广州牛津初二义八二A.doc

Unit 2 单元知识结构一、单词smart,plenty,though,fail,altogether,amusement,artist,exaggerate,cheek,brilliant,humorous,二、短语：1. Two of the most popular2.be full of 3 show 4 try to do sth 5 have a long history6 work for7 think of/about8 make fun9 be funny to 10 get sb in trouble/with sb11 a huge success12 over=during 13 most of14 run around15fight each other16 laugh at sb17 all over the world 18love/like to do/ doing sth19 watch sth on television三、句型: 1 tell sb (not) to do sth2 it is adj +to do sth四、疑难问答1. Most of the cartoons are around seven minutes long.A一、most后可直接跟名词(可数或不可数)，同时，也可接有形容词修饰的名词。注意：跟可数名词时，谓语动词要用复数形式。Most+ n复如：Most boys like playing football.大部分男孩都喜欢踢足球。I always spend most time learning English.大部分时间我总是花在学习英语上。二、既然most后不能直接跟有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词所修饰的名词，那么，该怎么办呢？答案是：遇到这些情况用most of代替most。Most of + n复(后接有the /those/my)如：I spent most of my time learning to play the piano last year.去年我把大部分时间都花在学弹钢琴上了。I did most of that difficult work.那件困难的工作绝大部分都是由我做的。B long形容词 a. 1. 长的;远的The railway is 1000 miles long. 这条铁路长一千英里。2. 长久的 She was abroad for a long time. 她在国外呆了很久。 3. 冗长的He gave a long, tiring report. 他的报告冗长,令人厌倦。 4. (记忆力)能记得久远的She had a long memory. 她记性很好。 副词 ad. 1. 长久地You can keep my book as long as you like. 我的2. 始终She worked all day long. 她工作了一整天。 名词 n. 1. 长时间;长时期UI am not going away for long. 我离开的时间不会长。 2.it is easy to understand the cartoons,since there is usually no speaking in them.A I. It is + adj. + to do something结构句中it是形式主语，真正主语是动词不定式to do something。因此也可以表达为to do something + is +adj.。这种结构还有两种动词不定复合结构。1. It is + adj. + for somebody to do somethinge.g. It was very difficult for them to fly because men have not got wings. 此句真正的主语是动词不定复合结构for them to fly。其中them是to fly的逻辑主语。2. It is + adj. + of somebody to do somethinge.g. It is sensible_ you to bring an umbrella in such weather.A. in B. for C. with D. of答案为D。这里sensible跟逻辑主语you的关系是表达人的特点、性格、本质等。像此类形容词还有kind, foolish, clever, wise, friendly等。II. It is +名词+ to do something结构e.g. It is great fun to see the pandas walking in the zoo.III.另外, it作先行主语时还有其他用法1. it +及物动词+宾语+不定式e.g. It cost me 100 dollars to repair the car.It takes me two hours to finish my homework every day.It gave me great pleasure to watch them.2. it + be +名词/形容词+ doinge.g. It is no use studying for an exam at the last minute .It is a waste of time talking to him.It is pleasant sitting here.B There is no sense doing,做某事没意义3.Instead, the two animals are always running around or fighting each other.A Instead,1. 作为替代He is too busy, let me go instead.他太忙了,让我去吧。2. 反而,却Instead of disturbing her, the news had a strangely calming effect.这消息非但没有令她不安,反而产生了一种奇怪的镇定效果。He didnt give John the money, but he gave it to me instead.他没把钱给约翰,却给了我。B Instead of 介词,意思是“代替”、“而不”，1 作为短语介词，instead of 后面常跟名词、代词和动名词I have come instead of my brother. He is ill.I will go instead of you.They must make up their own minds instead of our making up their minds for them. 他们必须自己做出决定，而不是有我们来代替他们作决定。4.Though Tom always thinks he can catch Jerry, he never has any success注：although和though在用法的区别：一、用作连词表示“虽然”，两者大致同义，可换用，只是 although 比 though 更为正式：Though Although it was raining，we went there. 虽然下着雨，但我们还是去了那儿。Though Although it was barely four oclock, the lights were already on. 尽管才四点钟，灯已经亮了。Though Although we are poor, we are still happy. 我们虽然穷，仍然很快活。二、用作副词although 一般不用作副词，而 though 可用作副词，且一般放在句末(不放在句首)，意为“可是”、“不过”：Its hard work; I enjoy it though. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。He is looking fit, though. 但他看起来很健康。You can count on him, though. 不过你可以指靠他。三、用于习语在 as though(好像，仿佛)，even though(即使，纵然)等固定短语中不能用 although：She closed her eyes as though she were tired. 她闭上眼，仿佛很疲劳似的。He is an honest man, I must say, even though I have opposed him. 尽管我反对过他，我还得说他是一个诚实的人。四、用于倒装though 引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式(注意：倒装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词)，但 although 一般不这样用：Poor though I am, I can afford it. 我虽穷，但这东西还是买得起的。Child though he was, he did quite well. 他虽是孩子，但干得很好。五ExerciseI. Choice1. Today it is easy_ on-line and millions of people use the Internet everyday.A. get B. to get C. gets D. got2. It is clever_ you to answer such a question.A. for B. on C. with D. of3. _ fun it is to ride on a camel in the desert!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a4. It takes 3 days for the parcel _ America by air mail from Shanghai .A. reach B. reached C. to reach D. reaches5. _ important thing it is to do eye exercises everyday!A. What B. What a C. What an D. How6. It is no use _ about the school lunch.A. complain B. complaining C. to complain D. complainedII.用it作形式主语改写句子1. To s