状语从句 (3)

状语从句状语从句在句子中起状语作用，可修饰主句中的 动词，形容词或副词等。按其作用和意义可分为时间，原因，目的，条件，让步，比较，地点等状语从句。高考中最重要的三大状语从句，它们分别是：时间状语从句以及逻辑状语从句中的条件状语从句和让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 所谓时间状语从句，即是整个从句是作为主句的时间状语出现在句子中的复合句。例如，When I got home, Peter was cooking in the kitchen.在这里，When引导的从句“When I got home”就是整个复合句的时间状语从句。类似的引导词还有while, as 和since。 He transplanted the little tree to the garden _B_it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. that D. until 2. 条件状语从句 条件状语从句有两类含义：（1）表示“假如”，常用的引导词为if或unless（相当于if not），例如You will not pass the exam unless you work hard.这句话也可以改写成if引导的状语从句，You will pass the exam if you work hard.（2）表示正面条件的常用引导词除了if之外，在语法题或翻译写作中还可以使用in case, on condition that, provided (that), supposing, suppose (that)。例如，In case he leaves, please inform me. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _D_ they are not managed carefully. A. though B. before C. until D. if _D_there is a snowstorm or some other bad weather, the mail always comes on time. A. Because B. If C. When D. Unless 3. 让步状语从句 让步状语从句常用的引导词有even if, even though, although和though，他们的语气强度依次减弱。 _D_ most of the earths surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious. A. As B. Once C. If D. Although 另外，除了常见的让步状语从句引导词之外，还有许多表示“无论”的让步状语引导词，例如最常见的“特殊疑问词 + ever = no matter + 特殊疑问词”，例如whatever, however, no matter when等等句型,例如no matter what / whatever you do，Ill support you.还有限制在两者选择范围内的“无论”引导词whetheror，例如Whether you come with me or stay at school, I shall go now. 4.状语从句中的时态问题 以上是状语从句在高考试题中的若干常考点，最后讨论一下状语从句中的时态问题。状语从句中的时态遵循“主将从现”原则，也就是说，当主句是将来时态（包括一般将来时和过去将来时）时，从句一般用现在时态（包括一般现在时，一般过去时和现在完成时等）表示将来时态。例如I will let you know as soon as I get the news.（我一有消息就会通知你。） I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _ on it for more than an hour. A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked 看到引导词until可以立即想到这道题是状语从句题，根据“主将从现”原则，排除B和C两个选项，又因为主句用一般将来时，那么从句应该使用现在时态，因此A是正确答案。练习题1,_(和.比较) the size of the whole earth ,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (when)2,She came to the spot _(一听说) the accident. (moment)3,You will go on doing that _(如果她不阻止你) (unless)4,This was the first time_(她进入) in desert. (foot)5,It was _(直到战争结束) that he could get back to work. (end)6,However,_(她还没来的及三思)，the wave was upon her. (before)7,One day I was moving forward over a hill _(风骤然加大)so much that I stopped. (increase)8,I have never see him_（自从他大学毕业）（graduate）9,Make marks _(你有问题的地方) while you are reading.（where）10,We all believe that with the help of science and technology ,it will not take too long _(人类定居) the Mars.(settle)11,_(与其搭公共汽车)，he always prefers to ride a bicycle.(rather)12,John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out _（以防他打电话）(case)13,We must respect the old and love the young _(无论我们在哪里) （where）14，_(下次我来)，I will tell you about that. (come)15,_(无论人们何时向他咨询) about their financial troubles, the lawyer always ready with advice. (consult)16,By the time_(她到家), her uncle will have lefe for London. (get)17,_(无论假期多长)，I always feel I want a few days more. (however)18,_(如果他迷路)，he can ask a police for help. (if) 19,It was the midday _(他们办完) on the wall-newspaper. (finish)20,If only I _(没有太粗心)，I could have passed the exam. (careless)21_(无论你遇到多少困难)，you should try to overcome them, (however)22,_(无论你哪天来)，well be pleased to see you. (whichever)23,If you _(感到好奇) something，you want to know more about it.(curious)24,_(如果你能考虑) what I said ,you would not have lost such a lot of money. (account)25,When_(被介绍给别人)，you should shake hands with them gently .(introduce)状语从句答案1,when compared with2,the moment she heard of / about3,unless she stops4,she had set foot 5,not until the war ended6,before she could think twice7,when (suddenly) the wind increased8,since he graduated form college9,where you have any question10, before human beings settle on11 ,rather than take a bus12, in case he phones13, no matter where we are14, next time I come15, whenever / no matter when people consult him16,she gets home17, However long a vacation /holiday is18, If he loses hi