英语语音速成.doc

英语语音速成基本流程一、牢记下列辅音字母读音规则英文字母国际音标词例thW清磨擦音three、thank、thin、throwthT浊this、than、those、theys,c(在e,i,y前)s清see、sit、nice、ceases、zz浊physics、peasant、zoo、zealshF清shape、short、fish、sharps(ua)V浊usually、casualf、ph、ghf清face、photo、laugh、rough、toughvv浊vest、wave、vaseh、wh(o)hhat、here、who、whole、whomr、wrrrest、read、round、write、wrongch、tchtF清破擦音church、watch、catch、patchj、g（在e,i,y前）dV浊just、jeep、page、change、strangetsts清cats、writes、hatsdsdz浊hands、bedstrtr清tree、treat、tractor、controldrdr浊drive、dress、drink、drymm鼻音meat、come、member、man舌自然放到口中，闭上双唇让音从鼻腔发出n、knnneat、name、knife、know、knock舌尖放上齿和硬颚相交处、张嘴气流从鼻腔发出ng、n(k)Nsong、ring、think、pink、bank、king后舌向软颚抬，从鼻腔发音ll舌侧音lead、life、apple、table、littlepp清爆破音pick、peace、pen、tape、shipbb浊bat、baby、bath、mob、jobtt清tea、beat、team、tent、sitdd浊day、hand、bad、desk、dok、c、ckk清kite、call、can、cute、back、pickg、gug浊game、gun、garden、guide、guardw、whw半元音want、wash、what、when、whaleyjyes、yet、young、yardqukwquite、quarter、quiz、quicklyxksfox、box、fix、six、mix二、掌握开音节，闭音节结构在单音节词里，如果只有一个元音字母，那么，这个词不是开音节，就是闭音节。开音节：1）绝对开音节，以（一个辅音字母加上）一个元音字母结尾的音节。即：辅+元。如go sky me等。2）相对开音节：（一个辅音字母加上）一个元音字母加上一个或几个辅音字母（r, y, w）再加上一个不发音的e即：元+辅（r, y, w除外）+e。如：take, these, like, note, mute, paste等。闭音节：以一个元音字母加上一个辅音字母（r, y, w除外）结尾的单词。即：元+辅（r, y, w除外）。如：mat, bed, this, not, bus等。五个元音字母再开闭音节的发音字母音节AaEeIi(Yy)OoUu开音节eii:aiEuju:闭音节AeiCQ例如：开音节：hate, mete, site, note, tube闭音节：hat, met, sit, not, tub注：开音节，闭音节的例外情况1）ind读作/aind/,old读作/EUld/。2）以下几个词由于历史演变的原因不按开音节发音，love, some, come, give, live三、记住r音节和其他字母组合在重读音节的读音。元音字母读音规则总表字母情况读音词例a开音节eiTape, lake, take, hate,a闭音节Amap, bag , at, hand, lap, sanda在st, sk, ss, ft,th,sp之前a:past, ask, after, fast, casta在w,wh,qu之后Cwhat, squad, wash, squasha在词首或词尾非重读音节Epanda attend bananaa+辅+e在词尾非重读音节icomrade village privateai, ay重读音节eilay today faint daily say ai, ay非重读音节icaptain Sundayal重读音节C:tall fall hallairZhair pair fair affairar非重读音节Esugar grammar particularar在w, wh, qu后面C:warm quarter warareZEcare square hareaw,auC:dawn august cause hawke开音节i:me be these mete shee闭音节ebed pen men deske在非重读音节iexit excuse preciseeai:teacher read please meateaehead weapon bread deadea个别词eigreat steak breakea个别词iEIdea real theaterearZEpear bear wear tear eariEtear hear nearearE:early year learnear个别词a:hearteei:green meeting seeeeripioneer cheer beereii:receive neithereigheineighbor eight weigh er重读音节E:merchant her serviceer非重读音节Eover outer other teacherere除where, there以外iEhere austere severeewu:chew threw grewewju:few knew newey重读音节eithey obey hey greyey非重读音节ichimney monkeyi开音节aii like time knife sitei闭音节iit pick sit kickiei:Thief belief pieceie在单音节词中aiTie pie dieieaiEquiet science dietighainight right bright high indaindfind kind behindirE:girl dirty birth firireaiEfire tire hire sirei非重读音节（法语词中）i:medicine famine policeo开音节Eupoke note go so poleo闭音节Ccock stop not hotoaEucoat road boatoi, oyCiboy toy noiseo有时候Qsome other mother comeo非重读音节Epilot obey methodo在词尾非重读音节EJpolo photo gusto memooldEJldcold fold gold told oo在l, m, n, s前u:school noon roomooJbook goodor重读音节fR:for sportor非重读音节Edoctor tractoror在w后E:word workoreR:more before exploreu,owaJhow about out cowouu:you group troupeou个别词Qtouch young country roughous形容词词尾sfamous tremendousour重读音节C:four your courtour重读音节aJEhour our flowerour非重读音节Eharbor, neighbour humourowEJsnow know bowu开音节ju:huge tube muteu闭音节Qtug much but sunuaJEusuallyur重读音节E:turn nurseur非重读音节ESaturdayurejuEpure manure mature y开音节aisky fly typey词尾非重读音节ireally ready heavy-ciaFEspecial-siaFEAsia Malaysia-tiaFEinitial confidential-sianFEnAsian Russian Persian-tionFEndiction, nation, conversation-ssionFEnpossession profession -stionstFEnquestion suggestion -turetFpicture departure -tiousFsambitious cautious-ciousFsdelicious gracious四、 学会判断双音节和多音节单词的重音在掌握了以上重音的判断读音规则后，我们就要以拼读双音节或多音节词。要判断双音节或多音节词的读音，首先要判断出重读音。下面介绍如何在没有音标的情况下判断出一个词的重读音节A、一般情况下双音节或多音节词的重音在第一音节上。但以下情况重音在第二音节1）单独一个元音字母开头的词，或，例如：attend effect idea observe2）以下前缀开头的词be,re,de,ex,com,con,dis,pre,up,to,B、下面这些音节本身不重读，但它的前一个音节一定重读，其中ity,ic,ieal前面的音节一般多为闭音节他们是：tion,ity,ic,ical,sion,ssion,eial,tial。例如：nation,activity,economic,historical,occasion,possession,special,initial,C、所有的后缀都不重读。如：er,or,ment,ous,tive,y,ly,less,ful,ing,ey,al,est,ish,ness,ed,辅音字母+l或le等。例如：teacher,doctor,picture,treatment,famous,active,tiny,lovely,leailess,careful,farthing,cockney, latest,kindness等。D，音节的划分。1） 如果两个音节之间只有一个辅音字母，这个辅音字母应属后一个音节，这样，第一个音节如果是重读音节，那么这个音节一般为开音节，如：co/ma, ti/ny, la/ter, ta/per。有人把这种方式称之为“一归后”。2） 如果两个音节之间有两个辅音字母，这两个辅音字母分别属于两个音节，这样，第一个音节如果是重读音节，那么这个音节就是闭音节。如：com/ma, tin/ny, lat/ter, tap/per。有人把这种方式称之为“二分手”。但由于英语单词的来源很复杂，有些常见词属于第一种的结构，却按第二种方法划分音节。如：river, physics, visit, figure, pity, critic, cover等，请学习时多加注意。E，四个音节以上的词，从重读音节向前数第二个音节为次重音，该音节的元音字母按重读音节发音。如：conversation, competition, explanation, curiosity1.puma 34.costurne 67.fiction 100.devour2.convince 35.gangster 68.delay 101.antique3.disturb 36.promptly 69.vessel 102.muster4.identity 37.valiant 70.rudder 103.litter5.worship 38.brigade 71.exert 104.dealer6.drainage 39.pavement 72.devise 105.justice7.explore 40.accuse 73.capture 106.emerge8.goddess 41.locate 74.wisdom 107.disused9.sacred 42.coble 75.surgeon 108.convert10.fragrnet 43.elagant 76.afflict 109.presurne11.classical 44.conorete 77.euvious 110.assurne12.manual 45.suspend 78.anohor 111.naive13.collar 46.current 79.bargain 112.cancel14.dustman 47.sculpture 80.assail 113.reflect15.statas 48.oddly 81.marble 114.mighty16.arcade 49.attach 82.inscribe 115.engrave17.ashtray 50.repel 83.comic 116.syinbol18.velvet 51.flicker 84.pester 117.acivent19.feline 52.astound 85.mumble 118.scanty20.impact 53.ransorn 86.hobble 119.deduce21.squirrel 54.cardboard 87.console 120.unioue22.tragic 55.pioneer 88.plarter 121.boulder23.voyage 56.marquis 89.recluse 122.perturb24.iceberg 57.adore 90.suspect 123.hammer25.declare 58.falter 91.desert 124.fissure26.smuggler 59.proceed 92.salvage 125.pleading27.mostril 60