福建省建瓯市第二中学高三英语下学期专题复习 阅读精品五篇.doc

高三精品阅读五篇阅读专题 词义猜测 a(2014北京东城期末检测)the extraordinary eastgate building in harare,zimbabwes capital city,is said to be the only one in the world to use the same cooling and heating principles as the termite mound(白蚁丘).architect mick pearce used precisely the same strategy when designing the eastgate building,which has no air-conditioning and almost no heating.the buildingthe countrys largest commercial and shopping complexuses less than 10% of the energy of a conventional building of its size.the eastgates owners saved $3.5 million on a $36 million building because an air-conditioning plant didnt have to be imported.the complex is actually two buildings linked by bridges across a shady,glass-roofed atrium(天井) open to the air.fans suck fresh air in from the atrium,blow it upstairs through hollow spaces under the floors and from there into each office through baseboard vents(出口).as it rises and warms,it is drawn out via ceiling vents and finally exists through forty-eight brick chimneys.during summers cool nights,big fans blow air through the building seven times an hour to cool the empty floors.by day,smaller fans blow two changes of air an hour through the building to circulate the air which has been in contact with the cool floors.for winter days,there are small heaters in the vents.this is all possible only because harare is 1,600 feet above sea level,has cloudless skies,little dampness and rapid temperature swingsdays as warm as 31 commonly drop to 14 at night.“you couldnt do this in new york,with its fantastically hot summers and fantastically cold winters,” pearce said.the engineering firm of ove arup & partners monitors daily temperatures.it is found that the temperature of the building has generally stayed between 23 and 25,with the exception of the annual hot period just before the summer rains in october and three days in november,when a doorkeeper accidentally switched off the fans at night.and the air is freshfar more so than in air-conditioned buildings,where up to 30% of the air is recycled.1.why was eastgate cheaper to be built than a conventional building?a.it was designed in a smaller size.b.no air conditioners were fixed in.c.its heating system was less advanced.d.it used rather different building materials.2.what does “it” refer to in paragraph 3?a.fresh air from outside. b.heat in the building.c.hollow space.d.baseboard vent.3.why would a building like eastgate not work efficiently in new york?a.new york has fewer clear skies than harare.b.its dampness affects the circulation of air.c.new york covers a larger area than harare.d.its temperature changes seasonally rather than daily.4.the data in the last paragraph suggests eastgates temperature control system . a.allows a wide range of temperaturesb.functions well for most of the yearc.can recycle up to 30% of the aird.works better in hot seasons b(2014石家庄质检二)sir john,a british scientist who won last years nobel prize for medicine,said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years,and that “maybe the same answer is appropriate” for the step to human cloning.parents who lose children in accidents may be able to clone “copies” to replace them then.although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues,the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful.cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of louise brown,the first “test tube baby”.he said,“when my first frog experiment was done,an american reporter asked how long it will be before these things can be done in mammals or humans.i said,well,it could be anywhere between 10 years and 100 yearshow about 50 years?it turned out that it wasnt far off the mark as far as dolly was concerned.maybe the same answer is appropriate.”sir john added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical twin,and doctors would therefore simply be “copying what nature has already produced”.the average vote on allowing parents of deceased children,who are no longer fertile(能生育的),to create another using the mothers eggs and skin cells from the first child,thinking the technique was safe and effective,is 60 percent in favor.the reasons for “no” are usually that the new child would feel they were some sort of a replacement for something.1.sir john predicted the human cloning would be a reality in at most. a.100 years b.60 yearsc.50 yearsd.10 years2.according to the text,which statement is not true?a.louise brown is the first “test tube baby”.b.human cloning is still a controversial topic.c.sir john is positive about the future of human cloning.d.human cloning is creating something that didnt exist before.3.the underlined word “identical” probably means “ ”. a.sameb.specialc.newd.clear4.what does the text mainly talk about?a.the life of sir john.b.prediction on human cloning.c.views on human cloning.d.achievements in human cloning. c(2014成都二诊)psychologists have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision,choosing a university to attend,for example,involves the use of a decision worksheet.psychologists who study optimization(最优化) compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are.supporters of the worksheet procedure believe that it will bring about the best decisions.although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take,they are all similar in their essential aspects.worksheets require defining the problem in a clear way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem.next,the considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed,and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined.each consideration is assigned a numerical(数字的) value to reflect its related importance.a decision is then mathematically calculated by adding these values together.the choice with the highest number of points comes as the best decision.since most important problems are multifaceted(多方面的),there are several alternatives to choose from,each with unique advantages and disadvantages.one of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables(可变因素) than their minds can generally comprehend and remember.on average,people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once.a worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships.a realistic example for many college students is the question “what will i do after graduation?”a graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training,pursue an advanced degree,or travel abroad for a year.a decision-making worksheet begins with a statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it.it is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals,because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones.focusing on long-range goals,a graduating student might revise the question above to “what will i do after graduation that will lead to a successful career?”1.in paragraph 1,the author develops the discussion by means of . a.describing a processb.classifying types of worksheetsc.providing historical backgroundd.explaining a theory2.which of the following steps occurs before the others when making a decision worksheet?a.deciding which consequences are the most important.b.calculating a numerical summary of each solution.c.listing the consequences of each solution.d.writing down all possible solutions.3.according to decision-worksheet theory,the best choice is defined as the one . a.that has the most points assigned to itb.that uses the most decision worksheetsc.that has the fewest variables to considerd.that is agreed to by the greatest number of people4.the underlined word “revise” is closest in meaning to “ ”. a.askb.explainc.changed.predict d(2014河北保定一模)looking to improve your language skills,but you dont have the time to go abroad to attend school?more and more universities around the world are offering opportunities for students to get degrees online(distance education) from the comfort of their own homes,and many of these colleges and universities are accredited,meaning that they have met certain standards of excellence.if you decide to take language courses online(or any subject for that matter),be sure there are advantages in studying online.its costs are usually lower,and you can study at your own pace,and you can easily get the materials 24 hours a day from almost any computer in the world.however,you wont get the human interaction(互动) of meeting people face to face,as you would if you were attending a school abroad in person.on the other hand,the advantages of going abroad may include day-to-day chances to learn a new culture,to meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and to see different parts of the world.however,there may be a number of disadvantages for some students,including high costs,time away from ones school,family,or work life,and difficulty in getting used to a new culture and way of life.whatever you do,consider a distance education program that meets your educational needs,is what you can afford,and equally importantly,provides you with chances to grow beyond the classroom through cultural and educational activities.1.the authors main purpose of writing the text is to . a.discuss some possible ways of improving language skillsb.help people avoid the difficulty in getting used to a new culturec.tell the readers the advantages and disadvantages of distance educationd.advise people to take online courses when they are unable to go abroad2.which of the following can replace the underlined word “accredited” in paragraph 1?a.analyzedb.approvedc.changedd.canceled3.the advantages of studying online include all the following except . a.lower costsb.studying at ones own pacec.easily-got learning materialsd.day-to-day chances to learn a new culture e(2014沈阳质检二)american english is full of colorful expressions.one such expression is to touch all bases.it comes from the sport of baseball.there are four bases in baseballfirst,second,third and home plate.together,the bases form a diamond shape.when a baseball player hits the ball,he must run to each basein orderand touch it with his foot.it is the only way to score a point.if the player hits the ball and fails to touch all the bases,the point will not be counted.the importance of touching all the bases was shown at the start of the 1974 baseball season.hank aaron was a player with the atlanta braves team.he was seeking the record for hitting the most home runs.a home run is a ball that is hit over the ball.aaron needed just one home run to equal the record held by babe ruth,the greatest hitter in baseball history.aaron got that home run the very first time he had a chance to hit the ball.he sent the ball over the wall that surrounded the playing field.that gave him 714 home runsthe same as babe ruth.after that day,baseball fans held their breath every time it was hank aarons turn to hit.when would he hit home run number 715?the wait was not long.in the second week of the season,aaron again hit the ball over the wall.he had beaten babe ruths record.but first,he had to run around the four bases.the other players on his team watched carefully to make sure he touched each one.if he did not,the home run would not have counted.there would have no new record.so,to touch all bases means to do what is necessary to complete an activity.the expression is used in business and politics.no business deal or political campaign is really complete until you discuss all the issues involved.or,as it is said,until you touch all bases.a professional diplomat in reporting on negotiations with diplomats from different countries may say they“touched all bases”during many hours of talks.this means they explored all issues involved in the situation.1.which of the following the player will score in a baseball game?a.one who runs to the fourth base directly.b.one who hits the ball and runs to each base in order.c.one who hits the ball and fails to touch all the bases.d.one who hits the ball over the wall that surrounds the playing field.2.why did baseball fans pay so much attention to hank aaron?a.because he was the greatest hitter in baseball history.b.because he touched all the bases.c.because the team he was playing for was famous.d.because they wanted to know when he would set a new record.3.which example can best explain the meaning of “to touch all bases”?a.politicians talk about some hot issues of the campaign.b.a student reviews several difficult points for the exam.c.a reporter gives readers a complete picture of an event.d.some businessmen discuss the important problems in the deal.4.whats the purpose of this passage?a.to introduce an expression.b.to explain baseball rules.c.to describe a baseball game.d.to tell the story of a baseball player. a【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了津巴布韦哈拉雷(harare)的东门大厦(eastgate building)采用了不同于常规的冷却和供热系统。1.b 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可以判断出,这座大厦没有安装空调设备,这使它比常规的建筑便宜。故答案为b项。2.a 代词指代题。根据第三段中的“fans suck fresh air in from the atrium,blow it upstairs through hollow spaces under the floors and from there into each office through baseboard vents(出口).”可以判断出,这里的it指的是“来自外边的空气”。故答案为a项。3.d 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知,在纽约夏天特别热,冬天特别冷,而不像哈拉雷那样一天中的气温转变很快,所以这个系统不适合在纽约使用。故答案为d项。4.b 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“the temperature of the building has generally stayed between 23 and 25.and the air is fresh”可以判断出,这座大厦安装的系统在全年的大部分时间里运行良好。故答案为b项。b【语篇导读】诺贝尔医学奖得主英国科学家约翰称,那些在事故中失去子女的父母将能在未来50年内借助克隆技术,让他们的子女“重生”。1.c 细节理解题。依据文章第一段可知,约翰表示,未来50年内,克隆技术将可以成功应用于人类。故选c项。2.d 细节理解题。依据第二段中的“after the birth of louise brown,the first test tube baby”排除a项;文章最后一段说明克隆人类赞成者