Unit 7 When Lightening Struck Words and Expressions综合教程一.doc

Unit 7 When Lightening StruckWords and Expressions1. lightning: n. a powerful flash of light in the sky caused by electricity passing from one cloud to another or to the earth, usu. followed by thundere.g. He runs as fast as lightning.Collocation: be struck by lightning: be hit by lightning e.g. The tower has been struck by lightning.Derivation: lightning: adj.2. jolt: n. a sudden rough shaking movemente.g. Residents felt the first jolt of the earthquake at about 8 a.m.Derivation: jolt: v.Comparison: jolt, jerk jerk: a sudden quick movementPractice:1) The train moved off with a _ (jerk)2) I felt every _ of the bus. (jolt)3. swerve: n. the act of turning aside e.g. The car made a sudden swerve to avoid the dog.Comparison: swirl: the act of turning around quickly in a circular movementDerivation: swerve: v.4. unbolt: v. unlock; release the bolts of (a door, for example)e.g. The shopkeeper unbolted the door and let the customers in.Comparison: unbolt, untie untie: undo the knots in something or undo something that has been tiedAntonym: bolt5. scramble: v. climb up or over something with difficulty, using your hands to help youe.g. The boys scrambled over the wall.Collocations: scramble up/down/back, etc. e.g. We scrambled up a rocky slope.Synonym: climbDerivation: scramble: n.6. lunge: v. make sudden forceful forward movements of the body, often to make an attacke.g. He lunged at me with a knife.Comparison: lunge, lung lung: one of the two organs in your body that you breathe with e.g. Smoking can cause lung cancer.Derivation: lunge: n.7. stricken: adj. very badly affected by trouble, illness, unhappiness, etc.e.g. Supplies of medicine were rushed to the stricken city.Collocations: be stricken by/with e.g. The area was stricken with/by a fatal disease. poverty stricken: very poor panic stricken: filled with sudden terror grief stricken: filled with grief and sorrowComparison: stuck, stricken stuck: unable to do any more of something that you are working on because it is too difficult e.g. Can you help me with my homework Dad? Im stuck.8. procedure: n.1) the correct or normal way of doing somethinge.g. What is the correct procedure for renewing your car tax? 2) the method and order of directing business at an official meeting, in a law case, etc.e.g. So much time was spent arguing about the procedure.Comparison: process, procedure process: a serious of actions that someone takes in order to achieve a particular result e.g. Teaching him to read was a slow process.Derivation: procedural: adj.9. figure: v. consider; believee.g. I figured that you wouldnt come. I figured that he was drunk and shouldnt be allowed to drive.Collocation: figure out: think about a problem or situation until you find the answer or understand what hashappened e.g. Can you figure out how to do it?Synonyms: consider, think 10. pull oneself together :control oneself; become calm after being excited or disturbede.g. Stop behaving like a baby! Pull yourself together your family depends on you.Comparisons:put together: (a group of people) all work hard to achieve somethingput sth. together: improve something by organizing it more effectivelyPractice:1) If we all _, well finish on time. (put together)2) He was able to _ himself _ in the face of danger and hardship. (pull together)11. reassure: v. say or do something in order to make somebody feel less frightened, worried or nervouse.g. I was reassured by their offer of support.Collocation: reassure sb. (that)e.g. They reassured us that the matter would be dealt with immediately.Comparison: reassure, assure assure: tell (sb.) that something is really true or will happen e.g. The receptionist assured me that I would not have to wait long.Derivations: reassuring: adj. reassurance: n.12. glamorous: adj. full of or characterized by charme.g. Her smile is so glamorous that no one can resist her charm.Synonyms:attractive, appealingDerivations:glamour: n.glamorize: v.13. confide: v. tell someone you trust about personal things that you do not want other people to knowCollocations: confide to sb. that . e.g. He came and confided to me that he had spend five years in prison. confide in sb.e.g. Jane felt she could only confide in her mother.Derivations: confidence: n. the feeling that you can trust someone or something to be good or work well confidant: n. someone you tell your secrets to confiding: adj. behaving in a way that shows you want to tell someone about something that is private or secret 14. soulful: adj. expressing deep feelings; profoundly emotionale.g. The old woman had a soulful look when she lost her favorite dog.At the concert, a young singer sang a soulful song, which moved us to tears.Antonym: soulless: adj.Derivation: soulfulness: nComparison: soul, soulfulness soul: n. the inner character of a person, where their deepest thoughts and feelings come from soulfulness: n. being profoundly emotional15. panic: v. affect or be affected with a sudden, overpowering terrore.g. The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns.Collocation: panic sb. into doing sth. e.g. The protests became more violent and many landowners were panicked into leaving the countryDerivations: panic: n. panicky: adj.16. screech: v. make an unpleasant high sharp sound, esp. because of terror or paine.g. When a man was peering in at her, she screeched in fright and drew the curtains.Synonym: screamDerivation: screech: n.17. soothing: adj. making less angry, anxious, painful, etc.e.g. Mothers words produced a soothing effect on her agitated son.Derivation: soothe: v. 18. transfer: v.1) (cause to) move or change from one vehicle to another in the course of a journeye.g. At London we transferred from the train to a bus. I transferred from a bus to an underground train.2) move from one place, job, position, etc. to anothere.g. The head office has been transferred from London to Cardiff.Comparison: transfer, transform transform: completely change the appearance, form or character of something or someone, esp. in a way that improves itPractice: 1) In the last 20 years Korea has been _ into an advanced industrial power. (transformed) 2) The company has _ to an eastern location. (transferred)Derivations: transfer: n. transferable: adj.19. alternative: adj.that can be used instead of something elsee.g. We returned by the alternative road.Comparison: alternative, alternate alternate: adj. 1) alternative, esp. AmE, used instead of the one that was intended to be used2) happening or doing something on one of every two days e.g. He works alternate days.Derivations: alternative: n. alternate: v.20. cling: v. hold tightly; stick firmlye.g. They clung to one another as they said good-bye. His wet shirt clung to his body.Collocation: cling to (a belief, idea, feeling, etc.): continue to think that is it true even when this seems extremely unlikelye.g. We clung to the hope that we might see her again one day.Derivation: clingy: adj. 21. lament: v. express sorrow or regret (for)e.g. The whole country lamented the death of their great leader.Derivations:lamentation: n. lamentable: adj.22. anticipate: v.1) look forward to, esp. with pleasure; expecte.g. The students are anticipating the arrival of the summer vacation.2) expect that something will happen and be ready for ite.g. Organizers are anticipating a large crowd at the party.Synonym: expectDerivations: anticipatory: adj. anticipation: n.23. get in(of a train, etc. or a passenger) arrive at the destinatione.g. What time does your flight get in?The plane got in three hours late.Comparisons: get sth. in: 1) gather together something such as crops e.g. The whole village was involved with getting the harvest in. 2) send something to a particular place or give it to a particular person e.g. Please get your assignments in by Thursday. get sb. in: ask someone to come to your home or workplace to do a job, esp. to repair something e.g. Well have to get the engineer in.24. glinting: adj. gleaming or flashing brieflye.g. Her glinting gold ring attracts all our attention.Synonyms: glittering, gleamingDerivation: glint: v./n. 25. fateful: adj. having an important, esp. bad influence on the futuree.g. The world will always remember the fateful day when the atomic bomb was first dropped.Comparisons: fateful, fated fated: certain to happen because mysterious force is controlling events Practice: 1) She knew that their happiness was _ not to last. (fated) 2) This step involved many _ consequences. (fateful)Derivation: fate: n. 26. witness: v. be present and see with ones own eyese.g. We witnessed a strange change in her.Collocation: witness to sth.: formally state that something is true or happened e