高级英语1unit1ppt课件.ppt

Unit1NeatPeoplevs SloppyPeople 新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材 修订版 1 DetailedReading Contents WarmUp GlobalReading ConsolidationActivities TextAppreciation FurtherEnhancement 2 Section1 WarmUp Lookatthetwopictures Thinkofwordswhichyoucanusetodescribethestatesoftherooms messy sloppy untidy disorderly dirty unclean unorganized neat tidy orderly clean organized Lead in BackgroundInformation 3 Section1 WarmUp 1 Whichroomwouldyouliketoliveorworkin 2 Whatisyourroomlike 3 Whatareyourimpressionsaboutneatpeopleandsloppypeople Whatkindoffeaturesareassociatedwithsloppypeopleandneatpeople 4 Lookatanotherpictureandtellwhatthepictureimplies Lead in Topicsfordiscussion 4 Section1 WarmUp 4 Accordingtoyourformerexperience whatkindofpeoplearelikelytobeofhighermoralqualities Sloppypeopleorneatpeople Let stakealookatanotherpictureandtellwhatthepictureimplies Lead in Topicsfordiscussion 5 Section1 WarmUp Lead in BackgroundInformation Thepictureimpliesthatsloppinessisamoralproblem notjustaproblemofhabit forsloppypeoplearealso evil people 6 Section1 WarmUp 5 DoesSuzanneBritt authorofthetextwe regoingtostudy thinkinthesameway Lead in Topicsfordiscussion 7 Section1 WarmUp AbouttheAuthorSuzanneBritt Apoetandessayist andAssistantProfessorofEnglish SuzanneBrittwasborninWinston Salem NorthCarolina Sheearnedherbachelor sdegreefromSalemCollegeandhermaster sdegreefromWashingtonUniversity BrittcurrentlyteachesliteratureandwritingcoursesatMeredithCollegeinNorthCarolina BackgroundInformation Lead in 8 Section1 WarmUp Aprolificwriter Britt spoemshaveappearedinquiteafewliterarymagazines heressaysandarticleshaveappearedinvariousnewspapersandmagazines includingNewsweek TheNewYorkTimesandTheBostonGlobe Someofthemhavealsobeenwidelyreprintedincollegetextbooks Brittisauthorofseveralbooks includingShowandTell 1982 andAWriter sRhetoric 1988 ShealsoadvisesTheMeredithHeraldandTheColtonReview BackgroundInformation Lead in 9 SkimthetextandfindouttheanswertoexerciseI Page5 inTextcomprehension ReadthetextagainandfigureouttheanswerstoexerciseII Gothroughthetextandfindoutthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph Section2 GlobalReading 10 Section2 GlobalReading Whatistheauthor sargumentofthetext OrWhatisthetextmainlyabout StructuralAnalysis MainIdea Throughacomparisonofthepeculiaritiesofsloppypeopleandneatpeopleintheirdailylife theauthoristryingtoconvincethereadersoftheargumentthatthemaindistinctionbetweenthetwotypesofpeopleisamoralone andfurthermore sloppypeopleareevenmorallysuperiortoneatpeople 11 Section2 GlobalReading Pleasedividethetextinto3partsandsummarizethemainideaofeachpart StructuralAnalysis MainIdea PartI Paragraph1 Introduction InParagraph1 theauthorintroducesthetopicofthetextandpresentsheropinionthat neatpeoplearelazierandmeanerthansloppypeople 12 StructuralAnalysis MainIdea PartIII Paragraphs6 12 DescriptionofNeatPeople Paragraphs6 12concentrateonthedescriptionofneatpeople Intheseparagraphs neatpeopleareportrayedascold blooded ruthlessandverypractical PartII Paragraphs2 5 DescriptionofSloppyPeople Paragraphs2 5focusonsloppypeoplewhoareportrayedashavingahighmoralstandardandambitiousplans Besides theyarealsodescribedas givinglovingattentiontoeverydetail Section2 GlobalReading 13 DetailedAnalysis Part1 P1 Howdoestheauthorputforwardhermainargument Direct bluntorindirect obscure Whatdoyouthinkofthewaytheauthorbeginsherargument Doesithaveaneffectivebeginning 14 Aneffectivebeginning Makingacomparisonbetweenaneatpersonandasloppypersoninabluntandunexpectedway whichsucceedsinarousingtheinterestofthereader Overthrowtraditionalopinionsofthem 15 Section3 DetailedReading 1I vefinallyfiguredoutthedifferencebetweenneatpeopleandsloppypeople Thedistinctionis asalways moral 1 Neatpeoplearelazierandmeanerthansloppypeople 2Sloppypeople yousee arenotreallysloppy 2 Theirsloppinessismerelytheunfortunateconsequenceoftheirextrememoralrectitude 3 Sloppypeoplecarryintheirmind seyeaheavenlyvision apreciseplan thatissostupendous soperfect itcan tbeachievedinthisworldorthenext NeatPeoplevs SloppyPeople QUESTION 16 Section3 DetailedReading 3 4 SloppypeopleliveinNever NeverLand Somedayistheirm tier Somedaytheyareplanningtoalphabetizealltheirbooksandsetuphomecatalogs Somedaytheywillgothroughtheirwardrobesandmarkcertainitemsfortentativemendingandcertainitemsforpassingontorelativesofsimilarshapeandsize Somedaysloppypeoplewillmakefamilyscrapbooksintowhichtheywillputnewspaperclippings postcards locksofhair andthedriedcorsagefromtheirseniorprom Somedaytheywillfileeverythingonthesurfaceoftheirdesks includingthe QUESTION 17 Section3 DetailedReading cashreceiptsfromcoffeepurchasesatthesnackshop SomedaytheywillsitdownandreadallthebackissuesofTheNewYorker 4Forallthesenoblereasonsandmore sloppypeoplenevergetneat Theyaimtoohighandwide 5 Theysaveeverything planningsomedaytofile order andstraightenouttheworld Butwhiletheseambitiousplanstakeclearerandclearershapeintheirheads thebooksspillfromtheshelvesontothefloor theclothespileupinthehamperandcloset thefamily QUESTION 18 DetailedAnalysisPart2 Sloppypeoplehaveahighmoralstandard givealovingattentiontoeverydetail Howdoestheauthorjustifythebehaviorofsloppypeople 19 Section3 DetailedReading mementosaccumulateineverydrawer thesurfaceofthedeskisburiedundermoundsofpaperand 6 theunreadmagazinesthreatentoreachtheceiling 5 7 Sloppypeoplecan tbeartopartwithanything Theygivelovingattentiontoeverydetail Whensloppypeoplesaythey regoingtotacklethesurfaceofthedesk theyreallymeanit 8 Notapaperwillgounturned notarubberbandwillgounboxed Fourhoursortwoweeksintotheexcavation thedesklooksexactlythesame primarilybecausethesloppypersonismeticulouslycreatingnewpilesofpaperswithnew 20 Part NeatPeople 21 Neatpeoplearecold blooded Para6 Neatpeoplearepractical Para7 9 Neatpeoplearewasteful Para10 12 22 Section3 DetailedReading headingsandscrupulouslystoppingtoreadalltheoldbookcatalogsbeforehethrowsthemaway Aneatpersonwouldjustbulldozethedesk 6 9 Neatpeoplearebumsandclodsatheart Theyhavecavalierattitudestowardpossessions includingfamilyheirlooms Everythingisjustanotherdust catchertothem 10 Ifanythingcollectsdust it sgottogoandthat sthat Neatpeoplewilltoywiththeideaofthrowingthechildrenoutofthehousejusttocutdownontheclutter QUESTION 23 Section3 DetailedReading 7Neatpeopledon tcareaboutprocess Theylikeresults Whattheywanttodoisgetthewholethingoverwithsotheycansitdownandwatchtherasslin onTV Neatpeopleoperateontwounvaryingprinciples Neverhandleanyitemtwice andthroweverythingaway 8Theonlythingmessyinaneatperson shouseisthetrashcan Theminutesomethingcomestoaneatperson shand hewilllookatit trytodecideifithasimmediateuseand findingnone throwitinthetrash 24 Section3 DetailedReading 9 11 Neatpeopleareespeciallyviciouswithmail Theynevergothroughtheirmailunlesstheyarestandingdirectlyoveratrashcan Ifthetrashcanisbesidethemailbox evenbetter Allads catalogs pleasforcharitablecontributions churchbulletinsandmoney savingcouponsgostraightintothetrashcanwithoutbeingopened Alllettersfromhome postcardsfromEurope billsandpaychecksareopened immediatelyrespondedto thendroppedinthetrashcan Neatpeoplekeeptheirreceiptsonlyfortaxpurposes That sit 12 Nosentimentalsalvagingofbirthdaycardsorthelastlettera 25 Section3 DetailedReading dyingrelativeeverwrote 13 Intothetrashitgoes 10 14 Neatpeopleplaceneatnessaboveeverything eveneconomics Theyareincrediblywasteful Neatpeoplethrowawayseveraltoyseverytimetheywalkthroughtheden Iknewaneatpersononcewhothrewawayaperfectlygooddishdrainerbecauseithadmoldonit Thedrainerwastoomuchtroubletowash Andneatpeopleselltheirfurniturewhentheymove TheywillsellaLa Z Boyreclinerwhileyouarereclininginit 26 Section3 DetailedReading 11 15 Neatpeoplearenogoodtoborrowfrom Neatpeoplebuyeverythinginexpensivelittlesingleportions Theygettheirflourandsugarintwo poundbags Theywouldn tconsiderclippingacoupon savingaleftover reusingplasticnondairywhippedcreamcontainersorrinsingofftinfoilanddrapingitovertheunmoldydishdrainer Youcanneverborrowaneatperson snewspapertoseewhat splayingatthemovies 16 Neatpeoplehavethepaperallwaddedupandinthetrashby7 05A M QUESTION 27 Section3 DetailedReading 12 17 Neatpeoplecutacleanswaththroughtheorganicaswellastheinorganicworld People animals andthingsareallonetothem Theyaresoinsensitive Afterthey vefinishedwiththepantry themedicinecabinet andtheattic theywillthrowouttheredgeranium toomanyleaves sellthedog toomanyfleas andsendthechildrenofftoboardingschool toomanyscuff marksonthehardwoodfloors QUESTION ACTIVITY 28 Comparison sufficient followagoodlogic 29 Section3 DetailedReading Doesthearticlehaveaneffectivebeginning Whyorwhynot Paragraph1 Paragraph1provesitselfaveryeffectivebeginning Insteadofdrawingaconclusionattheendofthecomparison theauthorpresentsitatthebeginninginabluntandunexpectedmanner Theconclusionhascompletelyoverthrownthetraditionalopinionsofthetwotypesofpeople Therefore thebeginningsucceedsinarousingthereader sinterest 30 Section3 DetailedReading Whydoestheauthorrepeattheword someday somanytimes Paragraph3 Theparallelsentencesbeginningwiththesameword someday canemphasizethetruththatmorejustificationscanhardlybefoundforthebehaviorofsloppypeopleintheirpresentlifeexceptofferingsomebeautifulhopethatallsuchwillbecompensatedforbytheirfutureplans 31 Section3 DetailedReading Whatrhetoricaldevicedoestheauthoremployinsuchsentencesas Theysaveeverything planningsomedaytofile order andstraightenouttheworld and theunreadmagazinesthreatentoreachtheceiling Paragraph4 Hyperboleisusedinthesesentencestoexaggeratetherigidnessandimpracticabilityofsloppypeopleintheirlife 32 Section3 DetailedReading Whatisthefunctionofthesentence Aneatpersonwouldjustbulldozethedesk intermsofthetextstructure Paragraph5 Thesentenceservesasatransitionfromthedescriptionofsloppypeopletoneatpeopleinthefollowingparagraphs 33 Section3 DetailedReading Whyareneatpeoplenogoodtoborrowfrom Paragraph11 Neatpeoplebuyanythinginexpensivelittleamountandthrowawayanythingthey veused Theydon thaveanythingleftthatpeoplecanborrowfromthem 34 Section3 DetailedReading Whatdoneatpeoplelooklikeinothers mind Whatmakestheauthorthinkthatthedifferencebetweenneatpeopleandsloppypeopleismoral Paragraph12 Theyareinsensitiveandcold blooded Accordingtotheauthor amorehumanerelationshipisreflectedinthebehaviorofsloppypeople Forneatpeople theprimaryconcernintheirlifeistoestablishaneatbutcoldandinhumanorderevenattheexpenseofthewarmandfriendlyrelationshipbetweenthemandtheirbelongings Therefore theauthorthinksthedistinctionbetweenthetwotypesofpeopleismoral 35 Section3 DetailedReading ClassDiscussions1 Describetwopeopleyouknowwhohaveverydifferentapproachestobeingneatandorganized Explainwhatitisliketobewitheachofthem 2 Howwouldyoudescribethehouseholdinwhichyougrewup Inwhatwayswereyourparentsveryorganized Inwhatareasweretheydisorganized 36 Section3 DetailedReadinginsentences Neatpeoplearelazierandmeanerthansloppypeople Paragraph1 Explanation Thisisaboldsentence assumingthatallneatpeoplearelazyandmean whilesomemaybegtodiffer Translation 整洁的人比随意的人更懒更自私 37 Section3 DetailedReading Theirsloppinessismerelytheunfortunateconsequenceoftheirextrememoralrectitude Paragraph2 Paraphrase Thereasonwhysloppypeoplearesloppyisthattheyenjoygreatmoraluprightness buttheirverysloppinessunfavorablybiasesothermembersofsocietyagainstthem Translation 他们特别崇尚正直的道德品质 而这不幸造成他们日常生活的慵懒 38 Section3 DetailedReading Sloppypeoplecarryintheirmind seyeaheavenlyvision apreciseplan thatissostupendous soperfect itcan tbeachievedinthisworldorthenext Paragraph2 Paraphrase Sloppypeoplehaveexcellentmentalpowerofseeingandimagining andwhattheyconstructisanaccuratescheme whichissomarvelousandperfectthatitcannotbeaccomplishedwhentheyarealiveoraftertheydie 39 Section3 DetailedReading Explanation Thewriteremployshyperboletoemphasizetheextrememoralrectitudeofsloppypeople Translation 随意的人有超乎寻常的想象力和洞察力 有非常精确的计划 他们的计划是那么伟大和完美 无论今生或者来世都实现不了 40 Section3 DetailedReading SloppypeopleliveinNever NeverLand Somedayistheirm tier Paragraph3 Paraphrase Sloppypeopleliveinanimaginaryandwonderfulplacewhichisineverywayotherthanthepracticalandrealisticworldwearenowlivingin Itistheirhabittoputeverythingofftillsomedaywhichwillnevercome Translation 随意的人生活在想象的世界里 总是寄希望于永远不会到来的将来某一天 41 Section3 DetailedReading Theysaveeverything planningsomedaytofile order andstraightenouttheworld Paragraph4 Paraphrase Theydon twanttothrowawayanything thinkingintheirmindofarrangingandsortingouttheworldsomedayinthefuture 42 Section3 DetailedReading Explanation Hyperboleisusedheretoexaggeratetheambitiousschemeofsloppypeople Translation 他们把什么东西都攒着 舍不得扔掉 盘算着哪一天把整个世界分门别类 好好归整一下 43 Section3 DetailedReading theunreadmagazinesthreatentoreachtheceiling Paragraph4 Paraphrase themagazinesthathavenotbeenreadareplacedintoahugepilethatishighenoughtotouchtheceiling 44 Section3 DetailedReading Explanation Humorouseffectsareachievedherebyusinghyperboletoemphasizethesloppinessofsloppypeople Translation 没有阅读过的杂志都快堆到天花板那么高了 45 Section3 DetailedReading Sloppypeoplecan tbeartopartwithanything Paragraph5 Paraphrase Sloppypeoplesaveeverythinganddon twanttosellordisposeofit Translation 随意的人不喜欢处理掉任何物件 46 Section3 DetailedReading Notapaperwillgounturned notarubberbandwillgounboxed Paragraph5 Explanation Doublenegative not un isusedheretoemphasizethedeterminationofsloppypeoplewhentheydecidetostraightenoutthedesk Besides furtheremphasisisachievedbytheparallelisminthetwoclauses Translation 每一张纸都将被清理 每一根橡皮绳都会放进盒子里 47 Section3 DetailedReading Neatpeoplearebumsandclodsatheart Paragraph6 Paraphrase Neatpeopleareactuallystupidandincompetent Explanation ThissentenceparallelstheoneatthebeginningofParagraph2 Theauthorwantstoconveythemessagethattheworldisnotreallythewayitappearstobe 48 Section3 DetailedReading Ifanythingcollectsdust it sgottogoandthat sthat Paragraph6 Paraphrase Ifdustisgatheredoveranything thethinghastobethrownawaywithnoexception Translation 任何东西一旦沾上了灰尘就统统扔掉 49 Section3 DetailedReading Neatpeopleareespeciallyviciouswithmail Paragraph9 Paraphrase Neatpeopleareextremelycruelandrelentlessindealingwiththemailtheyreceive Translation 整洁的人处理邮件尤其冷酷无情 50 Section3 DetailedReading Nosentimentalsalvagingofbirthdaycardsorthelastletteradyingrelativeeverwrote Paragraph9 Paraphrase Neatpeoplewouldtakenopainstokeepbirthdaycardsorthelastletterwhichwaswrittenbyarelativewhowasdying Theythrowawaywhatevertheydon tfeellike beitvaluableornot 51 Section3 DetailedReading Explanation Hyperboleisusedagaininthissentencetoemphasizetherelentlessnessandcrueltyofneatpeopleindealingwithmail Translation 他们不会怜惜生日贺卡 或者某位行将西去的亲戚的绝笔信 52 Section3 DetailedReading Intothetrashitgoes Paragraph9 Explanation Frontingofprepositionalphrase Inthissentencetheadverbialisputbeforethesubjecttoemphasizeneatpeople sdestinationofthrowingawaymail Translation 统统丢进垃圾箱 53 Section3 DetailedReading Neatpeopleplaceneatnessaboveeverything eveneconomics Paragraph10 Paraphrase Neatnessistheprimaryconcerninthelifeofneatpeople Theywouldliketoachieveneatnessevenatthecostofeconomicloss Translation 整洁的人只关心整洁清爽 为达目的他们甚至不顾惜经济损失 54 Section3 DetailedReading Neatpeoplearenogoodtoborrowfrom Paragraph11 Paraphrase Neatpeoplearenottherightpersonsforyoutoborrowthingsfrom fortheymaynothaveanythingleftforyoutoborrow Translation 你不大好找整洁的人借东西 55 Section3 DetailedReading Neatpeoplehavethepaperallwaddedupandinthetrashby7 05A M Paragraph11 Paraphrase Shortlyaftertheyfinishreadingtheirnewspaperdeliveredtotheirdooreverymorning theyrollitupandthrowitintothetrashcan Translation 每天早上不过7 05 整洁的人把报纸看完后就卷吧卷吧扔进垃圾桶里 56 Section3 DetailedReading Neatpeoplecutacleanswaththroughtheorganicaswellastheinorganicworld Paragraph12 Paraphrase Toneatpeople therewouldbenodifferencebetweenthingsthathavelivesandthingsthatdon thavelives Theytreatthembothruthlessly 57 Section3 DetailedReading Explanation Hyperboleisemployedinthissentencetoemphasizetheinsensitivityofneatpeoplewhoappearsocold heartedastoshednowarmthonthelivingthingsintheworld Translation 整洁的人无论是对待有生命还是无生命的对象都一样冷酷无情 58 Section4 TextAppreciation Thisessayisapieceofhumorouswriting yetitisfarmorethanfunreading Thesubjectoftheessayseemstobetrivialandfamiliartotheaveragereaderandnothingisleftunsaid However theauthorsucceedsinthrowingnewlightonthisseeminglycommonsubjectandpresentsherviewsfromauniqueangle 59 Section4 TextAppreciation Discussandanswerthefollowingquestions 1 Howdoestheauthormanagetograbthereader sinterestimmediatelyatthebeginningofthetext Theauthoralmostbluntlyputsforwardherargumentthatneatpeoplearelazierandmeanerthansloppypeople anargumentwhichnotonlycontradictstheconventionalview butalsoseemstomakeafussbyconnectingeverydaytrivialmatterstomorality Suchanapparentlyweirdargumentsuccessfullygrabsthereader sinterestatfirstglance 60 Section4 TextAppreciation 2 Thelanguageofthetextischaracterizedbyrepetition Findoutthoserepeatedwordsandsentences Whatrhetoricaleffectdoestherepetitioninlanguageachieveinthistext Toconvincethereaderofthecorrectness truthfulnessandauthenticityofherseeminglyerroneousnotion theauthorresortstoadeceptivelynaivedeviceinwriting monotonousrepetitionofthepatternwiththesamephrase sloppypeople or neatpeople atthebeginningofeachparagraphthroughouttherestoftheessaywiththeonlyexceptionofParagraphs4and8 61 Section4 TextAppreciation Itiswiththerepetitionof sloppypeople atthebeginningofthreeparagraphsandof neatpeople atthebeginningofsixparagraphs whichlooksolidwithsupportingdetails thattheauthormanagestobrainwashthereaderwithhernotionbypresentingit reinforcingitandmakingitrootedinthereader smind sloppypeoplehavenoblereasonswhereasneatpeopleareactuatedbymotiveswhichareindifferenttohumanewarmth 62 Section4 TextAppreciation Repetitionalsooccurswithinparagraphs forexample Paragraph3 Exceptforthefirstsentenceofthisparagraph alltherestofthesentencesbeginwiththeword someday emphasizingthatsloppypeopleindeedhaveahighmoralstandardandambitiousplans onlytheseplansarenottoberealizedsoon 63 Section4 TextAppreciation 3 Repetitionisoftenachievedbytheuseofparallelism Alotofsentencesarewritteninparallelstructure Findthemout 1 Paragraph3 Somedaytheywillgothroughtheirwardrobes Somedaysloppypeoplewillmakefamilyscrapbooks Somedaytheywillfileeverything Somedaytheyw