英语：名师精心总结-2010高考必备经典句型.doc

名师精心总结：2010高考必备经典句型1.as soon as一就= directly / immediately / instantly= the second / the minute / the moment / the instant Eg. He came around to see me as soon as / the moment/ immediately he checked in the hotel. 他刚一入住宾馆就来看我. They informed us the news immediately / directly they got it. 他们一得到消息就通知了我们. The policeman came to the spot the moment / the instant / the minute she heard of the accident.一听说事故,这位警察就到了现场.2.before.(1). 没来得及就 The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. 他还没有来得及冲进房间把孩子就出来,房顶就塌了. He ran off before I could stop him. To my great disappointment , my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with him.(2).过了多久才怎么样,动作进行到什么程度才怎样 They walked about thirty miles to the west before they saw a village. They worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal. Three years passed before I knew it. 3.It was + 时间段 + before.过了多久才. ; It was not long before 不久就It will ( not ) be + 时间段 + before 要过多久 ( 不久).才. Eg. It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position. It was three years before he came back. It will be half a year before you graduate from this school.4. no sooner than= hardlywhen一就., 刚刚就 No sooner / hardly + 过去完成时,than / when + 一般过去时 如果no sooner, hardly 位于句首, 主句要倒装. He had hardly sat down to have a rest when the door bell rang and in came Allan. No sooner had he got off the train than his daughter ran towards him. Hardly had we arrived when she started crying to go home.5. once 一旦., 表示时间和条件 Once you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty. Once you have decided to do something, you should do it well. Once you enter the chemistry lab, you should follow the teachers instructions.6. since 自从.以来 Since 引导的从句不论是延续性或非延续性动词, 都表示的是动作或状态的完成或结束. 注意一下句子翻译: Since he lived in Nanjing, I have not heard from him. (= since he left Nanjing) 自从他离开南京以来,我没有收到过他的信. Since she was in Yangzhou, she has kept in touch with her former friends. ( since she left Yangzhou) 她离开扬州以来,一直同过去的朋友保持着联系.对比: 1). I have never seen him since he was ill.他病好后,我就再也没有见到他. 2). I have never seen him since he fell ill. 他生病以后我就再也没有见过他. It is / ( has been ) + 时间段 + since + 过去式 It is / has been two years since his father died. = his father has been dead for two years. = his father died two years ago.他的父亲去世两年了. It has been 8 years since I graduated from university. = I graduated from university 8 years ago. It is 3 years since he smoked. 他三年不吸烟了.(即,从句动词延续性的,译成否定意义;从句动词非延续性的,译成肯定意义.) It is 3 years since he left school.-他毕业三年了.7.until直到时候; notuntil直到才 You are to stay here until / till your mother comes back. The meeting was put off until ten oclock. Not until we watched the Earth Day program on TV did we know much about global warning. = We did not know much about global warning until we watched the Earth Day program. = It was not until we watched the Earth Day program on TV that we knew much about global warming. Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games.8. when引导并列分句, “当时,突然”,强调另一动作的突然发生. One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashed. Chuck survived the crash and landed on a deserted island. I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy crying for help. I was about to leave when it began to rain. 对比: A: I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailors shop. B: I was walking along the streets. Just at that moment I caught sight of a tailors shop.9. while = although尽管 While I admit that the problem is difficult, I dont think that it cant be solved. While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. While I was angry with her, I didnt lose my temper.10. where 地点状语 You should put the book where it was. Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure. Where there is a will, there is a way.Where men are greedy, there is never peace. Go where you should, keep on studying.11. as 引导的行为方式状语从句. Please do exactly as your doctor says. You must do the exercises just as I show you As it is = as things are照现在的情形看 He promised to study hard, but as it is , he does no better than before. Leave the house as it is. Id like to buy it as it is.12. as if ( as though ) 好像 He looked at me as if I were mad. He was in great trouble, but he acted if / though nothing had happened. Although they just met for the first time, they talked as if they had been friends for many years. There many black clouds in the sky. It looks as if it is going to rain.13. though, although, as “虽然”, 引导让步状语从句. Although位于句首; though 位于句首或句中;as位于句中= though = that, 它的词序是把句中强调的形容词,副词,动词或名词放在连词前. 注意观察下列句式变化: Although / Though Im young, I already know what career I want to follow. = Young as / though / that I am, I already know what career I want to follow. Although I respect him very much, I can not agree with his idea. = Much as / that / though I respect him, I can not agree with his idea. Although / though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. = Child as / though / that he is , he knows a lot of Chinese characters. Although he tried, he couldnt solve the problem. = Try as he might, he couldnt solve the problem. Although it is raining, I am going out for a walk. = Raining as it is, I am going out for a walk.14. even if = even though 即使也; 即便也 Even if / though I have to sell my house, Ill keep my business going. She wont attend such parties even though/ if she is invited. You are not stupid. Even though/ if you were slow in study, you shouldnt give up studies. The boy was badly injured and died at last. Even if he had been attended without delay, he couldnt have been saved.15. whether or不管还是 Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned. Whether he drives or takes the train, he will be here on time. Any person, whether young or old, has his worth, independent of achievements, bank accounts or looks.16. 疑问词+ ever Whatever ,whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whoever均引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter 与what, who, which, when, where, how连用. Whatever ( = No matter what ) may happen, we shall not lose hope. Whoever / No matter who comes, he will be welcome. Whenever / No matter when it happened, it was certainly not yesterday. Wherever / No matter where he went, he made friends with people.17. unless 除非,如果不 (= ifnot) I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. -Shall Tom go and play football? -Not unless he has finished his homework. Unless the sun were to rise in the west, I wouldnt break my word. I wont attend his birthday party unless invited (= unless I am invited)18. as/so long as 只要 So /as long as you keep on trying, you will surely succeed. So/ as long as you stick to your plans for your study, you are sure to make great progress. -What are you going to do this afternoon? -I will probably go for a walk later on so long as it stays fine.19. supposing/ suppose (that)假定; 假如 Suppose/ supposing (that) I dont have a day off, what shall we do? Suppose x equals to y, then you can work out the result. Providing/ provided (that) = on condition that 假如, 在条件下 Ill lend you the money on condition that you can return it in three months. Ill go providing/ provided that my expenses are paid.20. given (that) = take .into consideration 鉴于, 考虑到 Given the governments record on unemployment, their chances of winning the election look poor. Given their interest in children/ given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. Granted that的确 Granted that its a splendid car, but have you seen what it costs?21. in case that 万一; 以防; in case of + n 万一 In case (that) John comes/ should come, please tell him to wait. (in case that 后谓语用一般现在时或should +动词原型) Please remind me about it in case I forget / should forget. Please take my umbrella in case (that) it rains/ should rain. In case of fire, what should we do?22. 祈使句(表条件)+ or else/ or / otherwise+ 主句(表结果).否则,要不然. Please call me up before you come, otherwise/ or else/ or we might be out. Hurry up, or you will be late. 祈使句(表条件)+ and + 主句(表结果) Give him an inch and he will take a mile. Be united and cooperate with each other and only in this way can we save our earth.23. as(so)as和一样 Henry is as good a player as Peter (is). He worked as fast as a skilled worker (did). We will give you as much help as we can.24. 形容词/副词比较级+than 注意: 形容词和副词的比较级前还可以加一个表示程度的修饰语,常用的修饰语是: (1).a little, a bit, slightly稍微;一些 (2). Much, a lot, greatly, a great deal, far, by far.得多 (3). Still, even, rather 更 (4). Any一般用于疑问句,表示 一些”; “稍微” (5). 倍数或数量词. This text is a little (a bit) more difficult than the other. He has made far greater progress this term than he did last term. With the development of society, people in China are a good deal richer than before. He is two years older than = he is older than I by two years. Asia is three times larger than Europe. =Asia is three times as large as Europe. =Asia is three times the size of Europe. 还应注意,当more 作为many, much 的比较级时,其修饰语分别是 (1).many, a few, + more + 可数名词复数 (2)much, a little , a bit, a great deal+ more + 不可数名词 (3).a lot, some, far, any +more+ 可数或不可数均可,more译作 “另外” Ive made a lot (many) more mistakes than youve He has built up a large business and earned much more money than before.25. by far 最.; 比.得多 注意:by far既可修饰比较级又可修饰最高级,注意by far在句中的位置. He worked harder by far than his elder brother. He is by far the taller of the two basketball players. He is by far the tallest of all the players on the team. His explanation is by far clearer than the old one.26. the +比较级., the +比较级越,越. The more you need, the better you understand. The higher up you go, the colder it becomes. A body weighs less the further it gets from the surface of the earth. =The further it gets from the surface of the earth, the less the body weights. The sooner, the better. 27. no +比较级+ than 表示 “ A和B 都不” Not + 比较级 + than 表示 “ A不如B” This book is no more interesting than that one. He works no harder than I .他和我都不用功. He doesnt work harder than I .他不如我用功More than 不仅仅 no more than 只不过,仅仅 not more than = at most 不多于There are no more than ten students in the classroom.There are not more than ten students in the classroom.He is no more than a child, so I dont take him too seriously.In our students eyes, he is more than a teacher, he is more like our friend.More + adj/ n + than + adj / n 与其说倒不如说He is more of a student than of a teacher.与其说他是个老师,倒不如说他是个学生.He is more diligent than clever.与其说他聪明,倒不如说他勤奋.28. superior 较高的,上好的, 出众的,高傲的 Senior 年长的,资格较老的,地位较高的,高级的 Junior 年少的,下级的,和to搭配 This western restaurant is superior to the one we went to last week. He is three years junior to me= He is junior to me three years. She is senior to everyone else in the company.29. so + adj / adv + that ; such ( a/an ) + adj + that “如此.以至于.”引导结果状语从句. His English was so limited that he couldnt understand what the native speakers said. He was so devoted to his students that he often fell ill from overworking. It was such warm weather that we went swimming. Table tennis is such a popular game that people all over the world play it. 还应注意: (1)当名词前有many /much /few / little修饰时,用so+ n = that结构.即so many/ much/few/ little+n+thatThere were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters couldnt get close to the building.The Westerners eat so much fat and sugar that they put on weight easily.The country has so little coal that it has to import large quantities of coal.There are so few fish in the pool that we cant fish them easily.(2)such+ a/ an + adj. + n + that = so + adj.+ a/ an +n + thatHe is such an honest person that you can depend on him when youre in trouble.He is so honest a person that you can depend on him when youre in trouble.(3)由sothat和suchthat引导的结果状语从句的倒装结构.当so和其后的形容词或副词; such 连词后的名词放在句首时,主句使用倒装结构Such great progress has he made in his studies that we all admire him.(4)suchthat 句型的特殊性:such后可以不出现adj和n,也可以倒装.His behavior was such that all his friends deserted him.=Such was his behavior that all his friends deserted him.The force of the explosion was such that all the windows were broken.=Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.30. in order that ; so that (为了.)引导目的状语从句 He got up early in order that / so that he could catch the first bus. He closed all the windows while driving so that he shouldnt catch cold.(so that 否定句要用shouldnt)So that 引导结果状语从句对比: (1).he set off early, so that he caught the first bus. (2).he set off early so that he could catch the first bus.31. so as to / in order to / to 为了.作目的状语 He went home to see his mother. He shouted and waved so as to be noticed. John hurried so as not to be late for the party. Modern equipment is fitted in our classroom for all the students to study well. The letter was read out for all in the court to hear. 注意: to do/ in order to do 可放在句首,so as to 不可 (1)._late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.A. Having slept B. To sleep C. Sleeping D. Sleep (2). -Dad, Why do you buy so many tapes for me to listen to? -_your listening.A. Improve B. Improving C. Having improved D. To improve (3). Do whatever you could _ him.A. help B. to help C. helping D. helping 注意: 只有不定式 to do/ in order to do/ so as to do可以作目的状语 Only to do表示未曾料到的愉快或不愉快的结果: She woke early only to find it was raining. He got home only to learn that his father was ill. He got to the station only to find the train had gone. “Lifting a rock only to drop it on ones feet” is a Chinese folk saying. She hurried back only to find her old friend George waiting for him. 对比: 现在分词表示主句动作所造成的结果: He was caught in the rain, thus catching cold. Their car was caught in the traffic jam, thus causing the delay. To do 作结果状语:( 表示不愉快或意外结果) He must be deaf not to hear that.他聋得听不见. She went abroad never to return.她出国了,结果再也没回来.32. so+ adj/ adv + as to 如此以至于作结果状语: Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle? He was so foolish as to believe such a man. Such.as to如此以至于作结果状语: Dont be so upset, my illness is not such as to cause anxiety. He is such a fool as to think that he is somebody and influence others. 他愚蠢地认为他是个了不起的大人物,可以影响其他人.33. .enough to.作结果状语, “ 足够可以” He is old enough to go to school. To our great surprise, child as he is, he is bold enough to rob passers-by. We are old enough to make a great difference to the world. The champion ran well enough to set up another world record indeed if she had tried harder. 她的确跑得相当快,不过要是她再努力一些,作为冠军就会再次创造一个世界记录.34. tooto 作结果状语, “太.而不能” In my opinion, the problem with most students lies in the fact that they are too shy to speak English in public. We are never too old to learn. He is too clever not to read our tricks.他非常聪明完全可以识破我们的诡计.35. cant / can never 和too , too much, enough, over搭配表示 “无论怎样都不过分” While you are doing your homework, you cant be careful enough. He is such a great man that we cant praise him too much. The development of society has made it necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English, so we cant overemphasize the importance of learning English. Since its a good thing, we cant do it too soon.36. 不定式作主语,it 作形式主语 It + 系动词(be, seem.) + adj / n + (for sb) + to do sth. Its important for us to have a good knowledge of English. Its our duty to help others. Its a pleasure (for us) to go picnicking in such pleasant weather. Its normal for the professional workers these days to prefer to live in the countryside. Its a pity for there to be any disagreement in the family. It + 系动词(be, seem.) + adj / n + (of sb) + to do sth.(adj.表示了人物的品质特征) It is honest of him to return all the money to the loser. How rude of him to treat a child like that! = Its rude of him to treat a child like that.37. 不定式作宾语,it 作形式宾语 主语 + think / believe / feel / make + it + adj / n + of / for sb + to do I believe it quite possible for the enemy to take us by surprise tonight. I think it good manners to say hello to your teachers whenever you meet them. I feel it greedy of him to take possession of his parents house. The development of science has made it quite convenient for us to get in touch with others. The good atmosphere of study has made it possible for us to study well.38. have + n = do 让某人去干.(一次性动作) have + n + doing 让持续(反复进行) have + n + done 请人干/ 使遭受到./ 使某事完成 he had his students translating sentences all the time in class. Ill have the report typed by the secretary. Yesterday on the bus he had his money stolen. Dont be worried, Ill see to the matter and have everything prepared well in advance.39. wont / cant have + n + doing / done不能容忍某行为发生 Its rude of you to speak to mother like that and I wont have you speaking to Mother like that in future. I cant have you smoking like that. We cant have anything done against the school rules.40. get + n + to do 让某人去干(一次性行为) get + n + doing使开始/ 使动起来 get + n + done请人干./使某事做完 the teacher got the student o read the news to his classmates. The boy is always keeping silent. Can