初中英语人教版新目标补充词汇表.doc

初中英语人教版新目标补充词汇表(以中考考纲为参照) Aability biliti n. 能力 才能e.g He is proud of his daughters ability to speak four languages. (ability to do sth.)他为女儿能说四种语言而骄傲。I try to do my job to the best of my ability. (=as well as I can) 我尽全力做好我的工作。above bv prep. 在上面、超过e.g. Good health is above wealth 健康胜过财富。We were flying above the clouds. 我们在云层上飞行。Children above the age of 10 will not be accepted. 不接收十岁以上的小孩above all 最重要的是 Above all， make sure you keep in touch.abroad br:d adv. 在（到）国外e.g. They are looking forward to going abroad to study. 他们渴望出国学习。absent bsnt adj. 缺席的 不在的 （+from）e.g. It (so) happened that I was absent from school that day . 那天我正好没上学。 absent-minded 心 不在焉的The absent-minded boy is always losing his books. 这个心不在焉的男孩老是丢书。accent ksnt n. 口音e.g. He speaks with a Hunan accent. 他说话带湖南口音。accept ksept vt. 接受 （receive 指“收到”）e.g. Please accept this gift which stands for our friendship. 请接受这份象征我们友谊的礼物。accident ksidnt 事故；意外的事 （by accident 意外地）e.g. Youre sure to have an accident if you drive so fast down the road. 你要是在路上开得这样快，准会出事。ache eik vi. & n. 痛 疼痛e.g. He has a heavy ache in the neck. 他的脖子很痛。 I ache all over. 我浑身酸痛。headache 头痛 toothache 牙痛 stomachache 胃痛 advise dvaiz .I,T 劝告，忠告，建议 (sb) doing sth; sb (on sth)； sb to do sthe.g. I would advise you to spend a couple of weeks in Hawaii. 我劝您到夏威夷去住两星期。 Will you advise on these points? 关于这几点你提些意见，好吗? I advise you to go slow in what you are doing. 我劝你要谨慎行事。agreement gri:mnt n. 同意 一致（+with） 协定e.g. They finally came into agreement with each other. 他们彼此最终达成一致。Are we in agreement about the price？ 对于这个价格我们是否意见一致呢？The two sides failed to reach an agreement. 双方未能达成一致.airline elain n. 航空公司e.g. The airline people are busy taking care of the passengers. 航空公司志愿正忙着照顾旅客。almost :lmust adv.几乎，差不多e.g. Its a mistake they almost always make. 这是他们几乎总要犯的错误。along l adv. 向前； 和在一起；一同 prep. 沿着 顺着e.g. Im going to see a movie today. Do you want to come along? 我今天要去看电影，你要不要一块儿去?How do you get along with people different from you? 你怎么和与你不同的人相处?The two of us began walking together along the grass road. 我们俩沿着长满草的路边开始一起散步。among m prep. 在中间; 在（三个以上）之间e.g. He was among the last to leave. 他是最后离开者之一。Atlantic tlntik n. 大西洋 adj. 大西洋的e.g. Columbus went across the Atlantic /the Atlantic Ocean in a ship in 1492. 哥伦布于1492年乘船横渡大西洋。available velbl adj. 可用的 有效的 有空的e.g. Im sorry no part-time jobs are available at the moment. 对不起，目前没有兼职的工作。 Will she be available this weekend？ 她这个周末有空吗？avoid vid vt. 躲开 避免(+ n./+v-ing) 逃避e.g. The doctor says he must avoid foods with too much fat. 医生说他要避免吃高脂肪食品。We must try to avoid repeating these mistakes. 我们要避免重犯这些错误。Bbackground bkgraund n. 背景Ce.g. He came to know all of Johns background. 他逐渐了解了所有有关约翰的背景情况。bamboo bmbu 竹 C,Ubasic beisik adj. 基本的e.g. They mastered the basic skills only after eight weeks of training. 八周的训练之后，他们才掌握了基本技能。bear （小学已学）bee bi: n. 蜜蜂beyond bijnd prep. （表示位置）在.的那一边e.g. The gang live abroad, beyond reach of the British police. 这帮匪徒住在国外,英国警方鞭长莫及.bill bil n.账单 法案 议案 （美） 钞票 纸币e.g. The telephone bill was paid in full and we could use our phones again. 电话费付清了，我们又可以使用电话了She makes a mistake when adding up the bill. 她在合计账单时出了差错。bitter bit adj. 有苦味的 痛苦的 难过的 严酷的e.g. Bitter medicine cures sickness. 良药苦口利于病。 The house keeps them from the bitter weather. 这房子使他们免受严寒。blood bld n.血 Ublow blu (blew, blown) v. 吹 刮风 吹气e.g. He tried to blow up a fire. The fire died out, instead. 他试图把火吹旺,谁知火却熄了。 The winds blow across the sea, pushing the waves. 风吹过海面,把波浪推向前。boss bs n. 老板 领班bottle btl n. 瓶子 （a bottle of sth）bottom btm n. 底部 底e.g. I want to thank you for your help from the bottom of my heart. 我打心底里想感谢你的帮助。brain brein n. 脑子e.g. A full belly makes a dull brain. 吃得太饱，呆头呆脑。breath bre n.呼吸，气息 Ue.g. She was soon out of breath, but she continued to run. 她很快就气喘吁吁了，但仍继续追赶。breathe bri: v. 呼吸 e.g. I loved climbing mountains, to get away from the noise and pollution of the city, and breathe the fresh air. 我喜欢爬山，从而远离城市的喧嚣和污染，呼吸新鲜的空气。butterfly （小学已学） Ccancel knsl v. 取消e.g. A storm is coming. Wed better cancel the picnic tomorrow. 暴风雨要来了，我们最好取消明天的野餐。candle kndl n. 蜡烛 cap kp n.（有帽舌的）软帽，便帽 瓶盖 笔套careless kelis adj. 粗心的 漫不经心的e.g. Careless driving often causes accidents. 开车粗心往往酿成事故。Jack was so careless that he forgot to head up the composition before it was handed in.杰克太粗心了，作文没有加标题就交了上去。 CD-ROM 信息储存光盘 （compact disk-red only memory的缩写）ceiling si:li n. 天花板 顶棚celebrate selibreit vt. 庆祝e.g. Setting off firecrackers is a traditional way to celebrate the new year. 放鞭炮是庆祝新年的传统方式。cent sent n. 美分 分 （100 cents = 1 dollar）chairman/chairwoman trmn twumn n. 主席chalk t:k n. 粉笔 U （a piece of chalk）change teind n. 找给的零钱；找头 U vt. n. 改变 变化 更换 兑换e.g. Every day the first thing Nancy did was to change water for the flowers. 南希每天要做的第一件事就是给花换水。 I dont have any small change on me. 我身上没有零钱。chant v. n. 咏唱 歌颂 歌谣（小学已学）cheat ti:t vt.骗取 哄骗 vi. 作弊e.g. If you try to cheat in your exam, I think you will never succeed. 如果你想考试作弊，我肯定你不会得逞的。 Shops and stores can not cheat customers. 商场不能蒙骗顾客。chest test n. 箱子 盒子 胸部chopsticks n. 筷子（小学已学）clap klp vi. & n. 拍手 鼓掌 e.g. Lets give her a big clap. 咱们为她热烈鼓掌。 clap ones hands 鼓掌clone klun v. 克隆coach kut n. 教练 马车 长途车 （学过其动词用法“训练指导”）coal kul n. 煤 U 煤块 Ccoast kust n. 海岸，海滨e.g. Often on weekends I take the bus to the coast and go fishing. 我常在周末搭公共汽车去海边钓鱼。college klid n. 大学 专科学校 go to college 上大学composition kmpzin n. 作文 作曲 e.g. There are few grammatical mistakes in his composition. 他的作文中几乎没有什么语法错误。 condition kndin n.状况 条件e.g. The doctor said the old mans condition was hopeless. 医生说这位老人的状况没有希望了。 He called on the government to improve the poors living condition. 他呼吁政府改善穷人的生活条件。conference knfrns n. （正式）会议 讨论会 a press conference 新闻发布会control kntrul vt. & n. 控制e.g. Self-control is courage under another form 自我克制是勇气的另一种形式。We are losing control of the world population. 我们正在失去对世界人口的控制。When in anger， youd better control your mood. 生气的时候，最好控制情绪。cooker kuk n. 炊具 （锅 炉灶 烤炉等）cotton ktn n. 棉花 Ucouple kpl n. 夫妇 一对 几个e.g. The young couple owned a couple of movie houses. 这对年轻夫妇拥有好几家电影院。courage krid n. U 勇气 胆略crayon 蜡笔（小学已学）cruel kru:l adj. 残酷的 无情的 （be to sb） e.g. He is cruel to animals. 他对动物很残忍。 Ddare de v. & aux. 敢，竟敢 敢于 （情态动词 dare do sth 实义动词 dare to do sth）e.g. How dare you say that to me ! 你竟敢对我说这话 Do you dare to come with me? 你敢跟我来吗? dead ded adj. 死的 无生命的 （die v. death n.）dialogue dailg n. 对话diary dairi n. 日记 e.g. She stuck the photograph on the back of her diary Book. 她把照片贴在她的日记本的背面。dig dig（dug dug） v. 挖（洞 沟） 掘e.g. The bears will be able to hibernate in caves dug by themselves. 这些熊将可以在自己挖的洞穴里冬眠。discovery diskvri n. 发现e.g. The accident led to a great scientific discovery. 这一偶然事件引发了一项重大科学发现。discussion diskn n. 讨论 辩论 （have a discussion about/on sth）disease dizi:z n. 疾病dismiss dismis vt. 解散 解雇 遣散e.g. If you insist on your demand for a pay raise , I shall have no choice but to dismiss you .如果您坚持要求增加工资，我就只好辞退您了。 disturb dist:b vt. 扰乱 打扰e.g. She opened the door quietly so as not to disturb the sleeping child. 她轻轻地开门,以免惊扰了睡著的孩子。doll dl n. 玩偶 玩具娃娃double dbl adj. 两倍的 双的 n. 两个 双e.g. What luck! This year your birthday and Mothers Day are on the same day. This calls for a double celebration. 真幸运!今年您的生日和母亲节是同一天。这需要双重庆祝。doubt daut n. & vt. 怀疑 疑惑 （without 毫无疑问 ）e.g. There is no doubt that our team will come out on top in the tale tennis finals with the Japanese team 在与日本队的乒乓球决赛中，毫无疑问，我们队一定会获胜的。Maybe he changed his mind, but I doubt it 也许他改变了主意,但我对此表示怀疑。dozen dzn n. 十二个 一打 (a of sth dozens of sth)dry drai vt. 弄干 擦干 adj. 干的 干燥的e.g. As theres no butter we had to do with dry bread. 既然没有奶油，我们也只好凑合着吃干面包。 You can dry the clothes in a dryer. 你可以用烘干机将衣服弄干。 Eeast （学过eastern 及其他方向）edge ed n. 边缘 （at/on the of 处在的边缘）e.g. Dont put that glass on the edge of the table;it might fall off. 不要把那杯子放在桌边,可能掉下来. education edjukein n 教育 培养 （已学 educate， educational）England （小学已学）everyday evridei adj. 每日的 日常的 everyday news 每日新闻 everyday life 日常生活 （=daily）examine igzmin vt. 检查 诊察e.g. Then one of the patients died, and Dr. Lis team was able to examine the brain 后来，一位病人去世了，李医生的小组可以直接检查他的脑部。excite （已学excited exciting）express ikspres vt. 表达 表示（已学expression）e.g. find it difficult to express my meaning. 我发觉我难以表达我的意思。 Ffeeling fi:li n. 感情 感觉 (学过feel)e.g. I will never forget the feeling of the cool bottle on my skin 我永远忘不了冰凉的瓶子接触我皮肤时的感觉。 He got lost in a strong bitter feeling. 他沉迷在一种强烈的愤恨感情中。fine (小学已学)fire fai n. 火 火炉 火灾 （be on 着火 put out a 灭火）fish (小学已学)flat flt n. 公寓 楼中的一套房间e.g. Ill fit you up with a bed at my flat. 我可以在我的寓所里为你提供一个床位。 flu flu: n.U 流感force f:s vt. 强迫 迫使 （ sb to do sth； sb into sth/doing sth 迫使某人做某事）e.g. I was forced to take a taxi because the last bus had left. 最后一班车已经离开， 我被迫打的。forest (小学已学)forward frwd adv. 向前 前进 将来 今后e.g. Move forward carefully or youll slip. 小心地往前走,不然会滑倒。Review the past and look forward to the future. 回顾过去，展望未来。freeze fri:z v.结冰 (frozen frozen)e.g. In the bitter cold，we almost freeze to death. 在这严寒中，我们差点冻死。fridge frid n. 冰箱 (= refrigerator)frog frg n. 青蛙 Ggate geit n. 大门gentleman (学过gentle) dentlmn n. 绅士 先生 （pl. gentlemen）gesture dest n. 姿势 手势e.g. He raised his hands in a gesture of victory. 他举起双手做了个胜利的手势。glad gld adj. 高兴的 乐意的e.g. My parents were glad about my passing all the exams this term. 我父母为我这学期门门功课考试及格而高兴。 goat （小学已学）god gd n. 神 上帝（大写）e.g. God never shuts one door without opening another. 天无绝人之路。goal gul n. （足球的）球门 进球 目标 （reach ones ， achieve ones 实现目标）golden guldn adj. 金（黄）色的goose gu:s n.鹅 (pl. geese)grandchild grndtaild n. （外）孙子或（外）孙女，孙辈 （pl. grandchildren）granddaughter grndd:t n. 孙女granny grni n. 老奶奶 祖母 外婆 greeting gri:ti n. 祝贺 问候 （学过greet）e.g. She waved me a greeting. 她挥手向我打招呼。ground graund n. 地面guess ges vi. /vt猜 （at sth） n. 猜测 猜想e.g. I guess there are mice in the kitchen 我猜想厨房里有老鼠。guest gest n. 客人 宾客gun gn n. 枪 炮 Hhalf h:f adj. & n. 一半 半e.g. We have followed this road for five and a half years and have achieved satisfactory results. 我们沿着这道路走了五年半，发展得不错。handsome hndsm adj. 英俊的handwriting hndraiti n. 书法 Uhang （hung hung）（学过“闲逛”的含义）e.g. She asked him for help to hang the pictures in her new flat. 她请他帮忙把这些画该挂在她的新单元房里。heaven hevn n. 天 天空 天堂 （in 在天堂 天上 ）hide （hid hidden）haid v. 把藏起来 隐藏e.g. Hide the present from your father until his birthday 把礼物藏起来，别让你父亲知道，到生日那天再拿给他high hai adj. 高度 高度的 （学过high school）hill hil n. 小山 丘陵 土堆 honor n n. 荣誉 敬意 vt. 尊敬 给以荣誉 （in of 纪念 向致敬）e.g. Mothers Day is to honor all mothers not just your own. 母亲节是为了向所有母亲致敬，并非只是自己的母亲。 A party was heldin honor of the visiting chairman. 为来访的主席举行了聚会。hot dog （小学已学）humorous hju:mrs adj.幽默的 hurry hri vi 赶快 急忙 （ up 赶快 to do sth 赶着去做某事） （小学已学）Iinch int n. 英寸include inklu:d v. 包含 包括 （学过including）e.g. Cycling races racing include track events and road events自行车赛包括场地自行车赛和公路自行车赛。India indj n. 印度industry indstri n. 工业 High-tech industry 高科技产业ink ik n. 墨水，油墨 Uinside insaid prep. 在里面e.g. Two beautiful birds are singing inside the cage. 两只美丽的鸟儿在笼中歌唱。insist insist vi. 坚持 坚持认为 （ on sth/doing sth 坚持做某事 坚持要求）e.g. I think it unwise for both of us to insist on his own price. 我认为双方坚持自己的价格是不明智的。 I must insist on your giving me a straightforward answer. 我一定要你给我一个直截了当的回答。 I must insist that you （should）give me a straightforward ention intenn n. 意图 目的 （ to do sth/of doing sth）e.g. Do you have any intention of learning German language ? 您有学德语的打算吗？iron ain n. 铁 熨斗 vt. 烫平e.g. The teacher was walking up and down the room with the iron ruler under his arm and a book in his hand. 老师手里拿着一本书，胳膊下夹着铁戒尺，在教室里走过来走过去。 He is ironing a shirt with an iron. 他用一把熨斗熨衬衫。 Jjacket （小学已学）joy di U高兴，愉快，喜悦 C令人高兴的人或事，乐事，乐趣e.g. In China firework is played to express joy and happiness during the Spring Festival. 在中国，春节的时候总要放爆竹来表达喜庆与欢乐。Kkeyboard ki:b:d n. 键盘kick kik vt. & n. 踢e.g. kick a ball 踢球 a good kick 踢得好Llabour/labor leib n. 劳动 Ulamb lm n. 羔羊 lamp lmp n. 灯 油灯 台灯law l: n. 法律 U 法令 定律 C （学过lawyer）lay lei vt. 放 搁（laid， laid）（学过“下蛋 产卵”之义）e.g. Lay aside bad habits 丢掉坏习惯。lemonade lemneid n. 柠檬水 Ulevel levl n. 水平 水平线e.g. His plane continued flying at 5000 metres above sea level. 他的飞机一直在海拔五千米的高空飞行。lie lai n. 谎言 vi. 撒谎 （学过“平躺”之义）（ to sb 对某人撒谎）e.g. He is so stupid as to believe such a lie. 他竟然蠢得连这种谎言都相信。 He lied to his mother about his disease. 患病的事， 他向他妈妈撒谎了。lonely lunli adj. 孤独的 寂寞的Mmachine mi:n n. 机器manage mnid v. 管理 设法对付（学过management）e.g. How does he manage to write music when he is so deaf. 他聋成这个样子,究竟是怎样从事作曲的呢？I will manage the business somehow. 我将设法处理这事。manager mnid n. 经理marriage mrid n. 婚姻e.g. Congratulate the young couple on their marriage and wish them a long life of happiness together. 祝福这对新人并愿他们白头偕老。master m:st vt. 精通 掌握 n. 主人 雇主e.g. If money be not your servant, it will be your master. 不做金钱的主人,就会做金钱的奴隶。 memory memri n. 回忆 记忆（学过memorize） （in of 纪念）e.g. They will strike a medal in memory of the great victory. 他们将打制一枚纪念章纪念这场伟大的胜利。I have no memory of the exact words. 我记不得那原话了。mend mend v. 修理 修补 （=repair）mirror mir(r) n. 镜子 (小学学过) motorcycle mutsaikl n. 摩托车Nnod nd v. & n. 点头 （ to sb 向某人点头）Oobject bdikt n. 物 物体 宾语e.g. He held a stick-like object in his hand. 他手里握着一支像棍子的东西。officer fis n. 军官 公务员 官员 警官once wns n. & adv. 一次 一度 从前 conj. 一旦 （学过“一次”之义） （at 立刻）e.g. He was born in 1921 and once studied in an art college. 他出生于1921年，曾就读于一所艺术专科学校。 Once he makes up his mind， it is hard to get him to change it. 一旦他决定了，就很难让他回心转意。operation ,prein; ,apren n. 手术 操作 （学过operate）e.g. The heater is now ready for operation and the main switch can be turned off这时热水器可以开始工作, 可以关掉主开关。PP.C. = personal computer 个人电脑package pkid n. 一包 一袋 一盒 （a of sth） n. 包裹page peid n. 页 页码 Page 10 = the 10th pagepale peil adj. 苍白的 灰白的 e.g. a face 苍白的脸 She looks pale. 她看上去很苍白。pardon p:dn n 原谅 宽恕 对不起e.g. I beg your pardon? 请您再说一遍(我没有听清) I beg your pardon, but can you tell me how I can get to the center? 对不起,打扰了请教去中心怎么走? passage psid n. （文章的）一段 一节 通道 走廊e.g. Turn to the right at the passage and go to the end. 从这个走道转到右边一直走到底. passport p:sp:t n. 护照e.g. A person who travels abroad must carry a passport. 出国旅行要携带护照。path p: n. 小道 小径 （小学已学）penny peni n. 便士 美分 （英 pl. pence）percent psent n. 百分之一 （不用复数形式）百分比, 百分数e.g. I am 100 percent in agreement. 我百分之百同意。period pirid n. 时期 时代e.g. The work can be done within a short period 可在较短时间内完成这项工作。pioneer （小学已学）pity piti n. 怜悯 同情 遗憾的事e.g. Its a pity she cant attend the reception. 她不能参加招待会，真是遗憾。 I felt great pity for the woman whose baby died. 我很同情这个死了孩子的妇女。plain plein adj. 家常的 普通的e.g. a plain person 普通人 plain dishes 家常菜plate pleit n. 板 片 牌 盘子 盆子e.g. a plate of food 一盘食物 a door plate 门牌pocket pkit n. （衣服的） 口袋e.g They invited me to prepare a pocket dictionary. 他们请我编一本袖珍字典。policy plsi n. 政策 方针e.g. It is the policy of the government to improve education. 改进教育是政府的政策。pond pnd n. 池塘pork p:k n. 猪肉 Uposition pzin n. 位置 (in a 在位置上)e.g. The telephone is in a bad position I cannot reach it. 电话机放的位置不好，我够不着它。praise preiz vt.赞扬, 歌颂, 称赞n.赞扬, 赞 (to sb for sth 因某事赞扬某人 in of sb/sth 称赞)e.g. She praised her daughter for her hard work. 她赞扬女儿的辛勤工作。 He gave a speech in praise of the school. 他在讲话中称赞了这所学校。prepare pripe vt. 准备 预备 调制 配制 （ for sth 为做准备）e.g. The teacher prepared the students for the exams. 老师让学生们为考试作准备prepare a meal 做饭 to prepare a net for fishing准备捕鱼的鱼网prevent privent vt. 防止 预防 ( sb from doing sth 防止某人做某事)e.g. What prevented you from joining us last night? 昨天晚上什么事使你不能参加我们的晚会?pride praid n. 自豪 骄傲 U（学过 take pride in）print print vt 印刷e.g. This printer can print 120 pages a minute. 这台印刷机每分钟能印一百二十页。prison prizn n. 监狱prisoner prizn n. 囚犯private praivit adj. 私人的e.g. a private room 私人房间 in private 秘密地promise prmis n. 允诺(+of)(+that)(+to-v) vt. 答应 +to-v+thate.g. keep ones promise 信守诺言 break ones promise 违背诺言 She promised her brother that she would write to him. / She promised to write to her brother.她答应弟弟将给他写信。protect prtekt vt. 保护 ( sb from/a