Unit 4 Book 2 Wildlife protection.doc

10Unit 4 Book 2 Wildlife protectionPart 1 ChecklistVocabularyhuntapplysuggestrubaffectcontainbitereservewildlifewildenemyprotectionlossareazonepeacefurinsectdrugstomachwhaleattentioneffectmosquitodustthickpowerfulfierceunkindkindrecentlyword expansion1) suggest v.-_n.建议2) effect n.-_adj.有效的3) lazy adj.-_n.懒惰4) contain n.-_n.容器5) affect v.-_n.感情，挚爱 -_adj.充满深情的，慈爱的6) reserve n.-_v.预定 -_n.预定7) protection n.-_v.保护8) loss n.-_v.丢失 -_ adj.丢失的，迷路的9) powerful adj. -_n.力量，权力10) apply v. -_n.申请;应用 -_n.申请人，请求者(1 suggest 2 effective 3 laziness 4 container 5 affection; affectionate 6. reserve; reservation 7 protect 8 lose; lost 9 power 10 application; applicant)Phrases:1.结果，因此 _ _ result2.灭亡；逐渐消失 die _3.在危险中 (be) in _4.对有影响 _ an effect _5.注意 _ _ to 6.形成；产生 _ _being7.保护使不受伤害 protect_8.和平地；安祥地 in _9.担心，关心，忧虑 be concerned _10.穿衣服 get _11.保护区 protection zone12.申请做某事 apply _ _ sth.13 申请某物 apply _sth14.建立 set _ 15.尽管 even _16 确实，肯定地 for _17把。与。区分开 _ sth _ sth.1 as a result 2 die out 3 (be) in danger 4 have an effect on5 pay attention to 6 come into being 7 protectfrom8 in peace9 be concerned about10 get dressed 11protection zone12 apply to do sth13 apply for sth14 set up 15even if/ though16 for sure 17 tell sth. from sth.Part II. Language points 1. As a result, many of them died out.as a result结果，因此（做状语，单独使用）as a result of = because of由于，因为1) He cheated in the exam. As a result, he was punished by the teacher. 2) He was late as a result of the traffic jam.result in结果为，导致result from因为，源自1) My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever; _ he could neither eat nor sleep.A. as a result B. in dangerC. however D. because2) The terrible accident resulted_ his carelessness and it resulted _ the death of four people.A. in; from B. from; in C. of; in D. from; of (AB)2. die outdisappear灭绝，绝迹，消灭，熄灭1) This kind of bird is dying out.2) Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date.3) The fire is dying out.die from 死于（外因）die of 死于（内因）be dying for( to do) sth，渴望(做)1) The old man died of cold and hunger. 2) His father died from a car accident.3) He is dying to have a car of his own.4) Many kinds of animals and plants die _ every year.A. down B. away C. out D. from( C ) 3. About 30-60 after being left in peace.in peace和平地，安心地1) I hope all the people in the world will live in peace forever.2) With all the windows and doors closed, he slept in peace.他安心地睡了。at peace/ at war 3) The two countries are at peace/ war now.4) I told her to go away and leave me _. A. in quiet B. in return C. in peace D. lonely(C)4. Why are they in danger of disappearing?in danger处于危险中 out of danger脱离危险1) Tom had a terrible car accident yesterday, and now he is still in danger.2) My little brother was once in danger of losing his sight. 试比较：3) Tigers are very dangerous animals,4) but now they are in danger of dying out.5) So we say they are endangered animals.6) The drug taker is a danger to society. 那位吸毒者对社会是个危害。7) John is so stubborn that he never listen to his workmates, so he is _ of being fired. A. out of danger B. in a danger C. dangerous D. in danger(D)5. Daisy hurried to get dressed and put on her jeans and sweater.get/ be dressed穿上衣服（系表结构） get lost迷路 get drunk喝醉 get hurt受伤get killed被杀get married结婚 get paid付酬金1) He got hurt in the football match.2) He has got paid for half a year.他有半年没拿到工资了。 3) I seldom found him _ in black.A. dressing B. dress C. dressed D. to dress4) _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook.A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed( C A )6. She turned round and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.with 的复合结构(作定语/状语) with + n. + doing/done/to do/ adj./adv./prep.phrases1) I showed the clerk a piece of paper with my name written on it.2) The boy came in, with a dog following him.3) He went home with all his homework done.4) I cant go to the movie with so much work to do.5) He cant sleep in peace, with the door open. 6) A lady got on the bus, with a baby in her arms.7) We have our lessons with all the lights on.8) _ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldnt go on with the experiment.A. With B. For C. As D. Since9) With two exams _, I have to work really hardthis weekend.A. to worry B. worrying C. to worry about D. worried 10) With no more news_, the trapped villagers grew more and more worried.A. comes B. came C. to come D. coming(A. C. D)7. Have you come to take my picture? Or would you prefer a rhino?prefervt. 宁可，宁愿；更喜欢 prefer sth. prefer (doing) A to (doing) Bprefer to do A rather than do Bprefer to do sth. prefer sb to do sth. prefer that sb. (should) do sth.1) I prefer basketball to football.2) He prefers singing to dancing.3) The old man preferred to stay at home rather than go to the movie.4) I prefer you to tell him the truth.5) I prefer that you tell him the truth.6) Does this meal cost $50? I _ something far better than this!A. prefer B. expect C. suggest D. suppose 7) Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle.A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding(BC)8. They didnt want to protect us even though tourists love to see tectvt.保护，防御 protect sth. from/ against sth. 保护使不受伤害。1) Put on a hat to protect your head from/ against the burning sun. protect/ prevent prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止/不让某人做 = stop/ keep A from doing sth.2) The heavy rain prevented the children from going to school. 3) 暴雨使孩子们不能上学。 4) All means have been tried to prevent the chemical factory from polluting the river. 5) 所有的办都想尽了。6) He is wearing sunglasses to _ his eyes from the strong sunlight . A. protect B. hold C. stop D. prevent 1) Parents try to _their children _danger as far as possible. A. prevent; from B. stop; XC. protect; X D. protect; from (AD)9. The tour companies applied to be allowed to hunt some for a fee, which made a lot of money for the farmers.apply v.申请；应用，专心;敷用，涂apply to do sth. 申请/请求做某事apply for sth. 申请要某物1) Many people applied for the job.2) The rule can not be applied to every case.这项规定并非每个案件都适用。 3) He applied himself to his studies.他用功读书。4) Gently apply a small amount of the cream to your face.5) He has applied to the company for the job.他已向公司申请了那份工作。 6) My daughter is applying for a place at university. 我女儿申请入/报考大学。 application申请，适用，应用applicant申请人，应征者an applicant for申请的人7) By the time I saw the job advertisement, it was already too late to _.A. advise B. apply C. admit D. arise8) She decided to apply _ the boss _ the new position . A to; to B for; for C to; for D for; to（BC）10. Thats better, butd like to help as the WWF suggests.suggest v. 建议; 暗示，表明suggest + sth suggest sth to sbsuggest doing sth.suggest on (ones/ sb.) doing sth.suggest that sb. (should) do sth.1) He suggests a visit to the Great Wall2) He suggests an early start to me.3) He suggested going for a walk.4) He suggested on my accepting the5) invitation.6) He suggested that the work (should)7) be started at once.8) What he said suggested anger. 他所说的话说明他很生气。1) The doctor suggested _ any longer. A. him not smoke B. him not to smoke C. he not smoke D. he didnt smoke2) The happy look on his face suggested that he _the final examination successfully.A. passes B. had passedC. would pass D. should pass(CB)11. It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.affecthave effect on 影响，使人悲伤，愤怒等，1) Smoking can affect your health. 2) Loud music can affect your hearing. 3) He was deeply affected by the news of her death.have effect on sb./ sth.对有影响4) What the teacher says affects/ has a great effect on the students. 老师说的话对学生影响很大。5) The movies once _ a whole generation of people. They proved to be of much _ in the education of people. A. affected; effect B. effected; affect C. effected; effect D. affected; affect(A)12. It might help you if you pay attention to the rain forest where I live .pay attention to (sth.) 注意(某事)1) You speak English very well, but youd better pay more attention to your written English.2) A great deal of attention has been paid to protecting the environment.draw/ attract/ catch/ get ones attention to 吸引某人的注意力1) Great attention must be paid _ welfare, especially in the poor area.A. develop B. to develop C. to developing D. developing（C）13. They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into e into being形成，产生1) No one knows when exactly the lake came into being. 没人知道这湖到底是怎样产生的。2) Could you tell me how this attitude _? A. came from B. came outC. came into being D. came about(C)ExercisesVocabulary1) The medicine is good, but it has some side e_ 效果which can make you fall asleep easily.2) China isnt what she used to be. She is a p_ country now.3) It is not allowed to h_ animals and birds in this forest.4) Do you know what other animals have two s_ 肚子besides ants?5) They were w_ with joy when their team won the game.6) He hoped that his country would always be at _ with all other countries.7) He was wearing dark glasses to p_ his eyes from the sun.8) This is a rule that _ 适用to everyone.9) In the _ 激烈fighting, the lightly wounded refused to leave the front.10) The disappointed look on his face _表明 that he had failed the exam again.11) We took heavy _ 损失at sea.（1 effects 2 powerful 3 hunt 4 stomachs 5 wild 6 peace 7 protect 8 applies 9 fierce 10 suggested 11 losses）Phrases1) I enjoy working with him, _ 尽管I dont agree with him on some points.2) Do you know why dinosaurs _ 灭绝suddenly about 65 million years ago?3) They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans_出现，产生.4) He had a road accident. _ 结果he had to say in hospital for a whole month.5) How many factory worker are _ 处于危险losing their jobs?6) He raised his arms to _保护免于 his face _ the blow.7) I think he will be back on Monday, but I cant say _确实地.8) Our teacher always _ 注意combining theory with practice.(1 Even though 2 died out 3 came into being 4 As a result 5 in danger of 6 protect from 7 for sure 8 pays attention to )被动语态（The Passive Voice）英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者时谓语形式为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者时谓语形式为被动语态。（注意：不及物动词没有被动语态。）1被动语态的使用场合：不知道动作的执行者是谁；没有必要说出动作的执行者；需要强调动作的承受者；论述科技内容的文体需要强调客观性和科学性; 行文需要，为使上下文更连贯。2被动语态的构成：“助动词be + 过去分词”， 助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。3. 被动语态的基本时态变化: 把be变成相应的时态形式即可。am/are/is + donewas/were + doneam/ are / is being + donewas/ were being + donehave/has been + donehad been + donewill/shall be + donewould be + donewill/shall have been + donewould/should have been + doneOur sports meet will be held on Nov. 1. A new stadium is being built in our schoolA new manned spaceship has been sent into space.4. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1) 情态动词的被动态： 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 The patient should be taken good care of.2) 带双宾语的动词的被动式：带有双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动句变为被动句，其主语可以是直接宾语，也可以是间接宾语。例如：She lent me a bike.被动：a）I was lent a bike(by her).b）A bike was lent to me(by her).3) “动词+宾语+宾语补足语”的被动语态时：将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4) 非谓语动词的被动语态: v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。I dont like being laughed at in the public.There are a lot of papers to be typed.5. 被动语态的考点、难点1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态。1) The price of cell phones _ recently.A.has been raised B. has been risen C. has raised D. has been aroused（A）2）不同时态的被动态。1) - The room is very dirty .- You know, it _ for weeks.A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned2) -Geoge and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?-No, I _. Did they have a big wedding?A. was not invitedB. have not been invitedC. hadnt been invitedD didnt invited (DC)3）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为a) A stranger was seen to walk into the building.John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment.A. to wash B. washing C. was D. to be washingb) Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard.A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning(A. B)4) 一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, hope, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think,suggest等可以用于句型“Itbe过去分词that从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.”。有：It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.The boy is said to have passed the national exam. 5) 短语动词的被动语态: 短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。该错：Such a thing has never been heard before My sister will be taken care by Grandma.6）主动形式表示被动意义1) 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。例 How do the newspapers come out? 2) 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。 例Your reason sounds reasonable.Good medicine _ to the mouth.A. tastes bitter B. tastes bitterly C. is tasted bitter D. is tasted bitterly(A)3) 某些动词如sell, read, write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep cut,与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质特征，常用主动表被动。常见动词是：等。This knife cuts well. These books sell well.The pen writes smoothly.Meat wont keep long in such hot weather.The cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。 The door wont lock （指门本身有毛病）The door wont be locked （指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）The sentences read clearly.The sentences are read clearly.The pencil _ well.A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing(A)4) 在某些“形容词不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。如：This problem is difficult to work out.（可看作to work out省略了for me）.The question asked by him is hard _ .A. to answer B. to be answered C. to be answering D. for answer 5) 在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。例The house needs repairing（to be repaired）6) 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。例The picture-book is well worth reading（The picture-book is very worthy to be read）7) 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon (to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。)试比较：Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。)I have a lot of clothes to wash.I have a lot of clothes to be washed.8) 在there be句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。例There is no time to lose（to be lost）（用 to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，谁 lost time不明确。）There are a lot of books _; I dont know which one _.A to be chosen; to chooseB to be chosen from; to choose fromC. to choose from; to be chosenD to choose from; to chose(D)9) 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,动词rent, blame, let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。例 Who is to blame for starting the fire?I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blameC. is to be blamed D. should blame(A)10) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。Good care must _ babies particularly while they are ill.A. take B. take of C be taken D. be taken of(D)将下列句子变成被动语态1. His teacher usually helps him.2. I visited him yesterday morning.3. China will send up Shenzhou VII before long. 4. We have sent for a doctor. 5. Mr. Zhang teaches us physics. 6. People have said that the government will offer us a lot of money to buy the computers.Keys : 1 He is usually helped by his teacher.2 He was visited by me yesterday morning.3 Shenzhou VII will be sent up before long.4 A doctor has been sent for.5 We are taught physics by Mr. Zhang.Physics is taught to us by Mr. Zhang.6 People have said that we will be offered a lot of money to buy the computers.People have said that a lot of money will be offered to us to buy the computers.1 高考对谓语动词语态的考查例析1) In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. (NMET1993)A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served2) This is Teds phone. We miss him a lot. He _ trying to save a child in the earthquake.(NMET2002)A. killed B. is killedC. was killed D. was killing