美国名胜古迹英文介绍 2.doc

1.自由钟 The Liberty Bell, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is an American bell of great historic significance. The Liberty Bell is perhaps one of the most prominent symbols associated with early American history and the battle for American independence and freedom. Its most famous ringing, on July 8, 1776, summoned citizens for the reading of the Declaration of Independence by the Second Continental Congress. Previously, it had been rung to announce the opening of the First Continental Congress, in 1774, and the Battle of Lexington and Concord, in 1775. The bell was not officially known as the Liberty Bell until 1837, when it became a symbol of the abolitionist movement. Its cast inscription from Leviticus 25:10 states, Proclaim Liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof. The Liberty Bell is one of the most familiar symbols of independence and nationhood within the United States, second only to the Statue of Liberty; strangely perhaps, given its widespread use within the country, the Liberty Bell is hardly recognized outside of the US, and far less well known as a symbol of America than either the Statue of Liberty or the Stars and Stripes. 2.自由女神 the Statue of Liberty Liberty Enlightening the World, known more commonly as the Statue of Liberty, is a statue given to the United States by France in 1885, standing at Liberty Island in the mouth of the Hudson River in New York Harbor as a welcome to all visitors, immigrants, and returning Americans. The copper statue, dedicated on October 28, 1886, commemorates the centennial of the United States and is a gesture of friendship between the two nations. The sculptor was Frederic Auguste Bartholdi. Gustave Eiffel, the designer of the Eiffel Tower, engineered the internal structure. Eugne Viollet-le-Duc was responsible for the choice of copper in the statues construction and adoption of the Repouss technique. The Statue of Liberty is one of the most recognizable icons of the U.S. worldwide,1 and, in a more general sense, represents liberty and escape from oppression. The Statue of Liberty was, from 1886 until the Jet age, often the first glimpse of the United States for millions of immigrants after ocean voyages from Europe. Its said that il Sancarlone or the Colossus of Rhodes inspired it. 3.华盛顿碑 The Washington Monument The Washington Monument usually refers to the large white-colored obelisk at the west end of the National Mall in Washington, D.C. It is a United States Presidential Memorial constructed for George Washington, the first President of the United States and the leader of the revolutionary Continental Army, which won independence from the British following the American Revolutionary War. Other monuments to honor Washington, also known as the Washington Monument, are in Baltimore and Washington County, Maryland. The monument is made of marble, granite, and sandstone. It was designed by Robert Mills, a prominent American architect of the 1840s. The actual construction of the monument began in 1848 and was not completed until 1884, almost 30 years after the architects death, due to lack of funds and the intervention of the American Civil War. A difference in shading of the marble (visible approximately 150 feet up) clearly delineates the initial construction from its resumption in 1876. It is generally considered fortunate that the Greek Doric rotunda Mills planned for the base of the monument was never built.1 The Washington Monument at duskIts cornerstone was laid on July 4, 1848; the capstone was set on December 6, 1884, and the completed monument was dedicated on February 21, 1885. It officially opened to the public on October 9, 1888. Upon completion, it became the worlds tallest structure at 169 m, a title it inherited from the Cologne Cathedral and held until 1889, when the Eiffel Tower was finished in Paris, France. The Washington Monument reflection can be seen in the aptly named Reflecting Pool, a rectangular pool extending westward in the direction of the Lincoln Memorial.4大峡谷 The Grand Canyon The Grand Canyon is a very colorful, steep-sided gorge, carved by the Colorado River, in northern Arizona, USA. It is largely contained within the Grand Canyon National Park one of the first national parks in the United States. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of the Grand Canyon area, visiting on numerous occasions to hunt mountain lions and enjoy the scenery. The canyon, created by the Colorado River cutting a channel over millions of years, is about 277 miles (446 km) long, ranges in width from 0.25 to 15 miles (0.4 to 24 kilometers) and attains a depth of more than a mile (1,600 m). Nearly two billion years of the Earths history has been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut through layer after layer of sediment as the Colorado Plateaus have uplifted. The first recorded sighting of the Grand Canyon by a European was in 1540, Garca Lpez de Crdenas from Spain.citation needed The first scientific expedition to the canyon was led by U.S. Major John Wesley Powell in the late 1860s. Powell referred to the sedimentary rock units exposed in the canyon as leaves in a great story book. Long before that, the area was inhabited by Native Americans who built settlements within the canyon walls. 5、华尔街 Wall Street is the name of a narrow street in lower Manhattan in New York City, running east from Broadway downhill to the East River. Considered to be the historical heart of the Financial District, it was the first permanent home of the New York Stock Exchange（纽约证券交易所）. The phrase Wall Street is also used as a metonym（换喻词） to refer to American financial markets and financial institutions as a whole. Most New York financial firms are no longer headquartered on Wall Street, but elsewhere in lower or midtown Manhattan, Fairfield County, Connecticut, or New Jersey. JPMorgan Chase, the last major holdout, sold its headquarters tower at 60 Wall Street to Deutsche Bank in November 2001. 6、自由女神 Statue of Liberty Liberty Enlightening the World, known more commonly as the Statue of Liberty, is a statue given to the United States by France in 1885, standing at Liberty Island in the mouth of the Hudson River in New York Harbor as a welcome to all visitors, immigrants, and returning Americans. The copper statue, dedicated on October 28, 1886, commemorates the centennial of the United States and is a gesture of friendship between the two nations. The sculptor was Frederic Auguste Bartholdi. Gustave Eiffel, the designer of the Eiffel Tower, engineered the internal structure. Eugne Viollet-le-Duc was responsible for the choice of copper in the statues construction and adoption of the Repouss technique. The Statue of Liberty is one of the most recognizable icons of the U.S. worldwide, and, in a more general sense, represents liberty and escape from oppression. The Statue of Liberty was, from 1886 until the Jet age, often the first glimpse of the United States for millions of immigrants after ocean voyages from Europe. Its said that il Sancarlone or the Colossus of Rhodes inspired it. 7、第五大道The Fifth Avenue is a major thoroughfare in the center of the borough of Manhattan in New York City, USA. It runs through the heart of Midtown and along the eastern side of Central Park, and because of the expensive park-view real estate and historical mansions along its course, it is a symbol of wealthy New York. It is one of the best shopping streets in the world, often paired with Londons Oxford Street and the Champs Elyses in Paris. It is one of the most expensive streets in the world, on a par with London and Tokyo lease prices. The most expensive street in the world moniker changes depending on currency fluctuations and local economic conditions from year to year. Joseph Winston Herbert Hopkins founded this street. It is the dividing line for the east-west streets in Manhattan, (for example, demarcating the line separating East 59th Street from West 59th Street) as well as the zero-numbering point for street addresses (numbers increase in both directions as one moves away from Fifth, with 1 East 59th Street on the corner at Fifth Avenue, and 300 East 59th Street located several blocks to the East). Fifth Avenue is a one-way street and carries southbound (downtown) traffic. Some people refer to Fifth Avenue colloquially as Fashion Ave, but many refrain from it to avoid confusion with the real Fashion Ave, also known as Seventh Avenue. Fifth Avenue extends from the north side of Washington Square Park through Greenwich Village, Midtown, and the Upper East Side 8、白宫Formerly known as the Executive Mansion (18101902) the official office and residence of the president of the United States at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue N.W. in Washington, D.C. The White House and its landscaped grounds occupy 18 acres (7.2 hectares). Since the administration of George Washington (178997), who occupied presidential residences in New York and Philadelphia, every American president has resided at the White House. Originally called the “Presidents Palace” on early maps, the building was officially named the Executive Mansion in 1810 in order to avoid connotations of royalty. Although the name “White House” was commonly used from about the same time (because the mansions white-gray sandstone contrasted strikingly with the red brick of nearby buildings), it did not become the official name of the building until 1902, when it was adopted by President Theodore Roosevelt (190109). The White House is the oldest federal building in the nations capital. 9、尼加拉瓜大瀑布Niagara Falls in the Niagara River, W N.Y. and S Ont., Canada; one of the most famous spectacles in North America. The falls are on the international line between the cities of Niagara Falls, N.Y., and Niagara Falls, Ont. Goat Island splits the cataract into the American Falls (167 ft/51 m high and 1,060 ft/323 m wide) and the Horseshoe, or Canadian, Falls (158 ft/48 m high and 2,600 ft/792 m wide). The governments of the United States and Canada control the appearance of the surrounding area, much of which has been included in parks since 1885. The earliest written description of the falls is that of Louis Hennepin (in Nouvelle Dcouverte, 1697), who was with the expedition of Robert Cavelier, sieur de La Salle, the French explorer, in 1678. In the 19th cent., daredevils attempted to brave the falls in barrels, boats, and rubber balls. The great Blondin performed (1859) on a tightrope over the falls, which continue to be a major center of international tourism. Historical and natural history material relating to the region is in the Niagara Falls Museum in the city of Niagara Falls, N.Y. 10、巴拿马运河Panama Canal waterway across the Isthmus of Panama, connecting the Atlantic (by way of the Caribbean Sea) and Pacific oceans, built by the United States (1904-14) on territory leased from the republic of Panama . The canal, running S and SE from Limn Bay at Coln on the Atlantic to the Bay of Panama at Balboa on the Pacific, is 40 mi (64 km) long from shore to shore and 51 mi (82 km) long between channel entrances. The Pacific terminus is 27 mi (43 km) east of the Caribbean terminus. The minimum depth is 41 ft (12.5 m). From Limn Bay a ship is raised by Gatn Locks (a set of three) to an elevation 85 ft (25.9 m) above sea level, traverses Gatn Lake, then crosses the Continental Divide through Gaillard (formerly Culebra) Cut and is lowered by Pedro Miguel Lock to Miraflores Lake and then by the Miraflores Locks (a set of two) to sea level. The average tidal range on the Atlantic side is less than a foot (.3 m); that on the Pacific side is 12.6 ft (3.8 m). 11、黄石公园The Yellowstone Park Foundation is a 501(c)3, non-profit organization created in 1996. A group of concerned citizens, working with the National Park Service, started the Foundation in order to protect, preserve, and enhance Yellowstone National Park.The Foundation works to fund important projects and programs, many of which are beyond the financial capacity of the National Park Service. The Foundation receives no annual government funding; it relies instead upon the generous support of private citizens, foundations, and corporations to ensure that Yellowstones great gifts to the world will never diminish.Since its inception, the Yellowstone Park Foundation has successfully funded more than 100 projects in Yellowstone.12、帝国大厦New York, the Empire State Building was built in March 1930, then use the lightest construction materials, built in the West during the economic crisis has become a symbol of U.S. economic recovery, now still and the Statue of Liberty in New York to become a permanent mark. Has worlds first high-Building and the New York City landmark building. Empire State Building is a modern high-rise office buildings, and the Statue of Liberty in New York as a sign. Construction on the 381-metre-high Empire State Building, since 1931, the top worlds tallest building, the throne for 40 years. This building in the United States the most economically depressed, the most sluggish, with only less than 2 years to build. 102 House and 86 in a floor observatory, is due to open Taiwans Wang, the wind power is considerable. Sunny days when the Yuanwang to be 100 kilometers away.13、夏威夷For most of us, Hawaii begins to weave her spell（魅力）with some little glimmer（微光） of awareness. Golden beaches and go