语言学客观自测练习及答案 1.doc

语言学客观自测练习及答案 1 I. Directions： Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A， B， C or D in the brackets. （2%X10=20%）1.Modern linguistics differs from traditional grammar for it is mostly _.A.prescriptiveB.descriptiveC. subjectiveD. Latin-based2.A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as _. A. abnormalB. something to be feared C.naturalD. unnatural3.Which of the following sounds is a voiced affricate？ A. dV B.tF C.zD.T4.There are _morphemes in the word “disabled”？ A. one B. twoC. threeD. four5.In English， “dis-“ is called_？ A. a free morpheme B. a suffix C. an infixD. a prefix6.Black English is probably the most widespread and most familiar _ variety of the English language.A. regionalB. ethnic C. social D. lower class7.The pair of words “alive” and “dead” are _.A. gradable antonyms B. complementary antonymsC. relational oppositesD. co-hyponyms8._ belong（s） to the Indo-European language family.A. EnglishB. German C. French D. All of them9.The sentence “Kids like apples” is a_.A.two-place predicationB.three-place predicationC.no-place predicationD.one-place predication10.What is the construction of the sentence： “The baby smiled？”A. subordinate B. coordinateC. exocentric D. endocentricII. Directions： Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word， the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only， and you are not allowed to change the letter given. （1%X10=10%）11. Language is a system of a _ vocal symbols used for human communication.12. The linguistic study of meaning in the context of use is called p_.13. The description of a language as it changes through time is a d_ study.14. According to the Swiss linguist F. de Saussure， p_ refers to the realization of language in actual use.15. The three branches of phonetics are labelled a_ phonetics， auditory phonetics and acoustic phonetics respectively.16. M_ is the smallest meaningful unit of language.17. S_ is a subfield of linguistics that studies the sentence structure of language.18. The term a_ is used for oppositeness of meaning.19. S_ is the subdiscipline of linguistics that studies language in social contexts.20. Variation in language use associated with the sex of individual speakers is called g_varieties.III. Directions： Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false， you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. （2%X10=20%）21.Competence and performance mean， to N. Chomsky， much the same thing.22.The basic difference between a vowel and a consonant is that in the pronunciation of the former it is characterized by the absence of obstruction of the airstream and it does not have a place of articulation in the same sense as a consonant.23.In English， nouns， verbs， prepositions and adverbs are open classes since we can regularly add new words to these classes.24.Sentences are strings of words put together in a random order.25.Sense and reference are two terms often encountered in the study of meaning. They are two related but different aspects of meaning.26.“It is raining hard” is a one-place predication sentence.27.Idiolect is the stylistic variation in a persons speech， or writing， usually ranges on a continuum from casual or colloquial to formal or polite.28.Bilingualism describes a situation in which two very different varieties of language co-exist in a speech community， each with a distinct range of social function and appropriate for certain situations.29.Commissive， a type of illocutionary speech acts by Searle， means bringing about immediate changes by saying something.30.Utterance meaning is based on sentence meaning； the former is concrete and context-dependent and the latter is abstract and de-contextualized.Reference answersI. Directions： Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A， B， C or D in the brackets. （2%X10=20%） 1.B 2. C3. A 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. B8. D9. A10. CII. Directions： Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word， the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only， and you are not allowed to change the letter given. （1%X10=10%）11. arbitrary12. pragmatics13. diachronic 14. parole15. articulatory16. Morpheme17. Syntax18. Antonymy19. Sociolinguistics 20. genderIII. Directions： Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false， you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. （2%X10=20%）21. F22. T23. F24. F25. T26. F27. F28. F29. F 30. T语言学客观自测练习及答案 2发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2010-08-16 10:20共 99人浏览大 中 小I. Directions： Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A， B， C or D in the brackets. （2%X10=20%）1.F. de Saussure is a（n） _ linguist.A. American B. SwissC. BritishD. Russian2. Which of the following sounds is a voiced bilabial stop？ A. p B. m C. b D. t3. Of the “words” listed below， _ is not an English word.A. spriNB. lkbi C.strikt D. 5U：ziz4. The affixes which manifest various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as “-ing，-est” are called _. A. derivational affixesB. free morphemes C. inflectional affixes D. roots5. The sentence containing two clauses joined by a linking word is called a _ sentence. A. coordinate B. simple C. subordinate D. embedded6. “Words are names or labels for things.” This view is called _ in semantic theory.A. mentalism B. contextualism C. conceptualism D. naming theory7. The semantic relationship between flower and rose is _. A.hyponymsB. hyponymy C. co-hyponymsD. superordinate8. The words such as handbook and highway are _. A. formed by blendingB. coined by back-formation C. compound words D. derivations9. X-bar theory is _.A.highly specific and concrete， therefore only useful to solve concrete problemsB.capable of reducing the redundancies of individual phrasal structure rulesC.so highly abstract that it can explain all the properties of all phrasalcategories D.inefficient in coping with the language structures other than those of English10. The words “railway” and “railroad” are _.A. synonyms differing in emotive meaningB. synonyms differing in stylesC. dialectal synonymsD. synonyms differing in registerII. Directions： Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word， the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only， and you are not allowed to change the letter given. （1%X10=10%）11. A person who studies linguistics is called a l_.12.M_ is the linguistic study of how morphemes are combined to form words.13. In modern linguistics， s_ is considered primary over writing.14. There are two ways to classify consonants： by place of articulation and by m_ of articulation.15. S_ is the linguistic study of meaning in abstraction.16. H_ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form.17. The study of language with reference to the workings of the mind is called p_.18. Vowels can be classified by the position of the tongue， openness of the mouth and l_ of the sound.19. The notion of linguistic determinism and linguistic relativism is called the S_ hypothesis.20. An e_ is a mild， indirect or less offensive word or expression substituted when the speaker or writer fears more direct wording might be harsh or unpleasant.III. Directions： Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false， you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. （2%X10=20%）21. English language is a tone language.22. A linguistic taboo refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by the polite society from general use such as obscene， profane and swear words.23. Chinese is thought to be the first language by most linguists.24. Phonology is a branch of linguistics which studies the sentence patterns of a language.25. Idiolect is a personal dialect of an individual speaker that combines aspects of all the elements regarding regional， social and stylistic variation.26. It is generally accepted that the history of the English language is divided into the periods of old English and modern English.27. A locutionary act of Speech Act Theory is the act performed by or resulting from saying something.28. According to predication analysis， in the sentence “The man beat the dog.”， the word “beat” is called predicate， and the words “man” and “dog” are called arguments.29.f is a dental consonant.30. The transcription of speech sounds with letter-symbols together with the diacritics is called broad transcription.Reference answersI. Directions： Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A， B， C or D in the brackets. （2%X10=20%）1.B2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7.B 8.C 9. B10. CII. Directions： Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word， the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only， and you are not allowed to change the letter given. （1%X10=10%）11. linguist 12. Morphology13. speech14. manner 15. Semantics16. Homonymy 17. psycholinguistics 18. length 19. Sapir-whorf20. euphemismIII. Directions： Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false， you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. （2%X10=20%）21. F 22. T23. F 24. F 25. T26. F 27.F 28.T 29.F 30. F语言学客观自测练习及答案 3I. Directions： Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A， B， C or D in the brackets. （2%X10=20%）1. The study of language development at some point in time is generally termed as _ linguistics.A. comparativeB. appliedC. synchronic D. diachronic2. N. Chomsky is a famous _ linguist.A. AmericanB. BritishC. Greek D. Swiss3. In the following sounds _ is a voiceless affricate.A. dB.lC. tF D. w4. In English， “pill” and “bill” are_.A. a phonemic contrastB. complementary distributionC. assimilation D a minimal pair5. The word “unhappiness” has _ morpheme（s）A. oneB. twoC. three D. four6. In English the letter combination “care” in the word “carelessness” is called _.A. suffixB. prefixC. infixD. free morpheme7. A word with several meaning is called _.A. a synonymous word B. a polysemous wordC. an abnormal wordD. none of the above8. We call the relation between “animal” and “tiger” as _.A. polysemyB. synonymyC. hyponymyD. homophony9. The pair of words “let and “rent” is called _.A. relational oppositesB. gradable antonymsC. complementary antonymsD. co-hyponyms10. Which description of the meaning components of the word “mother” is right.A. +human， +adult， +male B. -human， +adult， +maleC. +human， +adult， -male D. +human， -adult，-male第二部分非选择题II. Directions： Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word， the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only， and you are not allowed to change the letter given. （1%X10=10%）11. P_ is defined as the study of the phonic medium of language.12. M_is the study of the way in which words are formed.13. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use， it is said to be d_.14. The description of a language as it changes through time is a d_ study.15. Similar to Saussures distinction between langue and parole is the distinction between c_ and performance by the linguist N. Chomsky.16. Language is p_ in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its uses.17. The English sounds m，n and N are called n_ consonants.18. The morphemes such as “-en”， “dis-”and “ism” are called b_ morphemes.19. The words of a sentence are produced one after another in a sequence is the l_ structure of a sentence.20. Jane Austins Speech Act Theory includes locutionary act， illocutionary act and p_ act.III. Directions： Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false， you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. （2%X10=20%）21. Our mother tongue Chinese is a tone language.22. We were all born with the ability to acquire language， so the details of any language system are genetically transmitted， and not to be taught and learned.23. The English sounds ai，auCiiE and tF are called diphthongs.24. The morphemes “dog”， “able” and “quick” are free morphemes.25. The contextualist view holds that there is no direct link between a linguistic form and what it refers to but they are linked through the mediation of concepts in the mind.26. The British English word “autumn” and the American English word “fall” are called stylistic synonyms.27. The relation between the words “male” and “female” is gradable antonyms.28. Utterance meaning is based on sentence meaning， it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a specific context.29. The maxim of manner by CP is to say what you believe to be true.30. Black English is the widespread and familiar ethnic variety of the English language.Reference answersI.Directions： Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A， B， C or D in the brackets. （2%X10=20%）1.C2. A 3. C 4. D 5.C 6. D 7.B8. C9.A10. CII. Directions： Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word， the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only， and you are not allowed to change the letter given. （1%X10=10%）11.Phonetics 12. Morphology13. descriptive14. diachronic15. competence 16. productive 17. nasal 18. bound19. linear 20. perlocutionaryIII. Directions： Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false， you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. （2%X10=20%）21.T22. F 23. F 24.T 25. F 26.F 27.F 28.T 29.F 30.T语言学客观自测练习及答案 4I. Directions： Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A， B， C or D in the brackets. （2%X10=20%）1.The word “language” is sometimes used to refer to the whole of a persons language called _.A. colloquial language B. scientific languageC. standard language D. idiolect2.Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary？A. bang B. photo C. typewriter D. rumble3.Which of the following sounds is a diphthong？A. aiB. t CdV D. A4.“hot dog” with the first element stressed means_.A. a dog which is hotB. a barking dogC. a kind of foodD. a dead dog5.There are _morphemes in the word” frightening”.A. one B. twoC. three D. four6. In English， “-ate” and “dis-“ are called _.A. PrefixesB. suffixesC. infixesD. affixes7.The phrase “boys and girls” belongs to the _ construction. A. complexB. coordinate C. embeddedD. subordinate8. The illocutionary act of the utterance “ I promise to come.” is a_.A. representativeB. expressiveC. declarationD. commissive9.Which of the following two-term sets shows the feature of complementarity？A. hot/coldB. doctor/patientC. single/married d. husband /wife10. Which part of the brain is generally considered to control language and speech.A. left hemisphere B. right hemisphereC. front hemisphereD. back hemisphereII. Directions： Fill in the blank in