2014年高考英语试题分类汇编：阅读之新题型有解析.doc

2014全国高考汇编阅读新题型 一（2014安徽卷）第1节 任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。Many people believe that classical music is not relevant to young people today . However, this issue (问题) frequently causes heated debate.Some people say that classical music is associated only with old people .For example, if you look at the audience at a classical concert , the majority is over the age of fifty.Others say it is more popular than we first imagine . Many young people listen to classical music without realising .It is often used in films and advertisements. For example.a famous piece of classical music was used as the theme music for the 1990 World Cup . Not many people could have given its name , but millions enjoyed it .Also,some people point out that young people produce new music based on classical ideas: for example, it is said that rap(说唱)music was invented by a classical musician in 1912, but it is now used by young people in pop music.However, young people point to the fact that classical music has been outstripped(超越) by technology. To play a classical instrument, such as a violin, you need to study hard and practise for hours. Nowadays, you dont need to get aching arms from practising. A teenager can write and make music using a computer program in the comfort of their own bedroom.A final point to in mind is that the term classical music is used to refer to a great variety of music, from jazz to pieces for large orchestras(管弦乐队).This makes it even more difficult to say whether classical music is relevant to young people. So, it may be only a minority of young people who play classical instruments , but when it comes to enjoying classical music, it depends on the piece of music. It may be more relevant to young people in the modern world than they realise!TitleClassical MusicIntroductionThe issue of whether classical music is (76) to young people causes heated debate.OpinionsEvidence Classical music is associated only with old peonl. (77) of the audience at a classical concert are over fifty. Many young people dont (78) some music they listen to is classical. Classical music is often found in films and advertisements. Classical ideas provide a (79) for producing new music. Young people now (80) rap in popular music. (81) has put classical music at a disadvantage. A young man can write and make music on a computer (82) in his bedroom. “Classical music”can refer to various (83) of music. Classical music (84) from jazz to pieces for large orchestras.ConclusionClassical music may still be (85) by young people today.【答案】relevant 【试题解析】原词再现。根据文章第一段可知很多人都认为古典音乐和年轻人是无关的。但是这一说法引起了人们的热烈讨论。第一段第一句classical music is not relevant to young people可知本句应该选relevant。77. 【答案】most 【试题解析】同义词转换。根据第二段最后一句the majority is over the age of fifty.可知参加这样的演唱会的人主要都是50多岁的人，把majority换成了most，都表示“大部分的，主要的人”。78. 【答案】realize/know/recognize 【试题解析】词形转换。根据第三段第一句Many young people listen to classical music without realising .很多人在没有意识到的情况下都在听古典音乐。原文中使用的是动名词realizing的形式，本句中放在dont的后面，使用动词原形。79. 【答案】basis 【试题解析】同义词转换。根据第四段第一句young people produce new music based on classical ideas很多年轻人是在古典音乐的基础上创造新音乐的。也就是说古典音乐是很多心音乐的基础。故使用名词basis。80. 【答案】use 【试题解析】原词再现。根据第四段第二句it is said that rap(说唱)music was invented by a classical musician in 1912, but it is now used by young people in pop music.可知在现代音乐里年轻人使用了rap的形式。81. 【答案】technology 【试题解析】原词再现。根据第五段第一句young people point to the fact that classical music has been outstripped(超越) by technology.古典音乐正在被现代技术所超越。原文里使用的是被动语态，表格里使用了主动语态的形式。82. 【答案】comfortably 【试题解析】词性转换。根据第五段最后一行A teenager can write and make music using a computer program in the comfort of their own bedroom.年轻人可以在很舒服的卧室里使用电脑程序创造乐曲。原文使用的是名词comfort，表格里使用副词comfortably做状语修饰动词短语make music on a computer。83. 【答案】kinds/types/sorts 【试题解析】同义词转换。根据第六段第一句the term classical music is used to refer to a great variety of music古典音乐这个词被用来指各种各样的音乐。原文中使用a variety of各种各样的，表格里使用了various kinds/types/sorts of的形式。84. 【答案】ranges 【试题解析】同义句转换。根据第六段第一句the term classical music is used to refer to a great variety of music, from jazz to pieces for large orchestras(管弦乐队).古典音乐被用来指各种各样的音乐，东爵士乐到大型的管弦乐。动词短语range fromto从到变化。在句中做谓语部分。85. 【答案】 enjoyed/liked/loved 【试题解析】推理题。根据最后一段第二句when it comes to enjoying classical music, it depends on the piece of music.当谈及喜欢古典音乐的时候，要取决于那一首曲子。也就说古典音乐任然受到人们的喜爱。本句是一个被动语态的形式，故使用过去分词enjoyed/liked/loved。二（2014北京卷）第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。Evaluating Sources (来源) of health Information Making good choices about your own health requairs reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Resonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 71 Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determin whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 72 Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behaviour “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 73 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. 74 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术). 75 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.A. Make choice that are right for you. B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something.C. Be sure to work through the critical questions. D. And examine the findings of the original research.E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.71 【答案】G 【试题解析】根据下面及段中的第一句Go to the original source. 和Watch for misleading language.和Use your common sense.可知这些都是一些评估健康信息来源的建议。故G项符合上下文串联。72. 【答案】D 【试题解析】本段表示要找到信息最初的来源。要自己去找到原来真正报道的内容，要确认是通过很严肃的方法得到的确定的信息。故D项符合上下文串联。73. 【答案】F 【试题解析】本段的标题是：注意误导性的语言。有些研究发现某些行为与某种结果有关。那么作为读者我们要知道有些信息也许是错误的解释了，所以我们要细心阅读以求充分理解。故F项符合语境。74. 【答案】B 【试题解析】根据前面一句Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.可知要我们特别注意广告里包含的信息，因为广告里的信息是为了向我们出售一些内容，所以广告的信息很可能是不准确的。所以要当心江湖骗术。故B项符合语境。75. 【答案】A 【试题解析】根据下面两句可知朋友和家人可能是激励信息的主要来源，但是每个人都要找到一个起作用的健康的生活方式。也就是说要为自己选择合适的信息来源。故A正确。三（2014广东卷）阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息，请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。首先请阅读某大学提供给学生的项目信息：AB.In-Company ExperienceChallenging posts in industry for gap year students. Use your academic and interpersonal skills to improve a product or service provided by a top name company-and get paid for it! Camp WorldWork in camps for young people in one or more of the five continents. You help organize sports activities and other outdoor pursuits and you could end up with a qualification as an instructor.C.D.Community CareVolunteer work at home and abroad with the physically and mentally handicapped, the homeless, the elderly and orphans. Youll need to be committed, patient and sensitive to others. Academic Study YearSpend a whole year studying at a foreign university in Europe, the USA or even further afield, without the pressure of exams. Accommodation with local families. Grants available.E.F.Conservation InternationalConservation and research work with teams of volunteers on nature reserves in South America and Africa. Projects include monitoring wildlife, path building and water and soil conservation. Language Teachers AbroadTeach your own language or English in almost any country in the world. Class sizes vary from one to one hundred and resources can be basic, but your students will welcome you with open arms.46. I grow up in a very big family. My parents have raised twelve kids and I am their first-born. It has been my duty to help my mom take care of my brothers and sisters. To handle them, often I have to organize an outdoor activity, like a softball game. I must say that I have the potential to work as an instructor. 47. Last year, my dog got crippled after losing the fight to my neighbors bulldog. I rinsed its wound with some lotion and tied its leg with a stick. I had him take medicine every day for a full month. Finally he recovered. I think I can help the elderly and the disabled as well. I feel so good when I can offer help.48. I am a film buff. A big fan of Antonio Banderas. He is so wild and charming. Because of him, I fell in love with Spain. The Latin dance and the bullfight are really exciting. Oh, if only I could stay in Spain as an exchange student! I would be learning Spanish so well that I can watch a Spanish film with the dubbing.49. I had the experience of working as a social worker in Switzerland last summer. I love the country and its people. There are great mountains for climbers and the local people are so nice to strangers. I helped the kids with their English. My teaching skills improved greatly during my stay. Now Im well prepared to work as a language instructor.50. I spent my gap year traveling all over Africa last year. It was definitely an eye- opening experience. The exotic clothes and tribal dances of the people really fascinated me. But I was most amazed by the wildlife there. I really took great pleasure in watching those animals hunting their prey. You know, I specialize in zoology, and Im a good observer.46. 【答案】B 【试题解析】本部分中的我生活在一个大家庭里，很喜欢孩子。总是帮助妈妈照顾弟弟妹妹，组织一下户外活动。想成为一名教育者。B项中You help organize sports activities and other outdoor pursuits and you could end up with a qualification as an instructor.帮助组织户外活动，而且最后还可以取得一个资格证书，恰好符合46部分中我的要求。47. 【答案】C 【试题解析】本部分中的学生很有耐心和爱心，因为他曾经照顾受伤的小狗，帮助清洗伤口，上药。C项中Youll need to be committed, patient and sensitive to others.帮助那些老人需要的也正是耐心和一些医学上的知识。符合47部分的学生的情况。48. 【答案】D 【试题解析】本部分的学生是Antonio Banderas的拥趸，因此他很喜欢双宾语，拉丁舞等，而且希望能够成为西班牙的交换生。D部分Spend a whole year studying at a foreign university in Europe, the USA or even further afield, without the pressure of exams.提及可以到欧洲，美国孩子更远的地方去学习国外文化。西班牙可能也是其中之一的国家。所以符合48部分中学生的要求。49. 【答案】F 【试题解析】本部分的学生有在瑞士做社会工作者的经历，是一名英语老师，教学水平提高很快。F部分中Teach your own language or English in almost any country in the world到国外去教书，可以是你的母语，也可能是英语。符合F项中学生的要求。50. 【答案】E 【试题解析】本部分的学生去过非洲，研究过野生动物，是一名很好的观察者。E项中on nature reserves in South America and Africa. Projects include monitoring wildlife, path building and water and soil conservation可知该项目包括观察野生动物，水土保护等。要求的有较好的观察能力。E项中的学生符合要求。四（2014湖南卷）Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Many of us invest valuable time，energy and money planning our vacations. We do this because we know for sure that going on vacations must be good for us. Research proves this feeling without a doubt. Vacations help us perform better at work, improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.Yet, despite these benefits, many of us return home with a feeling that our last vacation was OK - but not great. In order to change this, some mistakes should be avoided. A classic one for vacation planners is attempting to maximize value for money by planning trips that have too many components (组成部分) Perhaps youre planning a trip to Europe, seven cities in 10 days，and you realize it will cost only a little more to add two more destinations to the list Sounds fine in theory, but hopping from one place to the next hardly gives an opportunity to experience what psychologists call mindfulness - time to take in our new surroundings, time to be present and absorb our travel experiences. Another mistake is that we worry too much about strategic issues such as how to find a good flight deal，how to get from A to B，or which destinations to add or subtract from our journey. These issues may seem important, but our psychological state of mind is far more important.Actually, vacation happiness is based on the following top rules. First, choose your travel companions wisely, because nothing contributes more significantly to a trip than the right companions. Second，dont spend your vacation time in a place where everything is too expensive so as to maintain a positive mood. Third, shop wisely, for meaningful experiences provide more long-term happiness than physical possessions.a better 72 at workan improved 73 a reduced level of depressionbenefitsTitle:Happy 71 A(n) 74 to maximize value for moneyToo much 75 about the following issuesFinding a(n) 76 Selecting the best travel route77 or subtracting destinationsMistakes to be avoidedMaking a wise 79 of travel companionsChoosing destinations properly80 78 71. 【答案】vacation 【试题解析】原词再现。本题考察的是主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是假期给我们带来的好处和不利之处。根据文章的第一句Many of us invest valuable time，energy and money planning our vacations.可知讲述的是快乐的假期的话题。72. 【答案】performance 【试题解析】词性转换。根据文章第一段第3行Vacations help us perform better at work可知假期可以帮助我们提高工作表现。原文里使用的是动词perform，表格里要使用的是名词performance。73. 【答案】quality of sleep 【试题解析】原词再现。根据第一段最后一句Vacations help us perform better at work, improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.可知假期可以提高我们的睡眠质量。74. 【答案】 attempt 【试题解析】词形转换。根据第二段3,4行A classic one for vacation planners is attempting to maximize value for money by planning trips that have too many components (组成部分)可知人们经常会犯的一个错误就是企图在假期里加入太多的组成部分。原文是动词的现在分词，表格里放在a/an的后面，需要使用的是名词。75. 【答案】worry 【试题解析】词性转换。根据第二段倒数3,4行Another mistake is that we worry too much about strategic issues such as how to find a good flight deal，how to get from A to B。原文中是动词，表格里使用的是名词。76. 【答案】good flight deal 【试题解析】原词再现。根据文章第二段倒数3,4行Another mistake is that we worry too much about strategic issues such as how to find a good flight deal，how to get from A to B。可知find a good flight deal也是缺点之一。77. 【答案】adding 【试题解析】词形转换。根据第二段最后2行which destinations to add or subtract from our journey原文中使用的是动词原形add，但在表格里这一列都使用的是doing的形式。所以这里也使用adding。78. 【答案】rules 【试题解析】原词再现。根据第三段第一行Actually, vacation happiness is based on the following top rules.可知本段是关于快乐假期的诸多规则。79. 【答案】choice 【试题解析】词性转换。根据第三段第二句First, choose your travel companions wisely可知首先我们要选择一个合适的旅游公司。文章里使用的是动词choose，表格里使用的是名词choice。80. 【答案】 Shopping wisely 【试题解析】词形转换。根据文章最后一句Third, shop wisely, for meaningful experiences provide more long-term happiness than physical possessions.想要得到快乐的旅游，很重要的就是要理智购物。文章里使用的是动词shop wisely，表格这一列都使用的是动名词doing的形式，所以也使用shopping wisely。五（2014湖南卷）Kids and PondsYears ago there was a group of kids who would hang around at some local ponds in the woods near their houses in Warwick, Rhode Island. In summer they caught frogs and fish. When winter arrived they couldnt wait to go skating. Time passed, and the ponds became the only open space for the kids to enjoy themselves in that neighborhood.One day. a thirteen-year-old boy from this group of kids read in the local newspaper that a developer wanted to fill in the ponds and build over a hundred small houses called condominiums. So the boy went door to door and gathered more than two hundred signatures (签名）to stop the development A group of citizens met and decided to support him.At the meeting of the town planning board (委员会)，the boy was quite nervous at first and spoke very softly. But when he saw the faces of his friends and neighbors in the crowd and thought about what was happening to their favorite ponds，his voice grew louder. He told the town officials that they should speak for the citizens. He also insisted that they should leave enough space for children. A few days later，the developer stopped his plan.Nine years later, when that teen was a senior in college, he was informed that the developer was back with his proposal to build condominiums. Now twenty-two years old, he was studying wetlands ecology. He again appeared before the town planning board. This time as an expert witness, he used environmental protection laws to explain restrictions on development in and around wetlands and the knowledge of wetlands ecology to help improve the development. Finally some condominiums were built, but less than half the number the developer wanted. The ponds where those kids used to hang around were protected by a strip of natural land，and are still there today.81. What did the kids like to do at the local ponds in winter?(No more than 6 words)(2 marks)82. How did the boy win the citizens support? (No more than 10 words)(2 marks)83. What did the boy tell the town officials?(No more than 16 words)(3 marks)84.What helped the boy to protect the ponds successfully nine years later?(No more than 12 words)(3 marks)81. 【答案】They liked to skating。【试题解析】考察细节题。根据第一段2,3行In summer they caught frogs and fish. When winter arrived they couldnt wait to go skating.可知在夏天，他们抓鱼和青蛙，在冬天他们就在结冰的池塘上滑冰。82. 【答案】 He went door to door and gathered their signatures。【试题解析】细节题。根据第二段最后2行So the boy went door to door and gathered more than two hundred signatures (签名）to stop the development A group of citizens met and decided to support him.可知他得知开发商要填平那个池塘的时候，他挨家挨户地求得别人的签名来阻止开发商这样做。83. 【答案】 He told them they should speak for the c