在这时 13.acupofyogurt一杯酸奶14.needsomehelp需要一些帮助15.puton把放在的上面 16. pourinto/in把倒进里17.putinto把放到里 18.put/ place .on .把放到.上 19.make fruit salad 做水果沙拉20.on special holidays 在特别的节日里 21.traditional food 传统食物 22.give thanks for 对.给予感谢23.in the next autumn 在第二年秋天 24.have a big meal 吃大餐 25.the main dish of. .的主菜26.mix.with.把.和.混合 27.a few hours 几个小时 28. one by one 依次，一个接一个29.an onion 一个洋葱 30. at a very high temperature 在一个很高的温度31.one more thing 还有一件事 32.a long time 很长时间 二句型归纳：1.by doing sth 通过做某事2.a way to do sth=a way of doing sth 做某事的一种方式3.its time for sb to do sth 对某人来说到了该做某事的时间了4.how to do sth 如何做某事5.need to do sth 需要做某事6.forget to do sth 忘记做某事（未做）7.make +宾语+形容词 “使怎么样”8.let sb do sth 让某人做某事三重点语法：1.烹饪说明：First首先 Next接下来 Then然后 In the end/ at last/Finally 最后2. 祈使句用法：祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。（1）肯定的祈使句：动词原形+其他 Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.请起立。Be+adj. ：Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!小心/当心！Lets+动词原形 Letsgotoschooltogether.咱们一起上学去吧。（2）否定的祈使句Dont+动词原形 Dontstandup.别站起来。Lets(letsb)+not+动词原形（3）祈使句的反意疑问句肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用willyou或wontyou。Pleaseopenthedoor,will/wontyou?请把门打开，好吗？否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用willyou。Dontbelateagain,willyou?别再迟到了，行不行？以lets开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shallwe。LetsturnontheTV,shallwe?我们把电视打开，好吗3.How many +可数名词复数 询问数量 How much +不可数名词 询问数量，另外还可以询问价格4. 可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如：twoapples,fourbooks等。不可数名词前通常用单位词+of来表示数量。如：apieceofpaper,threepiecesofpaper等Unit 9 Can you come to my party? 郭晓燕IKey words: prepare 准备 catch 抓住 invite 邀请 accept 接受 refuse 拒绝 reply 回答invitation 邀请 preparation 准备 exam 考试concert 音乐会 flu 流感 available 有空的sad 悲伤的 glad 高兴的 surprised 吃惊的II. Key phrases：come to my party 来参加舞会 prepare for an exam 准备考试 have the flu 感冒 another time 改时间 too much homework 太多作业 hang out 闲逛notuntil. 直到才 the day before yesterday 前天the day after tomorrow 后天 have a piano lesson上钢琴课look after 照顾 play tennis with sb 和某人打排球accept an invitation接受邀请 make an invitation 发出邀请turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请 have a great idea 有个好主意 take a trip to 旅行 help out 帮忙摆脱困境go back to 追溯到 miss sb 思念某人have a surprise party for sb 给某人一个惊喜聚会so that 结果 look forward to 期望 hear from sb 收到某人的来信 in the school hall 在学校大厅III. Key sentences:1.Jenny，can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon？ Sure，Id love to.“Can you”可用来向别人发出邀请或询问对方能否做某事，其肯定答语通常是：Sure，Id love to. Certainly. Of course, I can.等。否定答语常用：Id love to, but I have to Sorry, I have to Im sorry, I cant. 等。2Maybe another time.Another作形容词，意为“又一的，再一的”，用法为：another+可数名词单数；another+数词+可数名词复数。3. Whats today? Its Monday the 14th.(1)我们常用“Whats today？”来询问日期。询问日期还可以用以下句型： What day is it today? What day of the week is it today?(2) 日期的表达法： 9月10日： September 10 September 10th 5月12 日 星期一：Monday May the twelfth在英式英语中，日期的表达顺序为“日月年”, 但美式英语的顺序为 “月日年”.4. Please keep quiet.“keep+形容词”意为“保持某种状态”，这时keep是系动词。类似的说法还有：keep healthy 保持健康，keep open 开着，keep clean and tidy 保持干净、整洁等。5. Im free till 10:00 pm. (1) free 是形容词，意为“空闲的，有空的”，还可意为“免费的”。(2) till和