180t氧气炼钢转炉的设计.doc

2摘 要自1952年第一座氧气顶吹转炉投产以来，氧气顶吹转炉的实践表现出很多的优点，使氧气顶吹转炉炼钢法逐渐的成了世界炼钢的主要方法。随着社会的发展，各方面对钢材的需求也越来越多。为了满足社会各方面对钢材的需求，改进炼钢的生产工艺和设备是必不可少的。作为转炉炼钢的主要设备之一，转炉炉体的设计直接关系到炼钢的产量、质量、炉龄、成本和安全等。本文以设计180t氧气顶吹转炉炉体为目标，合理的设计出能够安全顺行的转炉炉体。对转炉炉体的设计主要包括炉型设计、炉衬设计和炉壳设计三方面，为了衔接炉体其它附属部件，也对转炉的托圈和耳轴作出相应的设计。在炉型设计方面，主要包括炉型的选择、炉容比的确定和炉型主要尺寸的确定。在炉衬设计方面，主要是对炉衬材质和炉衬厚度的设计，为了提高钢水的质量，增加炉衬的使用寿命，减少炉衬的砌筑成本，选择了新型的镁钙碳大砖作为炉衬材料。在炉壳设计方面，主要是炉壳材质选择和炉壳钢板厚度的确定，为了增加生产的安全系数和炉龄，选择了综合性能更好的新型炉壳材料SM400ZL。最后对所设计转炉炉体的高径比进行校核，高径比满足条件，可认为所设计的炉体尺寸是合适的，能够保证转炉的正常冶炼进行。关键词 转炉炉体，炉型，炉衬，炉壳 000本科毕业设计（论文） ABSTRACTABSTRACTSince 1952 first BOF put into operation, the BOF practice showed a lot of advantages, the top-blown oxygen converter steelmaking method gradually became the worlds steelmaking method. With the development of society, all steel demand is also increasing. In order to meet all sectors of society to face the demand for steel, improved steelmaking production processes and equipment is essential. As one of the main equipment，the BOF converter furnace design is directly related to the production of steel-making, quality, furnace, cost and safety. Design 180t oxygen top-blown converter furnace as the goal, that can ensure safety production facility was reasonable designed out. The design of the converter furnace includes the furnace profile design, lining design and the furnace shell, the convergence of the other subsidiary parts of the furnace, make the appropriate design of the converter trunnion ring and trunnion. The design of furnace includes the choice of furnace profile, determine the furnace volume ratio and furnace size. Lining design is aimed to choose the lining material and determine the lining thickness, in order to improve the quality of molten steel, increase the lining life and reduce the lining cost, the new magnesium calcium carbon brick was chosen as a lining material. For the design of the furnace shell, in order to increase the safety factor of production and furnace life, a new furnace shell material SM400ZL with better comprehensive performance was used. Last check the height to diameter ratio of designed converter furnace. The height to diameter ratio could meet the conditions, it could be concluded that the design of the furnace size is appropriate to ensure the normal smelting converter.Key words converter furnace, furnace profile, furnace linings, furnace shell0000本科毕业设计（论文） 目录目 录摘 要IABSTRACTII1 绪论11.1氧气转炉的历史背景11.2氧气顶吹转炉的炉体结构21.2.1 炉壳21.2.2 炉帽21.2.3 炉口21.2.4 炉身21.2.5 炉底31.3转炉炉型31.4转炉炉衬42 转炉炉型设计52.1原始条件的确定52.2炉型主要尺寸52.2.1 炉容比52.2.2 熔池尺寸52.2.3 炉帽尺寸72.2.4 炉身尺寸82.2.5 出钢口尺寸82.2炉型的设计82.2.1 炉型选择82.2.2 炉容比的确定92.2.3 熔池尺寸的确定92.2.4 炉帽尺寸的确定92.2.5 炉身尺寸的确定102.2.6 出钢口尺寸的确定103 炉衬的设计113.1炉衬材