【三维设计】高考英语一轮复习 Unit5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero板块训练 新人教版必修1.doc

unit 5nelson mandela a modern hero 由句连篇背佳句、学衔接，让作文流畅起来一、话题写作佳句必背1you can shop as you like as the online shops are open 24 hours a day.你可以随心所欲地每天24小时在网上购物。 2it is easy to find what you are looking for on the internet.在网上找你正在寻找的东西是容易的。3some people are worried about the safety of paying for goods using credit cards when shopping on the internet.一些人担心在网上购物时用信用卡为商品付钱的安全性。4once cheated online, you may find it difficult to make a complaint.一旦你在网上受到欺骗，你会发现很难起诉。5we must think twice before we decide to purchase goods sold on the internet.我们在网上购物时，必须三思而后行。二、连句成篇并背诵(选用“whats worse, in my opinion, finally, for one thing, for another, secondly, firstly”过渡词衔接成文)online shopping is a new way of shopping. it offers a number of benefits for the shoppers. firstly,_the most important advantage is convenience. you can shop as you like as the online shops are open 24 hours a day, and do not have to queue with other shoppers. secondly,_it is easy to find what you are looking for on the internet. finally,_it is often cheaper to buy goods through the internet.every coin has two sides, online shopping has its disadvantages, too. for_one_thing,_you cant actually see the products you are buying online, thus the quality may not be ensured. for_another,_some people are worried about the safety of paying for goods using credit cards when shopping on the internet. whats_worse,_once cheated online, you may find it difficult to make a complaint.in_my_opinion,_we must think twice before we decide to purchase goods sold on the internet.高频单词必记1generous adj.慷慨的；大方的2stage n. 舞台；阶段；时期3vote vt. & vi. 投票；选举n. 投票；选票；表决4attack vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击5escape vi. 逃脱；逃走；泄露6quality n质量；品质；性质quantity n数量；量7active adj.积极的；活跃的actively adv.积极地；活跃地activity n活动8peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的peacefully adv.和平地；平静地；安宁地peace n和平；平静；和睦9legal adj.法律的；依照法律的illegal (反义词)非法的；违法的10equal adj.相等的；平等的equality n平等；相等equally adv.同样地；相等地；公平地11violence n暴力；暴行violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的12educate vt.教育；训练educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的education n教育educator n教育工作者；教育家13reward n报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有回报的1语境串记(用所给词的适当形式填空)(1)the old teacher devoted all his life to educating his devoted students and he was admired for his devotion to his education cause.(devote; educate)(2)all men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)2主题串记请根据词性和汉语提示写出除“terror”之外含有“恐惧”含义的高频单词(1)frighten vt.使惊恐；吓唬vi. 惊恐；害怕(2)panic vt.& vi. (使)恐慌n. 恐慌；惊慌(3)scare vt. 使恐惧；使害怕(4)scream vi. (恐惧地)尖声大叫(5)tremble vi. (因害怕等)发抖；哆嗦；震颤.重点短语必背 *1.out_of_work失业*2.as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上*3.blow_up 使充气；爆炸4in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑 等的处境中*5.turn_to 求助于；致力于*6.lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心7come_to_power 当权；上台*8.set_up 设立；建立9be_sentenced_to 被判处(徒刑)*10.be_willing_to_do 愿意干某事选用以上标有*的短语填空(其中有一项是多余的)1a monument was set_up in honor of the heroes who gave up their lives for the country.2encouraged by his friends, jack didnt lose_heart and kept on trying it.3he was put into prison because he blew_up some government buildings in south africa.4with no one to turn_to in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.5as_a_matter_of_fact,_i dont like to be praised before the public.6they lived a hard life then, for their father has been out_of_work for half a year.经典句型必会 1the last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。解读where引导定语从句修饰stage。仿写媒体常常有助于解决问题，吸引注意于需要帮助的状况。the media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where_help_is_needed.2.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。解读only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。仿写只有在他们讨论这个问题好几个小时之后他们才作出决定。only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did_they_reach_a_decision.(2011湖南高考单项填空)3i felt bad the first time i talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。解读the first time引导时间状语从句。仿写我第一次见到她时认为她善良诚实。i thought her kind and honest the_first_time_i_met_her.1devote vt.献身；专心于高考佳句he has devoted his whole life to world peace.(2011陕西高考单词拼写)他把一生都致力于世界和平。(1)devote oneself to sth./doing sth.献身于；致力于devote ones life/time/money/energy to sth./doing sth.把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的be devoted to sth./doing sth.专心于；奉献于(3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚for ten years nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the worlds best longdistance swimmers.(2012天津高考阅读表达)10年来奈雅德一直致力于成为一名世界最好的长距离游泳运动员。he has devoted most of his time and energy to_finding a cure for the disease.他把大部分时间和精力都花在寻找这种疾病的治疗方法上了。her son, to_whom she is so devoted, went abroad last year, leaving her alone in the small village.她非常疼爱的儿子去年去了国外，留下她一个人在小村子里。2equal adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物高考佳句so they will be ready for life in a world where china is an equal power with the united states.(2012辽宁高考阅读c)因此他们将为生活在这样一个世界作准备，在这个世界里中国和美国同样重要。(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/胜任做某事of equal importance 同等重要的(2)a equals b in . a在方面比得上b/与b相匹敌(3)without equal 无与伦比(4)equality n. 平等equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地none of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.不管是容貌还是在舞艺上我们都比不上她。its a challenging job but im sure youll be_equal_to it.这是一份具有挑战性的工作，但是我相信你会胜任的。this position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.(2011新课标全国卷阅读d)这个职位同样适合于学校毕业生或某个拥有办公室工作经验的人。链接高考(2012福建高考)anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _ respected.aespeciallybequallycnaturally dnormally解析：选b考查副词辨析。句意：任何一个人，不管是政府官员还是汽车司机都应该同样受到尊敬。especially“尤其；特别”；equally“相等地”；naturally“天然地；自然地”；normally“通常；正常地”。3escape v& n逃脱；逃生；泄露教材原句it was a prison from which no one escaped.那是个无人逃走过的监狱。(1)escape (doing) sth.逃避(做)某事escape from 从逃脱；逃避escape ones attention/notice 逃过某人的注意(2)fire escape 太平梯；安全梯；安全出口a narrow escape 九死一生if he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.(2012广东高考语法填空)如果他认为坐在后面就能避开别人的注意，那他就错了。whoever breaks the law wont escape punishment/being_punished!无论是谁违犯法律都将避免不了惩罚。last year i had a narrow escape, and i dont want to risk my life a second time.去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。4reward n& vt.报酬；奖赏；酬劳；奖金教材原句they said that the job and the pay from the new south african government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the blacks.他们说来自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是对我一生为黑人的平等权利而奋斗的回报。(1)as a reward for作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏give/offer a reward to sb.for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬in reward for 为酬谢；作为奖励(2)reward sb. with sth. for sth. 为某事而用酬谢某人he was given a medal as a reward for his service.作为对所提供服务的奖赏，他得到了一枚奖章。id like to do something in reward for her kindness.我想做点什么报答她的好意。she started singing to the baby and was_rewarded_with a smile.她开始给孩子唱歌，孩子则报以微笑。辨析比较reward, award试一试选择上述单词填空mo yan was awarded the nobel prize in 2012, which made the chinese people very proud.we will offer a reward of ten thousand dollars for information about the case.they rewarded the boy with 5 for bringing back the lost dog.辨一辨名词动词reward报酬、奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏，常用搭配：reward sb. for (doing) sth.award奖品，奖金，与prize用法相似意为“授予；颁发”，常用搭配：award sb. sth.award sth. to sb.单词对点集训.用所给词的适当形式填空1after the work was finished, he divided the money equally (equal) among them.2the baby looks so peaceful (peace) when hes sleeping.3she described her husband as “a good man and a(n) devoted (devote) husband.”4we are proud of our achievements and hopeful (hope) for the future.5under our teachers guidance (guide), we finished the work smoothly.单项填空1(2013哈尔滨高三模拟)everyone who reached the top of mount tai was _ with a magnificent view.aawardedbadmiredcrewarded dappreciated解析：选c考查动词辨析。句意：到达泰山顶部的每个人都能看到壮丽的景观。reward“奖赏；奖励”，多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答，符合语境。award“因而授予某人”，通常指正式地或官方地颁发、授予；admire“钦佩；赞美”；appreciate“感激；欣赏”。2mr. wang made up his mind to devote all the time he could spare _ his oral english before going abroad.aimprove bto improvecimproving dto improving解析：选ddevote sth. to doing sth. “把用于做某事”，为固定搭配。he could spare为定语从句，修饰all the time。3fitness is important in sport, but of at least _ importance are skills.afair breasonablecequal dproper解析：选c句意：健康的体格在运动中是重要的，而掌握技巧至少也是同等重要。fair“公平的；公正的”；reasonable“合理的”；equal“相等的；相同的”；proper“适当的；恰当的”。故选c。4the robber tried every means, but couldnt _ being caught by the policemen finally.achoose bprotectcescape dconsider解析：选c考查动词词义辨析。句意：抢劫犯尝试了一切办法，但最终还是被警察抓住了。escape“逃脱；逃走”，后接动名词，表示“逃避”，符合句意。choose“选择；挑选”；protect “保护”；consider“考虑；思考”。1in trouble有麻烦；处于困难中教材原句elias went to see nelson mandela when he was in trouble.伊莱亚斯在有麻烦时去见纳尔逊曼德拉。ask/look for trouble自找麻烦；自讨苦吃get into trouble 陷入困境；惹麻烦get sb. into/out of trouble 使某人陷入或摆脱困境have trouble/difficulty做某事有困难take the trouble to do sth. 不怕费事或困难尽力做某事please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.当你遇到困难时请向警察求助。they took great trouble to persuade their father to live with them.他们费了很大的劲才说服父亲和他们住在一起。please dont hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you have_trouble_with your study.不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。you cant imagine the trouble/difficulty i had persuading him to change his mind.你无法想象我说服他改变主意有多么困难。2turn to求助于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向高考佳句i replied and turned to my mom for permission.(2010福建高考完形填空)我回答后转身去请求母亲批准。turn down调小；拒绝turn into 变成turn off 关闭(开关等)turn over 打翻；翻身；移交turn up 开大；调高；出现；到场；被发现turn out 证明是；结果是after he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.大学毕业后他当了老师，但后来转向了新闻业。he turned_down my suggestion and turned_over the business to his daughter.他拒绝了我的建议，把生意移交给了他的女儿。whether those people would turn into customers was another question.(2011陕西高考阅读c)那些人是否会成为客户是另一回事。3set up设立；建立经典例句they want to set up their own importexport business.(朗文p2093)他们想要成立自己的进出口公司。set aside把放在一边；省出；留出set down 写下；记下set off 出发；动身；使爆炸set out 出发；动身；开始；着手 开始做某事；着手做某事for all these years i have been working for others.im hoping ill set up my own business someday.这些年来我一直在为别人工作，我希望有一天可以开创自己的事业。the london gazette was the first newspaper to set aside a place just for advertising.(2011全国卷阅读b)伦敦公报是第一家为商业广告开辟专栏的报纸。he set_about_helping homeless women and children to places of safety.他着手帮助把无家可归的妇女和儿童送到安全的地区。短语对点集训.句型转换1whenever bob has difficulties, he will ask me for help.whenever bob is in trouble,_he will turn to me for help.2if you need my help, i am ready to help you.if you need my help, i am willing to help you.3bob lost his job three years ago and hasnt found one even now.bob has been out of work for three years.4in fact, i was the one who broke the window.as a matter of fact,_i was the one who broke the window.单项填空1(2012全国卷)we _ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.aset aboutbset upcset out dset down解析：选c考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们开始着手刷整座房子，但是那天只刷完了前面的部分。set out to do sth.表示“着手做某事”，符合句意。 2(2011江苏高考)you look upset. whats the matter?i had my proposal _ again.aturned over bturned oncturned off dturned down解析：选d考查动词短语辨析。从对话可知答话人的建议遭到了拒绝，因此有点儿不快。turn down “拒绝；顶回(提议、建议或提议人)”，符合句意。turn over “翻转”； turn on “打开”；turn off “关掉”。3(2013江苏省苏中三市调研)i havent got a job at the moment, but im sure that something will _.aturn in bturn overcturn up dturn down解析：选c考查动词短语辨析。句意：我现在还没有工作，但我确信会有机会找到的。turn up表示“(机会或情况)突然出现；不期而至”，符合句意。turn in “上交；交还”； turn over “翻转；移交”； turn down “关小；拒绝”。4its important to learn to take a positive attitude _ life when you are _ trouble.ato; under bof; incto; in dwith; in解析：选c句意：当你处于困境中时，学会对生活保持乐观的态度是很重要的。名词attitude后用介词to或towards；in trouble “处于困境中”。1.only_then_did_we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。only by shouting was he able to make people on the other side of the river hear him.他只有靠大声喊才能使河对岸的人们听到他的声音。only in this way can you solve the problem.只有用这种方法你才能解决这个问题。only when he returned yesterday did_his_father tell him the truth, which was a big surprise to him.直到昨天他回来，他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他来说真是个令人吃惊的消息。名师指津only 放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life.(2012浙江高考任务型阅读)只有那些接受这个现实的人才能过上真正丰富的生活。2i felt bad the_first_time i talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。句中的the first time用作连词，用来引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次”。the first time i interviewed him, he looked a bit nervous.我第一次去采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。引导时间状语从句的还有：(2)each/every time每次的时候next time 下次时any time 任何时候last time 上次时by the time 到为止be careful! the machine starts the moment you press the button.(2011湖北高考完成句子)小心点！你一按电钮机器就运转。every_time i see the old man in the park, he is absorbed in reading papers.每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。名师指津for the first time在句中只能用作状语，不具有连词功能，不可用来引导状语从句。ill never forget meeting the headmaster for the first time.我将永远不会忘记第一次见校长的情形。句型对点集训.句型转换1it was only when i left my parents for italy that i realized how much i loved them.only when i left my parents for italy did i realize how much i loved them.2as soon as we arrived at the work site, we informed our boss of our arrival.immediately/directly/instantly we arrived at the work site, we informed our boss of our arrival.单项填空1(2013合肥质检)he was deeply struck by the natural beauty of the west lake _ he went to hangzhou.aat the first time bthe first timecfor the first time dat the first time when解析：选b考查 the first time 用作连词的用法。句意：他第一次去杭州时就被西湖美丽的自然景色深深地吸引了。the first time用作连词，意为“第一次的时候”。2_ you talk to someone or write a message, you show your skills to others.aat times bsome timecevery time dthe time解析：选c句意：每当你和别人谈话或写东西时，你都在向别人展示你的技能。every/each time引导时间状语从句，意为“每当”，a、b两项都不能引导时间状语从句，而d项表示“的时候”不符合句意。3(2013银川部分中学高三联考)only when you leave school _ how much you love it.ayou will find bwill you findcyou find ddid you find解析：选b考查时态和倒装。句意：只有当你毕业时，你才会发现你多么喜爱学校。当only修饰状语从句，而且置于句首时，主句构成部分倒装，要把相应的系动词、助动词或情态动词前置到主句的主语之前。再结合时态可知，此处b项正确。定语从句()1(2012杭州二检)do you think the reason _you gave for your absence is valid?aas bwhatcthat dwhy解析：选c考查定语从句。that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，并在定语从句中作gave的宾语。2(2012长春高中毕业班第二次调研)london is the only city in the world _ taking a taxi is an interesting experience for tourists.awhere bthatcwhich dwhose解析：选a考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“_ taking a taxi is an interesting experience for tourists”是定语从句，空处在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where。教师备课参考关系代词和关系副词的判断方法方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须用关系代词。而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：this is the mountain village where i stayed last year.ill never forget the days when i worked together with you.方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例如：this is the museum (that/which) you visited a few days ago.this is the museum where the exhibition was held.3(2013咸阳模拟)mr.david has been to many cities in china, _ xian has impressed him most.aof which bin whichcwith which don which解析：选a句意：大卫先生去过中国的很多城市，在这些城市中西安留给他的印象最深刻。分析句子结构可知，“_ xian has impressed him most”是定语从句，“xian”是“many cities”中的一个，故空处用of which。4(2013南通调研)livemocha. com is a free site _ visitors can not just learn languages but also chat online.athat bwhichcwhere dwhat解析：选c考查定语从句。where 引导从句修饰先行词a free site，且where在从句中充当地点状语。5(2012盐城第二次调研)many college graduates are willing to start online shops to get over the period _ they have difficulty finding a satisfactory job.awhere bwhencwhich dthat解析：选b考查定语从句。when 引导定语从句修饰先行词period，且when在从句中作时间状语。.单项填空1i caught several fish after four hours, and only then _ that the secret of success was patience.ai realizedbi had realizedcdid i realizedhad i realized解析：选c“only状语”位于句首，句子要部分倒装，故排除a、b两项；同时根据then可知realize所表示的动作发生在过去某一时间点，故用一般过去时。2tom said that his uncle had bought an ipad 3 four months before, _ personally i doubted very much.athat bfor whichcwhich dto which解析：选c分析句子结构可知，后一分句为从句。which此处用作关系代词，指代整个主句内容，引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作doubted的宾语。3(2013绍兴模拟)the little girl had a lucky _ when the earthquake happened.achance bsurprisechope descape解析：选d考查名词辨析。句意：当地震发生时，那个小姑娘幸免于难。前面的形容词lucky暗示选escape “逃脱；幸免”。4(2013浙江慈溪模拟)have you any concrete thoughts on how to _ this difficulty?sorry, i have no idea.aturn to blook for cdeal with dtalk about解析：选c考查动词短语辨析。问句句意：处理这种困难你有什么具体的想法？turn to “转向；翻到；向求助”；look for “寻找”；deal with“处理；对付”；talk about “讨论”。5(2013衡水高三模拟)professor stevenson, who _ his whole life to protecting the milu deer, gave a talk to chinese college students last friday.adevoted bis devotingchas devoted dhad devoted解析：选c根据语境可知，devote的动作包含了过去，故用现在完成时。6(2013唐山一模)he is a man who lacks experience and determination, and i think he is not _ the job.aable for bequal tocequal for dable to解析：选b句意：他是一个缺乏经验和意志薄弱的人，所以我认为他不能胜任这份工作。equal意为“胜任的”时，常与介词to连用。7everybody present at the meeting agreed to stick to the _ that everyone should be treated fairly.apurpose ba