计算机术语 服务器.doc

计算机术语 服务器c2c: card-to-card interleaving，卡到卡交错存取cc-numa(cache-coherent non uniform memory access，连贯缓冲非统一内存寻址)chrp(common hardware reference platform，共用硬件平台，ibm为powerpc制定的标准，可以兼容mac os, windows nt, solaris, os/2, linux和aix等多种操作系统)emp: emergency management port，紧急事件管理端口icmb: inter-chassis management bus, 内部管理总线mpp(massive parallel processing，巨量平行处理架构)mux: data path multiplexor，多重路径数据访问 计算机术语 通讯和游戏通信cti：computer telephone integration，计算机电话综合技术dbs: direct broadcast satellite，直接卫星广播dwdm: dense wavelength division multiplex，波长密集型复用技术mmds: multichannel multipoint distribution service，多波段多点分发服务pcm: pulse code modulation，脉冲编码调制pstn(public switched telephone network，公用交换式电话网)tapi: telephony application programming interface，电话应用程序接口tsapi: telephony services application programming interface，电话服务应用程序接口wdm: wavelength division multiplex，波分多路复用 游戏act(action，动作类游戏)arpg(action role play games，动作角色扮演游戏)avg(adventure genre，冒险类游戏)dan(dance，跳舞类游戏，包括跳舞机、吉它机、打鼓机等)dc(dreamcast，世嘉64位游戏机)etc(etc，其它类游戏，包括模拟飞行)ffj: force feedback joystick(力量反匮式操纵杆)fpp(first person game，第一人称游戏)ftg(fighting game，格斗类游戏)gb(game boy，任天堂4位手提游戏机)gbc(game boy color，任天堂手提16色游戏机)gg(game gear，世嘉彩色手提游戏机)fc(famicom，任天堂8位游戏机) fps(frames per second，帧/秒)fr(frames rate，游戏运行帧数)mac(macintosh，苹果电脑)n64(nintendo 64，任天堂64位游戏机)sfc(super famicom，超级任天堂16位游戏机)slg(simulation game，模拟类游戏)spg(sports games，运动类游戏)srpg(strategies role play games，战略角色扮演游戏)stg(shoot game，射击类游戏)ss(sega saturn，世嘉土星32位游戏机)pc(personal computer，个人计算机)ps(play station，索尼32位游戏机)ps(pocket station，索尼手提游戏机)rac(race，赛车类游戏)rts(real time strategies，实时战略)rpg(role play games，角色扮演游戏)tab(table chess，桌棋类游戏) 计算机术语 网络adsl: asymmetric digital subscriber line，不对称数字订阅线路ah: authentication header，鉴定文件头amr(audio/modem riser，音效/数据主机板附加直立插卡)arp(address resolution protocol，地址解析协议)atm(asynchronous transfer mode，异步传输模式)bod(bandwidth on demand，弹性带宽运用)cbr(committed burst rate，约定突发速率)ccirn: coordinating committee for intercontinental research networking，洲际研究网络协调委员会ccm(call control manager，拨号控制管理)cdsl: consumer digital subscriber line(消费者数字订阅线路)cgi(common gateway interface，通用网关接口)ciea: commercial internet exchange association，商业因特网交易协会cir(committed infomation rate，约定信息速率)cts(clear to send，清除发送)dbs-pc: direct broadcast satellite pc(人造卫星直接广播式pc)dce: data circuit terminal equipment，数据通信设备des: data encryption standard，数据加密标准dmt: discrete multi - tone，不连续多基频模式dns(domain name system，域名系统)docsis(data over cable service interface specifications，线缆服务接口数据规格)dte: data terminal equipment，数据终端设备ebr(excess burst rate，超额突发速率)esp: encapsulating security payload，压缩安全有效载荷fdm: frequency division multi，频率分离flow-control流控制fricc: federal research internet coordinating committee，联邦调查因特网协调委员会ftp(file transfer protocol，文件传输协议)ghost:(general hardware oriented system transfer，全面硬件导向系统转移)hdsl: high bit rate dsl，高比特率数字订阅线路http(hypertext transfer protocol，超文本传输协议)icmp(internet control message protocol，因特网信息控制协议)ietf(internet engineering task framework，因特网工程任务组)ike: internet key exchange，因特网密钥交换协议imap4: internet message access protocol version 4，第四版因特网信息存取协议internet(因特网)ip(internet protocol，网际协议)isdn(integrated service digital network，综合服务数字网络)isoc: internet society，因特网协会isp(internet service provider，因特网服务提供商)lan(local area network，局域网)ldap: lightweight directory access protocol，轻权目录访问协议lom(lan-on-montherboard)iab: internet activities board，因特网工作委员会ietf: internet engineering task force，因特网工程作业推动l2tp(layer 2 tunneling protocol，二级通道协议)lmds: local multipoint distributed system，局域多点分布式系统mime: multipurpose internet mail extension，多用途因特网邮件扩展协议mnp: microcom networking protocalmodem(modulator demodulator，调制解调器)nat(network address translation，网络地址转换)nc(network computer，网络计算机)nds: novell directory service，novell目录服务nntp: network news transfer protocol，网络新闻传输协议msn: microsoft network，微软网络ofdm(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，直角频率部分多路复用)p3p(privacy preference project，个人私隐安全平台)pds: public directory support，公众目录支持pgp: pretty good privacy，优良保密协议pics: platform for internet content selection，因特网内容选择平台pof: polymer optical fiber，聚合体光纤pop3: post office protocol version 3，第三版电子邮局协议pptp: point to point tunneling protocol，点对点通道协议radsl: rate adaptive dsl，速率自适应数字订阅线路rarp(reverse address resolution protocol，反向地址解析协议)rdf: resource deXion framework，资源描述框架rsa(rivest shamir adlemen，一种因特网加密和认证体系)rts(request to send，需求发送)sis: switched internetworking services(交换式网络互联服务)s/mime: secure mime，安全多用途因特网邮件扩展协议snmp(simple network management protocol，简单网络管理协议)smtp(simple mail transfer protocol，简单邮件传输协议)skip: simple key exchange internet protocol，因特网简单密钥交换协议sua(single user account，单用户帐号)tcp(transmission control protocol，传输控制协议)uart(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter，通用异步接收/发送装置)udp(user datagram protocol，用户数据报协议)uls: user location service，用户定位服务vod: video on demand，视频点播vpn: virtual private network, 虚拟局域网www(world wide web，万维网，是因特网的一部分) 计算机术语 编程和语言编程api(application programming interfaces，应用程序接口)ascii(american standard code for information interchange，美国国家标准信息交换代码)atl: activex template library(activex模板库)basic:beginners all-purpose symbolic instruction code(初学者通用指令代码)com: component object model(组件对象模式)dna: distributed internet application(分布式因特网应用程序)mfc: microsoft foundation classes(微软基础类库)sdk(software development kit，软件开发工具包) windowsce(consumer electronics，消费电子)dcom: distributing component object model，构造物体模块dhcp: dynamic host configuration protocol，动态主机分配协议dmf: distribution media formatgdi(graphics device interface，图形设备接口)gui(graphics user interface，图形用户界面)gpf(general protect fault，一般保护性错误)hta: hypertext application，超文本应用程序inf file(information file，信息文件)ini file(initialization file，初始化文件)ndis: network driver interface specification，网络驱动程序接口规范nt(new technology，新技术)qos: quality of service，服务质量rrvp: resource reservation protocol(资源保留协议)rtos(real time operating systems，实时操作系统)sbfs: simple boot flag specification，简单引导标记规范vefat: virtual file allocation table(虚拟文件分配表)(vxd，virtual device drivers，虚拟设备驱动程序)wdm(windows driver model，视窗驱动程序模块)winsock: windows socket，视窗套接口whql: windows hardware quality labs，windows硬件质量实验室whs: windows Xing host，视窗脚本程序zam: zero administration for windows，零管理视窗系统 加密ecc: elliptic curve crypto(椭圆曲线加密)set: secure electronic transaction(安全电子交易) 语言css: cascading style sheets，层叠格式表dcd: X content deXion for xml: xml文件内容描述dtd: X type definition，文件类型定义html(hypertext markup language，超文本标记语言)jvm: X virtual machine, X虚拟机oji: open X vm interface，开放X虚拟机接口sgml: standard generalized markup language，标准通用标记语言smil: synchronous multimedia integrate language(同步多媒体集成语言)vrml：virtual reality makeup language，虚拟现实结构化语言vxml(voice extensible markup language，语音扩展标记语言)xml: extensible markup language(可扩展标记语言)xsl: extensible style sheet language(可扩展设计语言) 计算机术语 公司和组织计算机公司ali: acer lab(宏棋实验室)asf: applied science fictionamd: advanced micro device(超微半导体)ami: american megatrends incorporatedear(extreme audio reality)hp: hewlett-packard，美国惠普公司ibm: international business machine，国际商业机器idg(international data group，国际数据集团)ims: international meta systemmle：microsoft learning and entertainment，微软教学与娱乐公司ms(microsoft，微软)nai: network associates incorporation，前身为mcafee。ns(national semiconductor，国家半导体)pmi: pacific magtron internationalsce(sony computer entertainment，索尼计算机娱乐部)sgi：silicon graphicssis: silicon integrated systems，硅片综合系统公司umc(united microelectronics corporation，台湾联华电子公司，半导体制造商)wd(western digital，西部数据)zd(ziff-davis出版公司) 组织cbf: cable broadband forum，电缆宽带论坛cema(consumer electronics manufacturing association(消费者电子制造业协会)cpe: customer premise equipment(用户预定设备)csa: canadian standards association(加拿大标准协会)dca: defense communication agency，国防部通信局doj: department of justice(反不正当竞争部门)dsp: delivery service partner(交付服务合伙人)dvb：digital video broadcasting，数字视频广播e3：electronic entertainment expo，电子娱乐展览会eff: electronic frontier foundation(电子前线基金会) epa(environmental protection agency，美国环境保护局)fcc: federal communications commission(联邦通信委员会)ftc: federal trade commission，联邦商业委员会gdc(game developer conference，游戏发展商会议)isscc(international solid-state circuits conference，国际晶体管电路讨论会)icsa: international computer security association(国际计算机安全协会),它的前身为ncsa(national computer security association,国家计算机安全协会)ieee(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，电子电路工程师协会)ifwp: international forum white paper，国际白皮书论坛iso/mpeg: international standard organizations moving picture expert group(国际标准化组织的活动图片专家组)itaa: information technology association of american，美国信息技术协会mac(mobile advisory council)mcsp: microsoft certified solution providers，微软认证解决方案供应商mjpeg(motion joint photographic experts group，移动式连续图像专家组)mma: midi manufacturer association(midi制造商联盟)ncta: national cable television association，美国电缆电视协会nia: networking interoperatility alliance(网络互操作联盟)nbitd(national board for industrual and technical development，瑞典国立工业和技术发展委员会制订)oaaf：open arcade architecture forum，开放式arcade体系论坛oem(original equipment manufacturer，原始设备制造商)oif: optical internetworking forum，光纤互连网络论坛riaa(recording industry association of america，美国唱片工业协会)rio: redistributed internet object(因特网分配组织)sia(the semiconductor industries association，半导体工业协会)spa: software publishers association，软件出版商协会tsowu(the swedish office workers union，瑞典办公人员联合会，以制订tco标准著称)uawg: universal adsl working group(通用adsl工作组)ucaid:university corporation for advanced internet developmentul: underwriters laboratories inc.(新产品承诺实验室)var: value added resellers(增值分销商)w3c(world wide web consortium，万维网协会)whql(microsoft windows hardware quality lab，微软公司视窗硬件质量实验室)winhec: windows hardware engineering conference，视窗硬件工程会议 计算机术语 打印机和扫描仪打印机aas(automatic area seagment?)dpi(dot per inch，每英寸的打印像素)ecp(extended capabilities port，延长能力端口)epp(enhanced parallel port，增强形平行接口)ipp(internet printing protocol，因特网打印协议)ppm(paper per minute，页/分)spp(standard parallel port，标准并行口)tet(text enhanced technology，文本增强技术)usbdcdpd(universal serial bus device class definition for printing devices，打印设备的通用串行总线级标准)vd(variable dot，变点式列印) 扫描仪twain(toolkit without an interesting name)协议 计算机术语 磁盘和光驱磁盘aat(average access time，平均存取时间)abs(auto balance system，自动平衡系统)asmo(advanced storage magneto-optical，增强形光学存储器)ast(average seek time，平均寻道时间)ata(at attachment，at扩展型)atomm(advanced super thin-layer and high-output metal media，增强形超薄高速金属媒体)bps(bit per second，位/秒)cam(common access model，公共存取模型)css(common command set，通用指令集)dma(direct memory access，直接内存存取)dvd(digital video disk，数字视频光盘)eide(enhanced integrated drive electronics，增强形电子集成驱动器)fat(file allocation tables，文件分配表)fdbm(fluid dynamic bearing motors，液态轴承马达)fdc(floppy disk controller，软盘驱动器控制装置)fdd(floppy disk driver，软盘驱动器)gmr(giant magnetoresistive，巨型磁阻)hda(head disk assembly，磁头集合)hifd(high-capacity floppy disk，高容量软盘)ide(integrated drive electronics，电子集成驱动器)lba(logical block addressing，逻辑块寻址)mbr(master boot record，主引导记录)mtbf(mean time before failure，平均故障时间)pio(programmed input output，可编程输入输出模式)prml(partial response maximum likelihood，最大可能部分反应，用于提高磁盘读写传输率)rpm(rotation per minute，转/分)rsd: removable storage device(移动式存储设备)scsi(small computer system interface，小型计算机系统接口)scma：scsi configured auto magically，scsi自动配置s.m.a.r.t.(self-monitoring， analysis and reporting technology，自动监测、分析和报告技术)sps(shock protection system，抗震保护系统) sta(scsi trade association，scsi同业公会)ultra dma(ultra direct memory access，超高速直接内存存取)lvd(low voltage differential)seagate硬盘技术discwizard(磁盘控制软件)dst(drive self test，磁盘自检程序)seashield(防静电防撞击外壳) 光驱atapi(at attachment packet interface)bcf(boot catalog file，启动目录文件)bif(boot image file，启动映像文件)cdr(cd recordable，可记录光盘)cd-rom/xa(cdrom extended architecture，唯读光盘增强形架构)cdrw(cd-rewritable，可重复刻录光盘)clv(constant linear velocity，恒定线速度)dae(digital audio extraction，数据音频抓取)ddss(double dynamic suspension system，双悬浮动态减震系统)ddss ii(double dynamic suspension system ii，第二代双层动力悬吊系统)pcav(part constant angular velocity，部分恒定角速度)vcd(video cd，视频cd) 计算机术语 RAM & ROMabp: address bit permuting，地址位序列改变atc(access time from clock，时钟存取时间)bsram(burst pipelined synchronous static ram，突发式管道同步静态存储器) cas(column address strobe，列地址控制器)cct(clock cycle time，时钟周期)db: deep buffer(深度缓冲)ddr sdram(double date rate，双数据率sdram)dil(dual-in-line)dimm(dual in-line memory modules，双重内嵌式内存模块)dram(dynamic random access memory，动态随机存储器)drdram(direct rambus dram，直接rambus内存)ecc(error checking and correction，错误检查修正)eeprom(electrically erasable programmable rom，电擦写可编程只读存储器)fm: flash memory(快闪存储器)fmd rom (fluorescent material read only memory，荧光质只读存储器)pirom：processor information rom，处理器信息rompledm: phase-state low electron(hole)-number drive memoryqbm(quad band memory，四倍边带内存)rac(rambus asic cell，rambus集成电路单元)ras(row address strobe，行地址控制器)rdram(rambus direct ram，直接型rambusram)rimm(rambus in-line memory modules，rambus内嵌式内存模块)sdr sdram(single date rate，单数据率sdram)sgram(synchronous graphics ram，同步图形随机储存器)so-dimm(small outline dual in-line memory modules，小型双重内嵌式内存模块)spd(serial presence detect，串行存在检查)sram(static random access memory，静态随机存储器)sstl-2(stub series terminated logic-2)tsops(thin small outline packages，超小型封装)uswv(uncacheable， speculative， write-combining非缓冲随机混合写入)vcma(virtual channel memory architecture，虚拟通道内存结构) 计算机术语 音频3dpa(3d positional audio，3d定位音频)ac(audio codec，音频多媒体数字信号编解码器)auxiliary input(辅助输入接口)cs(channel separation，声道分离)ds3d(directsound 3d streams)dsd(direct stream digital，直接数字信号流)dsl(down loadable sample，可下载的取样音色)dls-2(downloadable sounds level 2，第二代可下载音色)eax(environmental audio extensions，环境音效扩展技术)extended stereo(扩展式立体声)fm(frequency modulation，频率调制)fir(finite impulse response，有限推进响应)fr(frequence response，频率响应)fse(frequency shifter effect，频率转换效果)hrtf(head related transfer function，头部关联传输功能)iid(interaural intensity difference，两侧声音强度差别)iir(infinite impulse response，无限推进响应)interactive around-sound(交互式环绕声)interactive 3d audio(交互式3d音效)itd(interaural time difference，两侧声音时间延迟差别)midi: musical instrument digital interface(乐器数字接口)nda: non-dword-aligned ，非dword排列raw pcm: raw pulse code modulated(元脉码调制)rma: realmedia architecture(实媒体架构)rtsp: real time streaming protocol(实时流协议)sacd(super audio cd，超级音乐cd)snr(signal to noise ratio，信噪比)s/pdif(sony/phillips digital interface，索尼/飞利普数字接口)srs: sound retrieval system(声音修复系统)surround sound(环绕立体声)super intelligent sound asic(超级智能音频集成电路)thd+n(total harmonic distortion plus noise，总谐波失真加噪音)qem(qsound environmental modeling，qsound环境建模扬声器组)wg(wave guide，波导合成)wt(wave table，波表合成) 计算机术语 视频3d：three dimensional，三维3ds(3d subsystem，三维子系统)ae(atmospheric effects，雾化效果)afr(alternate frame rendering，交替渲染技术)anisotropic filtering(各向异性过滤)appe(advanced packet parsing engine，增强形帧解析引擎)av(analog video，模拟视频)back buffer，后置缓冲backface culling(隐面消除)battle for eyeballs(眼球大战，各3d图形芯片公司为了争夺用户而作的竞争)bilinear filtering(双线性过滤)cem(cube environment mapping，立方环境映射)cg(computer graphics，计算机生成图像)clipping(剪贴纹理)clock synthesizer，时钟合成器compressed textures(压缩纹理)concurrent command engine，协作命令引擎center processing unit utilization，中央处理器占用率dac(digital to analog converter，数模传换器)decal(印花法，用于生成一些半透明效果，如：鲜血飞溅的场面)dfp(digital flat panel，数字式平面显示器)dfs: dynamic flat shading(动态平面描影)，可用作加速dithering(抖动)directional light，方向性光源dme: direct memory execute(直接内存执行)dof(depth of field，多重境深)dot texture blending(点型纹理混和)double buffering(双缓冲区)dir(direct rendering infrastructure，基层直接渲染)dvi(digital video interface，数字视频接口)dxr: dynamicxtended resolution(动态可扩展分辨率)dxtc(direct x texture compress，directx纹理压缩，以s3tc为基础)dynamic z-buffering(动态z轴缓冲区)，显示物体远近，可用作远景e-ddc(enhanced display data channel，增强形视频数据通道协议，定义了显示输出与主系统之间的通讯通道，能提高显示输出的画面质量)edge antialiasing，边缘抗锯齿失真e-edid(enhanced extended identification data，增强形扩充身份辨识数据，定义了电脑通讯视频主系统的数据格式)execute buffers，执行缓冲区environment mapped bump mapping(环境凹凸映射)extended burst transactions，增强式突发处理front buffer，前置缓冲flat(平面描影)frames rate is king(帧数为王)fsaa(full scene antialiasing，全景抗锯齿)fog(雾化效果)flip double buffered(反转双缓存)fog table quality(雾化表画质)gart(graphic address remappng table，图形地址重绘表) gouraud shading，高洛德描影，也称为内插法均匀涂色gpu(graphics processing unit，图形处理器)gtf(generalized timing formula，一般程序时间，定义了产生画面所需要的时间，包括了诸如画面刷新率等)hal(hardware abstraction layer，硬件抽像化层)hardware motion compensation(硬件运动补偿)hdtv(high definition television，高清晰度电视)hel: hardware emulation layer(硬件模拟层)high triangle count(复杂三角形计数)icd(installable client driver，可安装客户端驱动程序)idct(inverse discrete cosine transform，非连续反余弦变换，geforce的dvd硬件强化技术)immediate mode，直接模式ippr: image processing and pattern recognition(图像处理和模式识别)large textures(大型纹理)lf(linear filtering，线性过滤，即双线性过滤)lighting(光源)lightmap(光线映射)local peripheral bus(局域边缘总线)mipmapping(mip映射)modulate(调制混合)motion compensation，动态补偿motion blur(模糊移动)mpps：million pixels per second，百万个像素/秒multi-resolution mesh，多重分辨率组合multi threaded bus master，多重主控multitexture(多重纹理)nerest mipmap(邻近mip映射，又叫点采样技术)overdraw(透支，全景渲染造成的浪费)partial texture downloads(并行纹理传输)parallel processing perspective engine(平行透视处理器)pc(perspective correction，透视纠正)pgc(parallel graphics configuration，并行图像设置)pixel(picture element，图像元素，又称p像素，屏幕上的像素点)point light(一般点光源)point sampling(点采样技术，又叫邻近mip映射)precise pixel interpolation，精确像素插值procedural textures(可编程纹理)ramdac(random access memory digital to analog converter，随机存储器数/模转换器)reflection mapping(反射贴图)render(着色或渲染)s端子(seperate)s3(