高考英语阅读理解基础训练极品题（20）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础训练极品题（20）及答案第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项，并将答案填 写在答卷上。athe accommodation office (room 114)the accommodation office is the place to find everything concerning accommodation during your studying at this university. it offers a free advisory service and a wide range of handbooks and checklists covering the full range of housing available. in addition, the office also offers other services such as the allocation of places in local residences and the provision of information regarding privately owned accommodation.opening hours ： monday through friday ： 1:30 pm 4:30 pm phone： (412) 396 -6754 fax： (412) 396 _6752 medical center (room 115)the staff of the medical center aim to provide convenient and comprehensive medical care for students and staff of the university. the center is well equipped and the staff here are trained to deal with a broad range of medical problems. both female and male doctors as well as nursing staff are available for consultation. also all kinds of medicines are sold here and are cheaper for students than other drugstores.opening hours ： 24 hours from monday to sunday phone： (412) 396 -6649 fax； (412) 396 -6648 food service (room 127)tasty nutritious meals and a wide variety of snacks are available from the cafeterias on campus. maybe you are not familiar with different cafeterias here and find it difficult to get a good meal. don t worry! the food service can provide you with specific information on the food available here and offer meal plans based on your individual needs.opening hours； monday through friday ； 30 pm 5: 30 pm phone； (412) 396 -6899 fax： (412) 396 -6890 library (room 215)there are various books and reference materials on every subject here including literature art and math. besides books there are also photo-copying video, audiovisual and computing facilities. our collection is big and our main task is to help you solve problems on making use of the library. opening hours ； monday through friday ： 8:30 am 5:30 pm phone： (412) 396 -6312 fax： (412) 396 -670656. jack can adjust himself to the weather but he is having a lot of difficulties in getting used to the diet at the college cafeterias. which of the following should he choose to ask for help?a. medical centre. b. food service. c. room 1 15. d. phone 396 -6312,57. which of the four persons needs to go to accommodation office?a. richard is a foreign student majoring in medicine.b. john is fond of sports. unfortunately he injured his leg while he was playing football this morning.c, mary is going to leave university next year. she is preparing her papers.d. lucy lives far away from the university so she needs to find a new place to live in,58. what can students do in room 215?a, get information on the food available. b, have lessons on math.c. find books on literature. d. ask for medical care.59. whom do you think the author most probably write to?a. anyone who is new in the university. b. someone who wants to get information.c. a new comer who visits the university. d. a person whose child is studying here,【文章大意】本文是篇应用文，介绍大学里各个办公室的工作任务和工作时间以及联系方式。56【答案】b【解析】根据food service一段第二句可。 【考点定位】考查细节理解。57. 【答案】d【解析】a和b选项中的richard和john 应去medical center (room 115)，而c项中的mary应去library (room 215)，d项中的lucy需要住的地方，故应去accommodation office【考点定位】考查细节推断。58. 【答案】c【解析】根据library (room 215)一段可知选c。【考点定位】考查细节理解。59. 【答案】a【解析】本题要求选出读者群，纵观全文，可以推断出这是向大一新生介绍学校的文章，故选a【考点定位】考查作者的写作意图，推理判断。社会现象类(2013湖北，d)a german study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.the paper, published this march in psychology and aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 germans between ages 18 and 96.the surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.the researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.“we observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade，” wrote frieder rlang, a professor at the university of erlangennuremberg.lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.“seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions(预防措施)，”the authors wrote.surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.the authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions.illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.however, the researchers said a pattern was clear.“we found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，” the authors concluded.5according to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?aoptimistic adults. bmiddleaged adults.cadults in poor health. dadults of lower income.解析细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句话“the researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.”可知中年人可以更加精确地预测他们的未来。故选b项。答案b6pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people_.ato fully enjoy their present lifebto estimate their contribution accuratelycto take measures against potential risksdto value health more highly than wealth解析细节理解题。由第六、七段中的关键信息“.people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions.”及“.contribute to taking improved precautions(预防措施).”可知对未来持悲观态度的人会对他们的行动更加小心并且采取一些预防措施，故选c项。答案c7how do people of higher income see their future?athey will earn less money.bthey will become pessimistic.cthey will suffer mental illness.dthey will have less time to enjoy life.解析细节理解题。由第八段第一句话“surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.”可知工资高的人会预料他们未来工资的下降，故选a项。答案a8what is the clear conclusion of the study?apessimism guarantees chances of survival.bgood financial condition leads to good health.cmedical treatment determines health outcomes.dexpectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.解析推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句话“we found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，the authors concluded.”可知对未来生活满意度的预测随年龄的增长而下降。答案d社会生活类-63.in the united states, there were some well-constructed houses for native indians, ranging from the simple brush shelter to the five-storied pueblo. in the eastern united states, one of the existing types was that commonly known under the algonkian name of wigwam in which the iroquois indians lived. the wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends, made by bending young trees to form the round shape. over this shape pieces of tree bark were laid to protect the indians from bad weather. over the bark dried grass was added. a small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top. doorways at each end served also as windows. the iroquois indians built trunk walls all around their villages. the wall had only one opening. they could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near. interestingly, the choctaw indians in mississippi also lived in a wigwam of a most primitive(原始的) construction, but different from those of the iroquois indians. the choctaw indians wigwams, made from mud, cane and straw, were in the form of a bee-hive. the covering was made of a long, tough grass. a post in the centre supported the roof. a hole in the top admitted the light, and allowed the smoke to pass out. the tipi tent-housing of the upper lake and plains area was put up with poles set lightly in the ground, tied together near the top, and covered with bark and grass in the lake country. it was easily portable, and two women could set it up or take it down within an hour. the pawnee, mandan and other indian tribes(部落)along the missouri built solid ring-shaped structures of trunk, covered with earth and dried grass, housing a dozen families. the wichita and other tribes of the texas border built large ring-shaped houses covered with dried grass.apart from the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing. 1. which of the following pictures shows the house for the iroquois indians? 2. according to the passage, the pawnee indians built their houses.a. with openings in the trunk wallsb. large enough for several familiesc. in a ring shape with bark and mudd. by bending young trees to form the shape3. all the native indian houses described in the passage were.a. of the same shapeb. covered with grassc. built with a post in the centred. built with doorways at each end4. the passage suggests that.a. all the native indians built trunk walls all around their housesb. all the native indian houses were built with poles tied togetherc. the iroquois indians took safety into account while building their wigwamsd. the choctaw indians in mississippi built their wigwams with straight sides and ends【参考答案】63.1-4 abbc 阅读理解-bwe chat with our colleagues all the time when we have lunch，gossip in the tearoom，or leave work together. sharing your personal life brings you closer to your co-workers and builds trust within your team. but revealing too much about yourself to colleagues, managers or human resources staff can cause difficulties and even endanger your work.it s important to keep the right balance between getting along with colleagues and maintaining your privacy, “communication in the office is tricky and complicated. you can neither spread chatter, nor be too silent and shut yourself off from others, said yang yudan, deputy hr director at p&g,according to her, there are several safe topics to talk about with colleagues during the break, such as the weather or movies. women like to talk about makeup and clothing, while men are fond of sports and online games. but discussing your private life, such as relationship，habits or health conditions, is a potential minefield.liang kun，26, had to resign from his job at a trading company in guangzhou last week after discussing her income with colleagues during a lunch break. “i didn t realize it was such a serious issue until a senior member of staff went to find the boss, asking why i got a higher salary than her ,”said liang. then our hr told me that according to the employee handbook it is forbidden to talk about salary in the office. ” hr expert yang also reminds us that paychecks are your own business. it is unwise to share this information with others, no matter how close you are.to summarize, yang advises office workers to be more aware of the image they project when talking to colleagues, “ when you share your personal life, it will be recorded on your invisible resume and may slow clown your career progressing. ”60. the author quoted yang yudan in the text to_