2016新课标三维英语 必修四 unit 1-S2.doc

Section_Warming Up & Reading Language Points 一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.welfare n福利；福利事业2.project n. 项目；工程；规划3.campaign n. 运动；战役vi. 作战；参加运动4.shade n. 荫；阴凉处vt. 遮住光线5.worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的6.nest n. 巢；窝 7.bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带8.childhood n. 童年；幼年时代9.outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚10.respect vt.&n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意11.crowd n. 人群；观众vt. 挤满；使拥挤12.support n& vt. 支持；拥护.拓展词汇1.achievement n成就；功绩achieve vt.完成；成就；取得2.specialist n专家；专业工作者specialize vi.专攻；专注于special adj.特别的；特殊的；专门的3.connection n连接；关系connect v连接；关联4.organization n组织；机构；团体organize vt.组织organizer n组织者5.behave vt.&vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现behaviour/behavior n行为；举止；习性6.observe vt.观察；观测；遵守observation n观察；观测7.argue vt.&vi.讨论；辩论；争论argument n争论；争辩；争吵8.entertainment n款待；娱乐；娱乐表演entertain v款待；使快乐9.inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示inspiration n灵感；鼓舞inspired adj.(人)受鼓舞的inspiring adj.令人鼓舞的1.welfare n福利；福利事业记法wel(好well)fare(费用)社会救济词块social welfare社会福利live on welfare 靠接受救济谋生welfare money 救济金welfare of mankind 人类的幸福welfare of the public 公共福利2.bond n联系；纽带；关系；结合词块break a bond 废除契约strengthen the bonds 加强联系联想link n关系 relation n关系connect v链接 join v连接3.observe vt.观察；遵守；观测词块observe the customs 遵守风俗observe the laws/rules 遵守法律/规章observe the speed limit 遵守限速规定observe Christmas/Thanksgiving 过圣诞节/感恩节observe the Spring Festival 过年同义insect v. 观察obey v. 遵守follow v. 遵守4.inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示词块inspire us to work harder 鼓励我们更加努力学习inspire a generation 激励一代人(伦敦奥运口号)同义encourage v. 鼓励arouse v. 鼓励；激发反义discourage v. 使泄气depress v. 使沮丧disappoint v. 使失望二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.fight_for为而奋斗2put_sb._to_death 处死/处决某人3devote_._to 把贡献给，致力于4human_being 人类5move_off 离开；起程；出发6be_allowed_to_do_sth. 被允许做某事7communicate_with 与交际、交流8work_out 算出；制定出9lead_a_._life 过着的生活10crowd_in (想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海1.get the Nobel peace prize获得诺贝尔和平奖2concern oneself with welfare project 关心福利事业3as strong as in a human family 像人类家庭一样紧密4in the shade of the trees 树荫中5make it all worthwhile 使这一切值得6achieve everything she wanted to do 完成了她想要做的一切7the bond between . 之间的关系8top leaders in modern Chinese history 中国近代史上的高层领导人9communicate with each other 彼此交流三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Following Janes way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.我们一行人都准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。现在分词短语作伴随状语。Jane came running_back_to_tell_us the good news.简跑着回来告诉我们这个好消息。2.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.她母亲前几个月过来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。only置于句首修饰状语从句，句子要部分倒装。Only_after_the_reason_is_found_out_can_we avoid the same accident.只有找出原因后，我们才能避免类似事故。3.Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.一旦我停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩。once用作连词，意为“一旦就”，在句中引导时间状语从句。Once_they_are_thrown_away,_plastic bags will exist for a long time and pollute soil and water.一旦扔掉，塑料袋就会长期存在，污染土壤和水域。1(教材P1)Women of achievement卓有成就的女性achievement nC成就；功绩(1)a sense of achievement成就感(2)achieve vt. 完成；达到vi. 成功achieve ones success 获得成功achieve ones goal 达到目标Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs to be done to achieve the final success.我们已取得了良好的开端。但接下来，要取得最终的成功还有更多的工作要做。She hoped to achieve_her_goal to become a singer.她希望实现自己的目标，成为一名歌手。语境串记Ive achieved only half of what Id hoped to do, so I can not celebrate the achievements Ive made although everyone said I should feel a sense of achievement.我原本希望做的只做到一半，因此我不能庆祝自己所取得的成绩，尽管每个人都说我应该有成就感。2(教材P1)Her research showed the connections between chimps and human beings.她的研究揭示了黑猩猩和人类的关系。connection nC，U连接；关系；联系(1)there is a connection between A and B A和B之间有联系have a connection with/to 和有联系in connection with 与有关(2)connect vt. 使联结；与有关联connect . to . 使与连接connect . with . 把和联系/连接起来There is a connection between pollution and the death of trees.污染和树木枯死之间有关系。As far as I know, he has_no_connection_with the accident.据我所知，他与这起事故无关。I am writing to you in_connection_with your recent job application.我写此信与你最近求职一事有关。People usually connect China with silk and good food.人们一提到中国，往往会联想到丝绸和美食。3(教材P2)Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么相似。behave vi.& vt. 举动；(举止或行为)表现(1)behave well/badly to/towards sb.对待某人好/不好behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体behave as if/though 表现得好像(2)wellbehaved adj. 表现好的badlybehaved adj. 表现差的(3)behaviour nU 举止；行为；习性My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.我的相机自从维修后一直工作正常。The shop assistants behave very well towards/to customers.这家商店的营业员对待顾客的态度非常好。What do you think of the hosts behaviour (behave) at the stage that day?你怎样评价主持人那天在舞台上的行为？4(教材P2)Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.大家坐在树荫下等待着，这时候猩猩们睡醒了，准备离开。 shade nU荫；阴凉处vt.遮住光线in the shade在阴凉处under the shade of . 在的阴凉下put . in the shade 使黯然失色shade . from/against . 给遮挡shade . with . 用遮挡Lets go and sit in the shade.咱们到阴凉处去坐坐。Its long branches shade them from/against the sun.它长长的枝杈为他们遮挡了日晒。I saw him sitting under the shade of a tree.我看见他坐在树荫下。5(教材P2)However, the evening makes it all worthwhile.不过到傍晚时分我们觉得这一切都是值得的。worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的Helping old people is a worthwhile activity.帮助老人是一项很有意义的活动。It is worthwhile to_spend/spending (spend) two hours reading the book.花两小时读这本书很值。辨析比较worthwhile, worth, worthyworthwhileIts worthwhile doing .值得做某事Its worthwhile to do .worthbe worthn.值得，值be worth doing“某事值得被做”，用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义its worth it是值得的worthybe worthy ofn.应得某事物be worthy of being done“某事值得被做”，接动名词的被动式be worthy to be done“某事值得被做”，用不定式的被动式In my opinion, the film is well worth seeing (see)依我看来，这部电影很值得看。This suggestion is worthy 这个建议值得考虑。名师点津(1)worth一般只作表语，表示“很值得做”，要用副词well来修饰。(2)worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。6(教材P2)She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.她花了多年的时间来观察并记录它们的日常活动。observe vt.观察；观测；监视；看到；注意到；遵守(规则、法律等)；庆祝(1)observe sb. do sth.观察到某人做了某事observe sb. doing sth. 观察到某人正在做某事observe sb./sth. done 观察到被observethat从句 发现(2)observation n. 观察The far side of the moon is difficult for us to observe.我们难以观察到月亮的另一面。The speed limit must be_strictly_observed.必须严格遵守限速要求。How many holidays do we observe a year?我们一年过多少个节假日？语境串记When we attend the parade to observe the National Day, we must observe the traffic regulations. If we observe someone run a red light, we should stop him.当我们参加游行庆祝国庆节的时候，我们必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人闯红灯，我们就要阻止他。名师点津(1)observe sb. do sth.表示看到动作的全过程；observe sb. doing sth.表示只看到正在进行的动作。(2)observe sb.do sth.变为被动语态时，需将do前省略的不定式符号to补上，即sb.be observed to do sth.。7(教材P2)For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.40年来，简古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。respect vt.& n尊敬；尊重；敬意；方面(1)have/show respect for sb.尊重某人respect sb. for sth. 因为某事而尊敬某人with respect to 关于out of respect 出于尊重in respect of 关于；就而言(2)respectable adj. 可敬的；相当好的respectful adj. 恭敬的I have the greatest respect for Janes judgement.我非常敬佩简的判断力。I respect him for his honesty.我敬佩他的诚实。With_respect_to your other suggestions, I am not yet able to tell you our decision.关于你的其他建议，我现在还无法把我们的决定告诉你。The children in our family are always respectful (respect) to their elders.我们家的孩子对长辈总是恭恭敬敬的。名师点津respect表示“尊重；敬重”时，为不可数名词；表示“细节；方面”时，为可数名词；表示“敬意；问候”时，多用作复数形式。This suggestion differs from the last one in_many_respects.这条建议和上一条建议在很多方面不同。8(教材P2)She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或广告。argue vt.&vi.讨论；辩论；争论(1)argue with sb.(about/over/on sth.)(就某事)与某人争论argue for/against sth. 据理赞成/反对某事argue that . 主张；认为argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事argue sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事(2)argument n. 争论；争辩It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes.有天赋的孩子应该被单独放在特殊的班级中，有些人一直在争论这个问题。Father argued against an increase in our pocket money.父亲据理反对增加我们的零花钱。He was in an argument (argue) with his wife downstairs.他在楼下与妻子发生了争执。9(教材P2)She is leading a busy life but she says .她的生活是忙忙碌碌的，然而，她说lead a . life (live a . life)过着的生活This old man lived far away from his children and led an independent life.这位老人远离子女居住，过着独立的生活。The old couple lead_a_quiet_life in the countryside.这对老夫妻在乡村过着平静的生活。名师点津由动词接其同源名词构成的短语有：smile a . smile笑得dream a . dream 做的梦sing a . song 唱一首的歌die a . death 地死去10(教材P2)Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.一旦我停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。crowd in (on sb.)(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海(1)crowd into ones mind涌入某人的脑海crowd in/into (sth.) 大批地涌入(某物)crowd around 聚集在周围；聚拢(2)crowded adj. 拥挤的；挤满的；充满的be crowded with 挤满；充满着(3)a crowd of (crowds of) 一群(成群)Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on her.她心乱如麻。The hall was_crowded_with his devoted fans.大厅中挤满了他的忠实粉丝。Crowds of people poured into the street.人们成群结队地涌向街头。名师点津crowd是集合名词，作主语时，若视为整体则谓语动词用单数，若强调个体成员，则谓语动词用复数形式。11(教材P2)She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.她激励着那些想为女性的成就而欢呼喝彩的人们。inspire vt.鼓舞；激发；启示(1)inspire sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事 激起/引起某人be inspired by 受到的启发；由得到灵感(2)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的；有灵感的inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞His encouraging remarks inspired confidence in me.His encouraging remarks inspired me with confidence.他的一番鼓励激起了我的信心。Yao Yue, 17, inspired many young people to_have (have) interest in computer science.17岁的姚悦激发了很多年轻人对计算机科学的兴趣。An artist who was_inspired (inspire) by the scene painted this beautiful picture.一位受到这景色启示的艺术家画下了这幅美丽的画。12(教材P3)Jane was permitted to begin her work after her mother came to support her.简在妈妈来帮助她之后才得到允许开始工作。support vt.& n支持；供养；拥护；资助；支撑(1)support oneself自主谋生support sb. in (doing) sth. 支持某人(做)某事(2)come to ones support 支持某人(3)in support of . 为了支持；为了拥护She decided to support herself on her musical talents.她决定依靠自己的音乐才能养活自己。When he was about to give up the struggle, his companions came_to_his_support.正当他要放弃斗争之际，他的同伴们来支持他了。Only a few people spoke in_support_of the proposal.只有几个人表示支持这一提议。1Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.她母亲前几个月过来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。 当only置于句首修饰作状语的副词、介词短语或从句时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语前面。Only then did he realize that he was not fit for the job.到那时他才意识到他不适合做这项工作。Only by studying hard will_you_make_progress in your study.只有通过努力学习你才能在学习上取得进步。Only when I reached the top of the mountain did I feel a great sense of achievement.只有当我到达山顶时，我才有极大的成就感。名师点津若only修饰主语，则句子不倒装。Only Tom and John failed in the exam.只有汤姆和约翰考试没及格。2. Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.一旦我停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。once此处用作连词，意为“一旦就”，用于引导时间状语从句，类似于as soon as。Im sure youll be very happy here once you get to know everyone else.我敢肯定一旦你认识了其他所有人，你在这儿就会很愉快。Once_(it_is)_seen,_it can never be forgotten.见一次就永远不会忘记。Physics is easy to learn once_you_understand the rules.一旦你理解了规则，物理就不难学了。.单句语法填空1He was observed to_go (go) out.2As a teacher, he is respected (respect) for his good teaching.3We remembered the inspiring (inspire) talks he gave us last time.4China sent up two manned spaceships and they were also great scientific achievements (achieve) in the world.5In order to understand the behavior (behave) of the animal, the researcher spent many years recording its daily activities.6This sentence does not seem to connect with the context.7I dont know why the young couple are getting into an argument (argue)8It is worthwhile to_prepare/preparing (prepare) for the worst conditions we might meet.9Only in this way can you solve this problem.10She is so stubborn and once she makes up her mind, she will refuse to change it.选词填空crowd in on， in connection with， behave oneself， in the shade， show respect for， argue with， lead a . life， in support of1Several members spoke in_support_of the plan.2The couple were in heavy debt and used to lead_a hard life.3The youth should show_respect_for the old people.4Dont try to argue_with him till hes calmed down.5Scenes from the past crowded_in_on him.6He asked me many questions in_connection_with my diet in Britain.7We sat in_the_shade and observed ants carry food in the yard.8My mother is always telling me to behave_myself when I attend feasts.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1I dont want to argue (争论) with you. Just do what you like since you wont listen to me.2These sports are not only intended for entertainment (娱乐). They are of great value to character training.3Bringing up a child alone, she felt a sense of achievement (成就)4He is always outspoken (直言的) and doesnt hesitate to speak out what he wants to say.5The organization launched a campaign (运动) to care for the homeless children.6It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties unless it gets more financial support (资助) from the European Union.7Isnt there a connection (联系) between air pollution and the increasing use of cars?8What I want to tell you is the deep love and respect (尊敬) I have for my parents.9When you are taken to your uncles, you should mind your behaviour (举止). You know, youre no longer a little girl.10His performance on the NBA court inspires (鼓舞) those who want to be a basketball player.单句改错1All the audience cheered in the support of the presidents suggestion.去掉support前的the2The woman was observed follow him closely.observed后加to3The couple set up a buffet and a booth in downtown areas, and now they are leading busy life.busy前加a4It isnt worth quarrelling with her about such little things.worth改为worthwhile5He argued me giving up smoking.giving前加into6On New Years Day the little shop is often crowding with children.crowdingcrowded7Only when he came back I know the whole story.I前加did8I wont let my son go out to play once he finishes his homework.onceunless/until.补全句子1After seeing the report, problems about the company crowded_in_my_head.看了这份报告后，很多有关公司的问题涌上我的心头。2Although he is very rich, he still leads_a_simple_life.尽管他非常富裕，他仍旧过着简朴的生活。3I will ask my colleagues to join me in_support_of_this_plan.我会要求我的同事们和我一起支持这个计划。4You should observe_the_local_customs when you go abroad.你出国时应该遵守当地的风俗。5Its_worthwhile taking the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.费点事向新员工全面解释工作是值得的。6I wondered if the child behaved_properly_in_face_of_danger.我不知道这个孩子在面临危险时是否表现得体。7Only by shouting at the top of his voice was_he_able_to_make_himself_heard.只有通过大声叫喊，他才能被听到。8Last night he moved_off_without_saying_goodbye_to_me.昨晚他没有向我道别就离开了。.课文语法填空Jane Goodall had wanted to work with animals in their own environment 1.since she was a child. But this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman 2.to_live (live) in the forest. However, 3.with the help of her mother, she began her work with the chimps, which changed the way 4.that/in_which people think about chimps. Spending years observing and recording their daily 5.activities (active), Jane discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat, against 6.what people used to think. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other. 7.Working (work) with the chimps for years, Jane has argued that wild animals should 8.be_left (leave) in the wild and not used for 9.entertainment (entertain) or advertisements. She has achieved everything she wanted to do, but more 10.importantly (importance), she has got the rest of the world to understand and respect the lives of chimps.串点成篇微表达昨天早晨我一醒来，就看到了母亲送我的生日礼物一本书。书中给出了一些好的建议，如如何在公众场合下举止得体、尊敬他人及如何与人交流等。这本书也列举了在它的帮助下取得巨大成就的家长和孩子的例子。它还激励青少年要交更多的朋友，去参加更多的活动。通过读这本书我明白了为了实现目标，我们应该做的是努力工作和学习。只有这样，我们才能过上幸福的生活。我认为这是一本值得读的好书。Yesterday_morning_I_saw_my_birthday_present,_a_book_given_by_my_mother,_the_moment_I_woke_up.There_are_some_good_tips_on_how_to_behave_well_in_public,_to_respect_others,_to_communicate_with_others_and_so_on.The_book_also_gives_some_examples_of_some_parents_and_their_children_who_have_made_great_achievements_with_the_support_of_it.It_has_also_inspired_teenagers_to_make_more_friends_and_take_part_in_more_activities.By_reading_the_book,_I_learned_that_to_achieve_our_aims,_we_should_devote_ourselves_to_our_study_and_work.Only_in_this_way_can_we_lead_a_happy_life._As_far_as_Im_concerned,_it_is_worthwhile_to_read_it.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.完形填空Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be _1_ by the whole world, _2_ the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace.But one woman has _3_ all that. She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great _4_. Jane Goodalls lifelong _5_ in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall _6_ going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young _7_ didnt think of having such “wild” actions. But she was _8_ by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage