高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（20）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（20）及答案阅读理解a new oral medication to treat patients in the early stages of multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化) has shown considerable promise in two clinical trials, researchers announced on wednesday. the medication is on track to become just the third oral drug available to m.s. patients, and potentially the safest and most effective, experts said. the second oral drug, called aubagio, was approved just last week. the new trials, published online in the new england journal of medicine, found that the drug bg-12, developed by biogen idec, reduced relapsing m.s rates(旧病复发率)in patients by about 50 percent. the drug also obviously reduced the frequency of new brain damage , and slowed the progression of disease compared with a placebo(安慰剂). in the two clinical trials, called define and confirm, patients were divided into two groups at random, taking 240 milligrams of bg-12 either twice or three times a day. patients in a third group took a placebo. the combined results showed that the drug reduced the relapse rate by about 50 percent. taking bg-12 twice a day reduced the number of newly enlarging brain damages by 71 percent to 99 percent. the define trial found a statistically significant 38 percent reduction in the progression to disability. the most frequent side effects were a temporary flushing(脸红)and warm feeling and other symptoms including nausea, diarrhea, cramping and vomiting. though both types of side effects were common, they tended to reduce after the first few weeks of use and were tolerated by most patients. however, interferons, the drugs most commonly used in relapsing m.s., reduce relapses by about 30 percent, and have not been shown to slow the progression of the disease and disability. the newly approved aubagio also reduces relapses by about 30 percent, and it has the advantage of being an oral drug. bg-12 is an anti-inflammatory that works by protecting nerves against injury. “the safety track record is well known and appears to be very strong,” said dr. robert fox, lead author of one of the new studies and medical director of the mellen center for multiple sclerosis treatment.“its a bright day for m.s. patients, but there is a gray cloud in that we still dont have anything for those with progressive m.s.,” he added.63. which of the following is not the function of bg-12? a. it can slow the progression to disability significantly. b. it can reduce relapses rates in patients with relapsing m.s. c. it can decrease the number of brain damages caused by m.s. d. it can make patients excited and ensure patients have a warm feeling. 64. what can you infer from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? a. bg-12 can relieve the pain from the patients suffering from m.s. b. there is hope but still a long way to find a cure for progressive m.s.c. scientists can not invent medication for patients with progressive m.s.d. patients in the early stages of m.s will still suffer a lot in the future.65. which can be the best title for the text? a. advantages of bg-12 b. good news for the patientsc. comparisons between three drugs d. a new oral medication for the early m.s. 【考点定位】考查句子理解。65.【答案】d【解析】本文是对新发明的一种治疗多发性硬化的口服药物的介绍。【考点定位】考查文章主旨。 1、（福州市2011届高三年级第一次质量检查） who hasnt found themselves reaching for the closest food available when theyre tired and stressed? more and more research is proving that this isnt all in our mindsome foods really do lead to a change in our moods(心情) carbohydrate(碳水化合物)for calm this is how some people medicate themselves with foodby reaching for cookies or pasta(意大利面食)whenever theyre upsetunfortunately，it doesnt always workyou must eat a meal consisting of 100carbohydrate，on an empty stomach，to obtain the serotonin(血清素)increase so that you have a good mood to get the wished-for effectyou must not eat anything for four hours and then eat at least 30 grams of straight carbohydratedry cereal(谷类食品)，a piece of bread with jam，or a potato should do the trick protein(蛋白质)for power of coursesometimes we dont need to be calm and sleepysometimes we need a great deal of mental concentration，so this is when its important to mix protein and carbohydratethe protein will prevent the tryptophan(色氨酸)from flooding your brain，and the rise in serotonin wont occur why dessert makes us happy fat and sugar cause the brain to let go endorphins(内啡肽)，which send pleasure signals throughout the bodythis would be fine，except humans are not particularly good at stopping at one cookie or cake you can also satisfy your sweet tooth by choosing fruit for dessert timing your meals for energy blood sugar drops after four hours of going without food，causing a decrease in energyeating usually fixes this within 20 to 30 minutes，but dont suppose that eating more will cause a faster increase in energy. when you eat has as much of an effect on your mood as what you eat. if you regularly go for a long period of time between meals，rethink your schedule and plan ahead.(1)the underlined phrase in the third paragraph means_.a. be extremely smartb. intend to cheat someonec. bring about the desired result d. do something to amuse people(2)the function of protein is_.a. to help you keep calm-and-sleepyb. to make you feel energeticc. to lead you to slownessd. to increase serotonin in your brain(3)we can infer from the last two parts that_.a. fat and sugar can greatly help people feel happyb. we humans tend to eat lots of cookies and cakesc. the more we eat, the faster we will gain energyd. what we eat is more important than when we eat(4)the main idea of the passage is_.a. eating for a better mood b. eating to make you calmc. eating for more protein d. eating to make us strong（浙江省温州市2011年高三第一次适应性测试） every time brisa shoos for cooking oil，she checks the label to make sure she is not buying genetically-modified(gm转基因) soy oil. i am not sure whether gm food is safe or not. it just sounds scaring. said brisa，a 47-year-old food safety-conscious consumer who works in a hospital as an accountant. i prefer non-gm soy oil，although it is more expensive than gm oil. while there has been no evidence to show gm food is harmful to humans, argument about it has arisen after the ministry of agriculture gave permission to two pest-resistant(抗病虫的)gm rice varieties and a com variety in november last yeara major step in promoting the research and planting of gm crops. officials，researchers and scientists are divided over whether and when gm food should be put in to market. supporters and opponents(反对者)have also been facing off over environmental safety and economic security issues. the government has put food security high in its national development plans. national grain output reached 531 million tons last year，government data showed. but summer grain output fell by 0.3 percent this year to 123.1 million tons because of drought and low temperatures in grain-producing regions. with all increasing population and inure natural disasters. policy makers are eyeing technology as a solution and hoping disease-resistant and high-yield(高产的)crops developed by gm i technology will help solve the growing problem of food shortages. supporters of gm food believe that such crops will help increase output and reduce the pressure on food supply caused by decreasing farmlands and frequent natural disasters in the world. gm crops have also fewer insects and diseases，which means they are safer for human beings and the environment，they argue. however，opponents say any gm food，as a completely new product. should be absolutely safe before it is made available to the public. they argue that if insects dont eat gm crops，how can you expect people to eat them? in 2006,countries that grew 97of the global gm crops were the united states(53)，argentina(17)，brazil (11)，canada(6)，india(4)，china(3)，paraguay(2)and south africa(1).the next decade will see great progress in gm product development. technologies for gm foods offer dramatic promise for meeting some of the 21st centurys greatest challenges. like all new technologies. they also have some risks, both known and unknown. debates surrounding gm foods and crops commonly focus on human and environmental safety，labeling and consumer choice，intellectual property rights，food security，poverty reduction，and environmental protection. (2)the underlined phrasefacing offmeans_. a. turning against each other b. supporting each other c. 1poking down on each other d. suspecting each other(3)it is implied in the passage that_. a. gm crops have no diseases b. food shortage is a bin threat c. gm crops reduce the output d. non-gm foods are not safe(4)the writer wishes us to_. a. accept gm foods happily b. reject gm foods bravely c. participate in the debate d. know about the argument【解析】转基因食品，是福还是祸?在本文中，作者向我们详细介绍了转基因作物和食物方面的知识，从而让读者自己去探索转基因的是与非。 (1)b 事实细节题。从文章第二段中的“argument about it has arisen after the ministry of agriculture gave permission.”可知，当农业部允许转基因作物种植后，人们便开始了对转基因食品可能的危害性的争论，所以答案选b项。(2)a词义理解题。从文章第三段内容可知官员、研究人员和科学家就转基因食物是否应该投入市场和什么时候投入市场这个问题产生分歧，同时支持者和反对者在环境安全和经济安全问题上也产生对峙，由此可知face off在文中表示“对峙，和对抗”故选a项。(3)b逻辑推理题。从文章第五段内容可知随着人口的快速增长，自然灾害频繁发生，政策制定者希望转基因技术能生产出抗病的、高产的农作物以此来帮助解决食物短缺的问题。由此可推知食物短缺是个大问题，据此选b项。(4)d作者意图题。从全文可知，作者告诉读者一些人们对转基因作物和食物的争论，但他自己却没阐述自己的观点，由此可知答案选d项。 joanne rowling, born on 31 july 1965, is an english fiction writer who writes under the pen name j. k. rowling. rowling is the author of the harry potter fantasy series, which has gained international attention, won multiple awards, and sold over 375 million copies worldwide.jk rowlings new novel arrives with the high drama and state secrecy of a royal birth. its due date is announced in february, and in april the disclosure of its title, the casual vacancy, makes international news. the release of the cover image in july commands headlines again, and fleet street(英国媒体) commissions (委托) a “design guru” to analyze its mysterious artistic beauty, in search of clues as to what might lie within. waterstones(英国连锁书店) predicts the novel will be “the bestselling fiction title this year”. literary critics begin to publish preliminary (初步的) reviews, revealing what they think they will think about a book they have not yet even read. i am required to sign more legal documents than would typically be involved in buying a house before i am allowed to read the casual vacancy, under tight security in the london offices of little, brown. even the publishers have been forbidden to read it, and they give me the manuscript carefully, religiously, as though handling a priceless ming vase. afterwards, i am instructed never to disclose the address of rowlings edinburgh office where the interview will take place. in the 15 years since she published her first harry potter, rowling has become both universally known and almost unrecognizable. the untidy redhair who used to write in the cafes of leith has slowly transformed into a shiny fashionable lady, one who is beyond recognition behind wealth and control. once a penniless single mother, she became the first person on earth to make $1billion by writing books, but her rare public appearances suggested a faint ice maiden quality. rowling is completely relaxed about this arrangement. warm and energetic, quick to laugh, she chatters so freely that her publicist gets nervous and tells her to lower her voice. “am i speaking too loud?” she doesnt look a bit concerned. “well, i cant get passionate and whisper!” when i tell her i loved the book, her arms shoot up in celebration. “oh my god! im so happy! thats so amazing to hear. thank you so much! youve made me incredibly happy. oh my god!” anyone listening would take her for a debut author, meeting her first ever fan. in a way, thats what she is. rowling has written seven harry potter books, and sold more than 450m copies, but her first novel for adults is unlike them in every respect.“obviously i need to be in some form of vehicle to have a decent idea,” she laughs. having dreamed up potter on a train, “this time i was on a plane. and i thought: local election! and i just knew. i had that totally physical response you get to an idea that you know will work. its a rush of adrenaline (肾上腺素), its chemical. i had it with harry potter and i had it with this. so thats how i know.”66. the “design guru” in paragraph 2 is probably _.a. a publisher b. a reader c. a writer d. an expert67. why was the author