语法填空答题技巧讲义confidential.doc

环球雅思学科教师辅导教案 学员编号： 年 级： 高三 课时数：3课时 学员姓名： 辅导科目： 英语 学科教师：田志超授课类型复习课星 级教学目的掌握语法填空的解题技巧授课日期及时段教学内容语法填空解题技巧一、 题型分析：1. 纯空格题：通常考查冠词、介词、代词和连词四类词，一个空格只能填一个单词。2. 用括号中所给词填空：通常考查动词、形容词和副词的比较级、词类转换，一个空格可以填一到多个单词。二、 考查的语法：1、 动词2、 名词 有提示词，用括号中所给词填空3、 形容词、副词4、 代词5、 冠词 无提示词，纯空格题6、 介词7、 连词三、 考点突破：考点一：冠词识破关键： 用在名词之前，前面无提示词知识点考查方面：定冠词表特指，不定冠词表泛指，an+元音，a+辅音，固定搭配。常见结构：用不定冠词： （1） a/an +可数名词单数 （2） a/an+形容词+可数名词单数用定冠词： （1）the +定语+名词+of 等介词短语 （2） the +定语+名词+ 定语从句 （3）the +定语+名词+不定式短语或分词短语1. There once were a goat and a donkey So the farmer killed _goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.2. When I see a child subject to(受制于) this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was_shy, nervous perfectionist.3. the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to_ small town some 20 kilometers away.4. I still remember taking _ visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub for lunch.5. Hes _amazing singer, a music video director, a business owner and he6. One way that Americans do this is with_ firm hand shake.7. This is _law of American-of all successful people.答案：1.the 2. a 3. a 4. a 5. an 6. a 7 the 考点二：介词识破关键：无提示词知识点考查方面：介词的基本用法及固定搭配常见结构：（1） 介词+名词，构成状语或补语 （2）不及物动词 +介词， 构成动词短语1. In short, I believe that it is _great use to keep a diary in English2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back _the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen.3. She found some good quality pipes_sale.4. He was very tired _doing this for a whole day答案：1.of 2.at 3. On 4. From/after考点三： 代词识破关键：无提示词，句子缺少成分，上文中某个名词需要被代指知识点考查方面：人称代词 、物主代词、不定代词、反身代词、指示代词、it的特殊用法常见结构：（1）主格：句首，谓语动词之前 （2）宾格：动词之后，介词之后 （3）形容词性物主代词：用在 名词之前，翻译成“的“ （4）名词性物主代词：后无名词，翻译成“的“ （5）反身代词：固定搭配，或从意思上可翻译成某人自己，作宾语或同位语。 （6）指示代词：this、that、these、those （7） It is +形容词/名词+to do/doing/that it 作形式主语 I think/feel/find it 形容词/名词+ to do/doing it作形式宾语It指代天气、时间、距离等1. She remembered how difficult _was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _.3. It has been said before, but experiencing it myself has made_want to say it again: a smile答案：1. It 2.her 3. Me考点四：并列连词、从属连词识破关键：无提示词，两个主谓结构。知识点考查方面： 并列连词： and, but, so, or, however,therefore 从属连词：（1）名词性从句：连接词：that,whether,if 不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why （2）定语从句： 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as 关系副词： when, why, how （3）状语从句： 时间：when, while, as, before, after, since, as soon as, immediately, directly, the moment, the minute, no soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhen, once, till/ until, every time, next time. 地点： where, wherever 条件：if , unless ,as long as 原因： because, as , since 让步： though, although, while, as, even though, even if, whetheror, no matter+疑问词 方式：as, as if, as though 目的：so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that 结果：that, so that, sothat,suchthat 比较：than, asas, the+比较级， the+比较级 1. Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains _the area is called the Black Country.2. It got its name during the industrial revolution,_factory pollution turned the local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color.3. Jane paused in front of a counter_some attractive ties were on display.4. One day, he came up with an idea_he would pluck（拔） up all of his crop a few inches.答案：1.why 2.when 3.where 4.that考点五：谓语动词识破关键：有提示词，与主语构成主谓结构知识点考查方面：九大时态和被动语态、虚拟语气结构、主谓一致（1）九大时态： 一般现在时 do/ does 表示现在的习惯或状态一般过去时 did 表示过去的习惯或状态， 过去的动作一般将来时 will do 表示将来的习惯或状态，将来的动作 现在进行时 am is are+doing 表示现在正在进行或现阶段的动作 过去进行时 was/were+doing 表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作， 过去某个时间段一直进行的动作， 过去某个阶段在进行的动作 现在完成时 have/has done 影响，持续过去完成时 had done 过去两个动作中先发生的动作现在完成进行时 have been doing 持续，强调进行过去将来时 would do 立足于过去看将来，间接引语（2）被动语态： 一般现在时 am,is,are+ done 一般过去时 was/were+done 一般将来时 will be done 现在进行时 am is are+being done 过去进行时 was/were+being done 现在完成时 have/has been done 过去完成时 had been done 过去将来时 would be done （3）虚拟语气结构：1. If 引导的句式结构：情 况从句谓语动词的构成主句谓语动词的构成与现在事实相反过去式（be用were）should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词should/would/could/might +have+过去分词与将来事实相反过去式should+动词原形were+不定式should/would/could/might+动词原形2.常考特殊句式虚拟结构1.suggest, order, propose, request, require, demand, advise, insist+ 宾语从句(should )do2.It is suggested/advised/ordered/requested/required+ that从句(should) do3.My advice/suggestion/request/requirement/order/proposal+ is +表语从句(should)do 4.His suggestion/advice/request/requirement+ 同位语从句(should )do+ is. 5.It is natural/necessary/strange +that从句 (should) do6.wish + that clause (did/were 与现在相反)7.It is (high) time + 从句(did或should do )8.would rather + 从句 (did 与现在或将来相反)；（had done 与过去相反）9.as if +从句 (did/were 与现在相反) / (would/could/might + do与将来相反)/( had done 与过去相反) 1. I was certain she would like it because I_(tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food.2. His fear of failure_(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon.3. Being to anxious to help an event develop often_(result)in the contrary to our intention.答案：1. Was told 2. Kept 3. Results考点六：非谓语动词识破关键：有提示词，除谓语动词以外的动词形式知识点考查方面：（1） 现在分词作定语或状语： 表示和逻辑主语之间的主动关系（2） 过去分词作定语或状语：表示和逻辑主语之间的被动关系（3） 动词不定式作状语：表目的1. We must also consider the reaction of the person_(receive) the gift.2. I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left_(complete) the rest!3. My pupils, Donnie_(include), adored(崇拜) her.4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows_（raise）.答案：1. Receiving 2. To complete 3.included 4. raised考点七：词性转换识破关键： 有提示词，所给词不适用于所缺成分中知识点考查方面： （1） 介词+冠词+名词所有格s + 名词（2） 形容词修饰名词（3） 副词修饰动词、形容词、整个句子1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said _(rude).2. As far as I am concerned, my_(suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach.3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their_(nature) course.4. _(doubt),although there is still room for improvement to this policy, I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation.答案：1.rudely 2. Suggestion 3. natural 4. Undoubtedly考点八：形容词的级识破关键： 有提示词，出现原级、比较级、最高级或最高级的基本句型或短语结构，或前面出现修饰和限定原级、比较级、最高级的词知识点考查方面：（1） 基本句型：原级的基本结构： A is as +原级+as B.比较级的基本句型：A is +比较级+ than B.最高级的基本句型： A is the +最高级+ 范围（2） 其他句型或短语结构：比较级：Which / who is + 形容词比较级，A or B?the+ 比较级of the twomore and more + 形容词原级the +比较级，the +比较级最高级：Which/Who is the +最高级，A，B or C?one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数（3） 修饰限定词：修饰原级的词：very,so ,too, enough,quite修饰比较级的词：a little , a bit , a great deal , a lot ,much, even ,still, far,rather,any最高级：形容词最高级前面加序数词，表示第几最1. One of the_(bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher2. We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability（无能）to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt_(lonely) than I had expected that night.3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one of the _(great) writers of our time.答案：1.worst 2. Less lonely 3. greatest2014年高考真题演练：第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It _61_（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it _62_(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63_most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasnt changed in a few days _64_even a few months. It took years of work_65_(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_66_(clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit _67_is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are _68_(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the_69_(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience) 答案：61. was 62. actually 63.the 64. or 65. to reduce 66. cleaner 67. That/which 68. amazing 69. changes 70. Patient巩固练习阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为3140的相应位置上。(1)As I think back I realize how hard it is to view the world _31_ the eyes of my childhood. _32_ childs mind is still filled with the idea that anything and everything is possible. They havent begun building the mental walls yet. Watch a child _33_(learn) to walk and its amazing. No matter how many times they fall down, they hop back up _34_ they instinctively know that eventually theyll be able to walk. They dont have to worry what _35_ think. They have no need to put up a front(讲面子). They are who they are. But somewhere along the line they learn to be _36_(practice). Their creativity is blocked over time, as the world _37_(teach) them to fit in. Eventually they dont bounce back as fast when they fail. Learning is now something you have to do _38_ is very boring and unpleasant. You and I _39_ tear down those walls that are closing in and start fresh. Its time to bring back that sense of joy and wonder. When youre setting your goals for the New Year, think like a child. Set your goals as if _40_ is possible. (2)You must first set your goals if you are to accomplish anything in a big way. Goals give you a starting place and a destination. People _31_ goals succeed because they know _32_ theyre going. Plant your dreams, nourish and begin to live them. _33_ most important thing about a goal is having one. The first law of success is concentration. Bend _34_ of your energies to one point, and go directly to that point, looking neither to the right nor the left. Concentration is the magic key _35_ opens the door to accomplishment. Success is the result of well directed energy. You can, in time, become what you earnestly desire to be, if you set your face in the direction of the things you want and bring all your powers to bear towards its _36_ (attain). When your physical and mental resources _37_ (focus), your power to solve problems multiplies tremendously. To do two things at once is to do neither. Nothing can add _38_ power to your life as much as _39_ (concentrate) all your energies on a limited set of targets. The suns rays do not bur