高考英语阅读理解巩固精品练习题（17）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品练习题（17）及答案阅读理解（e）against the supposition (猜想)that forest fires in alaska, canada and siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.this finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over the next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.this is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat. scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. ozone（臭氧） levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. the following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling. “we need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” scientists tracked the change in the amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicted, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. the net effect is cooling. watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.72. according to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _.a. result in a warming climate b. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyc. lead to a longer fire season d. protect the forests and the environment there73. earlier studies about northern forest fires _.a. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateb. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmospherec. suggest that people should take measures to protect environmentd. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming74. the underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means _.a. released b. absorbed c. created d. distributed75. from the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in alaska, canada and siberia may _.a. warm the climate as the supposition goesb. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climatec. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iced. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy【参考答案】71-75adbb阅读理解-bstudies show that laughter is something that makes you feel calm or relaxed for both physical and psychological wounds though it may seem futile to laugh in the face of pain and fearwhen dan rather interviewed comedian bill cosby just one week after his son, ennis, was killed, cosby said, “i think it is time for me to tell people that we have to laughyou can turn painful situations around through laughterif you can find humor in anything, you can survive it”call it a flashlight for dark times: laughter just seems to adjust attitude better than anything elseinspirational speaker steve rizzo recalls a tv interview with an injured firefighter a few days after 911the man had fallen more than 30 stories in one of the towers and had broken a legeveryone was crying, and the reporter asked, “how is it that youve come out of this alive?” he looked at her and without missing a beat, said, “look, lady, im from new york and im a firefighter; that all you need to know”“everyone laughed and though the laughter was only a couple of seconds,” says rizzo“sometimes thats all you need to catch your second breathlaughter gives you that couple of secondsyoure sending a message to your brain, and the message is: if you can still laugh even a little among the pain, you are going to be ok”of course, there is a difference between laughing off a serious situation and laughing off the fear that resultsthe firefighter was doing the latter, states rizzo, the author of becoming a humorous being, and so should we“if there is anything we have learnt from 911, its how precious life really is,” she says“we have to send a message that our spirit wont dieone important thing that unites us is our ability to laugh” 60the writer uses the examples of the comedian and the firefighter to show alaughter is a good way to get rid of pain and fearblaughter is the best way to cure psychological woundscit is your attitude that decides whether you can survive the pain or notdlaughing off a serious situation is different from laughing off the fear that results61we can infer from the passage that steve rizzo is aa reporter ba soldier ca firefighter da doctor62the underlined word futile in the first paragraph means ahopeless buseless ccareless dworthless63from the passage, we can know that americans are areally inspired after 911 bhardly united after 911cnearly surprised by 911 dgreatly hurt by 91160a 【解析】逻辑推断题。根据文章第一段studies show that laughter is something that makes you feel calm or relaxed for both physical and psychological wounds though it may seem futile to laugh in the face of pain and fear可以看出这是文章的主旨，下面的两个例子都是围绕着这个主旨展开的，所有推断出a选项“笑能够摆脱痛苦和恐惧”最符合题意。所以选a。61a 【解析】细节推理题。根据文章states rizzo, the author of becoming a humorous being可以看出steve rizzo是一个作者，所有a reporter最符合他的身份。所以选a。62b 【解析】词汇推测题。从文章第一段though it may seem futile to laugh in the face of pain and fear，再结合上下文可知，笑能够给生理和心理以放松，虽然有时候看起来在面对痛苦和恐惧可能会失去作用。可知道futile解释为useless符合题意。所以选b。63d 【解析】主旨推测题。根据文章最后段可以推测出美国人受到了911的严重的伤害。所以应该选d。 （安徽卷）apassage 1the information highway is the road that links computer users to a large number of on-line services: the web, e-mail, and software, to mention just a few. not long ago, the information highway was a new road, with not many users. now, everyone seems to want to take a drive, with over 30 million families connected worldwide. not surprisingly, this well-traveled highway is starting to look like a well-traveled highway. traffic jams can cause many serious problems, forcing the system to close down for repair. naturally, accidents will happen on such a crowed road, and usually victims are some files, gone forever. then, of course, theres mr. cool, with his new broad-band connection, who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go. but dont trick yourself; he pays for that speeding.passage 2want to know more about global warming and how you can help prevent it? doctor herman friedman, who is considered a leading expert on the subject, will speak at grayson hall next friday. friedman studied environmental science at three well-known universities around the world before becoming a professor in the subject. he has also traveled around the world observing environmental concerns. the gradual bleaching (变白) of the great barrier reef, which came into the public eye in 2002, is his latest interest. signed copies of his colorful book, which was published just last month, will be on sale after his talk.【文章大意】本文分两部分，第一篇介绍信息高速公路的情况；第二篇介绍doctor herman friedman的情况。56. the information highway .a. is free from traffic accidentsb. is crowded with car driversc. offers just a few on-line servicesd. appeals to a large number of users【解析】选d。细节理解题。由第一篇短文中的now, everyone seems to want to take a drive, with over 30 million families connected worldwide可知，信息高速公路深受广大用户喜爱，故d项正确。由naturally, accidents will happen on such a crowed road, and usually victims are some files, gone forever.可知a项错误；由now, everyone seems to want to take a drive可知，人人都想使用信息高速公路，b项中的car drivers概念错误；由 a large number of on-line services:和the web, e-mail, and software, to mention just a few可知，on-line services的内容包含很多，故c项错误。57. how does mr. cool manage to travel the information highway so fast?a. by storing fewer files.b. by repair the system.c. by buying a better computer.d. by using a broad-band connection.【解析】选d。细节理解题。由第一篇文章中的theres mr. cool, with his new broad-band connection, who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go可知d项正确。58. what can be learned from passenger 2?a. there will be a book show at grayson hall. b. friedman is now studying the great barrier reef.c. there will be a talk on global warming this week.d. friedman is a leading expert on computer science.【解析】选b。推理判断题。由第二篇文章中的the gradual bleaching (变白) of the great barrier reef is his latest interest可知b项正确。a项中的a book show错误；c项中的this week错误；d项中的on computer science错误。59. passage 2 is most probably .a. a poster about a lectureb. an ad for a new bookc. a note to a doctor in a universityd. an introduction to a professor【解析】选a。主旨大意题。通读第二篇文章可知，全文是围绕着doctor herman friedman在global warming方面的talk展开，故a项正确。 5.（2011湖南卷）awhen first entered, vanak restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob（烤肉串）hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything less.owned by a local couple, this persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.the space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming. lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customers, especially those experienced in the delights of middle eastern cooking. a common sight is that of old persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on tv, drinking a black tea known as persian chai, an reading local persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plates piled with food.the variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well.the food, especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill （烤肉架）.the main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different style of grilled meat.one delicious and extremely healthy dish is the joojeh kabob, which is made of grille chicken pieces served with cither rice or bread. another great kabob is the cbelo kabob, kabob consisting of grilled beef.although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious. it is a place that should not be overlooked.56. when first entering the restaurant, one can find that it _.a. is splendidly decoratedb. has pleasant smells of kabobsc. is crowded with dining tablesd. looks like a common restaurant57. what activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?a. watching news events on tv.b. drinking a kind of black coffee.c. reading local english newspapers.d. discussing world topics in low voices.58. the food of the restaurant _. a. is served in small amountsb. is rather expensivec. is rich in varietyd. is very healthy59. what is the dish joojeh kabob mainly made of?a. rice b. chicken c. bread d. beef60. it can be inferred from the passage that the restaurant _.a. occupies a large spaceb. owns a favorable locationc. is popular for its special foodd. has a quiet environment inside56. first entering the r定位，找到首段首句首句，but后面the pleasant smells of kabob与b选项一致57. apart from dinning定位，要找到除了吃还能在该餐厅干嘛，定位不太明显可参照选项tv, coffee, newspaper等，找到第五段第一句，talking loudly排除d；watching tv符合b；black tea排除b；persian newspaper排除c58. food 定位，找到第六段，第一句：varietyis limited排除a, amountis fairly large 排除c，第二句排除b，第七段health-conscious, very healthy确定d59. jk定位，找到倒数第二段made of grilled chicken piece确定b60. 结合已经做过的题目可以确定c。其他选项：第三段首句the space is small与a矛盾；第四段首句hardly noticeable street corner 与b矛盾；第五段首句talking loudly（也是第57题d选项的错误原因）与d矛盾阅读理解-csome futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge（剧增）of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriagemany women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marrythe converse（反面）of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriagein the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decisionnow, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partnerdata show that economic downturns tend to putting off marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days aheadas the economy comes to life, the number of marriages also risesthe increase in divorce rates follows to the increase in women working outside the homeyet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusionsthe impact of a wifes work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisionsthe realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriagebut the reverse is equally plausible（似是而非的）tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriageby raising a familys standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her familys financial and emotional stabilitypsychological factors also should be consideredfor example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the houseshe may view her only choice as seeking a divorceon the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable unionalso, a major part of womens inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinnersa working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the housedepending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal