仁爱英语-形容词副词专项讲解与训练.doc

形容词副词用法形容词、副词的作用与位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的词，常被放在名词前作定语或放在系动词后面作表语。 而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词、其它副词或者句子。考点1：形容词的一般用法1.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。例如: Its a cold and windy day.2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。例如: He looks happy today.3.形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。 例如: Would you like something hot to drink？ Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou. Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm. 4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。例如: How long is the river？ Its about two hundred meters long.5. 只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的 well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的例如:He is an ill man. (误) The man is ill.(正)6.只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；elder年长的7.貌似副词的形容词：lonely单独的、孤独的；friendly友好的；lively生动的、活泼的； lovely可爱的， weekly每周的 8. 复合形容词：English-speaking说英语的； well-known众所周知的；kind-hearted善良的； man-made人造的；take-away可以带走的；ten-year-old十岁的 考点2：形容词常用句型1. “Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。 注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good，kind，nice，polite，clever，foolish，lazy，careful，careless，right，wrong等。 如: Its very kind you to help me.2. “Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。 注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important，necessary，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，pleasant，interesting，possible等。例如: Its very important students to listen to teachers carefully. Its necessary us to get to school on time.考点3： 副词的基本用法 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。例如，1.We should listen to our teachers carefully. 我们应该认真听老师讲课。 2.He is very happy today. 他今天非常高兴。 3.“What happened？” I asked，rather angrily. “发生什么事情了？”我相当生气地问。 4. In spring，I can see flowers everywhere. 在春天，我到处都能看到花。 常见副词用法辨析 1.also，too，as well与either 的区别:also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be动词，情态动词，助动词之后，行为动词之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。例如，My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher .=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher， . 我爸爸是一名老师，我妈妈也是。 I cant speak french. Jenny cant speak french， . 我不会说法语，詹妮也不会。2.sometime，sometimes，some time与some times的区别:sometime：某一时间，某一时刻，可指将来时，也可指过去时sometimes：有时，不时的 some time：一段时间 some times：几次，几倍例如，Well have a test next month. 下个月的某一时间，我们要进行一次测试。Sometimes we are busy and we are not. 有时我们很忙，有时不忙。He stayed in beijing for last year. 他去年在北京呆了一段时间。 I have been to beijing . 我去过北京好几次。考点4：形容词，副词的比较级、最高级一、规则变化1.一般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级， 例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful二、不规则变化 good /well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most littleless least oldolder/elderoldesteldest farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest考点5：形容词副词的原级、比较级、最高级的用法：1.原级的用法：常用于“asas”及“not as(so) as”句型中, 表示平级的比较。 1）肯定形式：表示A与B在某方面相同。句型： A + 谓 + as + 原级 + as + B 如： He is as excited as his younger sister. This flower is as beautiful as that one. 2) A与B在某方面不同。句型: A + 谓(否定) + as/so + 原级 + as + B 注意：not as / so as = less than 不及；(用于部分双音节或多音节词) 如: He is not so / as excited as his younger sister. He doesnt walk as slowly as you. This book isnt as/so interesting as that one. = This book is less interesting than that one. 3）“甲+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示 “甲是乙的几倍”例如，Tom is three times as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。=Tom is twice bigger than Kate.=Kate is twice younger than Tom.只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too例如，He is too tired to walk on. 他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。 My brother runs so fast that i cant follow him. 我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他2. 比较级的用法：表达两者之间的比较, 句型如下： 1）A+ 谓语动词+比较级+ than B; 如：Tom is taller than I/me. He is a little shorter than his father.注意: 经常修饰形容词比较级的词：much (得多)、even（更）、a little(一点儿) 如：This city is much more beautiful than that one. It is even hotter today than it was yesterday.2）甲+be+倍数+ +形容词比较级+ than +乙”表示 “甲比乙几倍”eg:Our room is three times bigger than theirs.=Our room is four times as big as theirs.3) “比较级+and+比较级” 表示“越来越”。 如: The boy becomes fatter and fatter (但注意：如果多音节词用此结构时应为 more and more + 形、副原级) 如：Xian is becoming more and more beautiful.4) “The+比较级，the+比较级” 表示“越，越”。 如：The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖。 Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow. 5)“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物 都”。例如，The Changjiang river is longer than any other river in China.=The Changjiangr is longer than the other rivers in China. 长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。=Tthe Changjiang is the longest river in China. 长江是中国最长的河流。注意：The Changjiange river is longer than any river in Japan. 长江比日本的任何一条河都长。3. 最高级的用法：形容词、副词最高级的句型： 1）A+ 谓语动词+the+最高级+ in/of (三者及以上范围的) My mother is the busiest in my family. He is the tallest of all the boys 2)A + 谓语动词+one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数 Shenzhen is one of the biggest cities in China.3) A + 谓语动词+the + 序数词（the first除外） + 最高级 + 名词 + in/of The Yellow River is river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。4) Which/Who is the + 最高级,A , B or C ? Which is the biggest, the moon, the earth or the sun ? 注意： 1. 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词前可不加定冠词。 2. 表示“最高程度”的形容词，如 excellent，favorite等，没有比较级和最高级。 3. 只能加more和most构成比较级和最高级的词: tired；pleased（满意的、高兴的）；polite；fun等 4. 常见的of结构有： of / among the three ;of all； in结构有： in my / your / his / her / our class或其它名词；in + 国名或地名【形容词副词 实战演练】一、单项选择1. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _ than before. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest2. When we speak to people, we should be_. A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3. This book is_ that one, but_ than that one. A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think science is _ than physics. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important5. Mr. Johnson and his _ daughter do not always understand each other. A. older B. the oldest C. eldest D. the eldest6. These children are _ this year than they were last year. A. more thinB. more thinnerC. very thinner D. much thinner7. It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today. A. even hotter B. more hotterC. much more hot D. much hot 8. His father is _ than his mother. A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years9. The population of China is getting _.A. large and large B. larger and larger C. more and more large D. a bit large10. China is larger than _ in Africa. A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country11. Tom is stronger than _ in his class. A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy12. When spring comes, it gets _. A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter13. Of all these subjects，I like physics _ Amore Bbetter Cwell D. best14. Which do you like _, tea or coffee? A. well B. better C. best D. most 15. This work is _ for me than for you. A. difficult B. most difficultC. much difficult D. more difficult 16. If there are _ people driving, there will be _ air pollution. Yes, the air will be fresher. A. less; less B. less; fewer C. fewer; fewer D. fewer; less 17. English is one of _ spoken in the world. A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language18. On his way to school he met _, so he sent him to hospital. A. a very ill man B. a much sick man C. a serious ill man D. a very sick man19. What a _ cough！You seem _ ill. A. terrible; terribly B. terribly; terrible C. terrible; terribleD. terribly; terribly20. The young policeman often looks after that old woman_. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless21. Look! This boy isnt working so _ as that girl. A. hard B. harder C. hardly D. hardlier 22.The light in the room was very poor. And the doctor wasnt able to see _. A. clearly enough B. clear enough C. enough clearly D. enough clear23. The nine-year-old boy wrote an _ article, which I think excellent. A. two-thousand-words B.800-word C.1100-words D. eight-hundreds-word 24. The air in Xian is getting much _ now than a few years ago. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest25. Which is _ , a bicycle or a computer? A. expensive B. more expensive C. the most expensive D. the more expensive26. The Yellow River is one of _ rivers in China. A. long B. longer C. the longest D. the longer27. She is the second _ student in our class. A. heavy B. heavier C. heaviest D. the heaviest28. -Whom would you like to be your assistant, David or Jack? -If I had to choose, David would be_A. goodB. betterC. the betterD. the best29. The number of pandas is getting_ because their living areas are becoming farmlands.A. less and less B. smaller and smallerC. larger and larger D. fewer and fewer30. Health is very important to us, we should eat more vegetables and fruit instead of _rich food.A. too muchB. too manyC. much tooD. very much31. _ you work, _ knowledge youll get.A. The harder; more B. Harder