牛津高中英语模块五重点词汇复习.doc

1. betray 1) 出卖；背叛 He would rather die than betray his country to the enemy.他宁愿饿死也不愿向敌人出卖自己的祖国.2) 显露；泄露The expression on her face betrays her anger.她脸上的表情显示她在生气。The officer betrayed the secret to his friends. 那军官把秘密向朋友泄露了。She could not help betraying her sympathy for us. 她禁不住对我们露出同情之意。2. admit1) 承认；供认admit doing sth. 承认做某事 admit to sb. 向某人承认He admitted his crime. 他招认了罪行。He admitted to us that he was wrong. 他向我们承认他错了。John has admitted breaking the window. 约翰已承认打碎了窗子。2) 许可进入，准许进入 admit sb. to/into- 接纳某人进入.; 吸收某人参加.This ticket admits two people to the football match.这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。He is admitted to Nanjing University this year. 他今年被南京大学录取了。3) 容纳, 容许The cinema admits about 2000 people. 这座电影院大约可坐 2000 人。4) admit of 容许有; 有.可能; 容有.的余地The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation.这些规章制度不容许有其他解释。His illness admits of no delay. 他的病不容拖延。The evidence can not admit of doubt. 证据确凿, 不容置疑。3. absorb vt. 1) 吸收；承受；承担About nine tenths of the light from the sun is absorbed by the atmosphere.来自太阳的光约有十分之九被大气层吸收。We will not absorb these charges/ costs. 我们不能承担这些费用。2) 吸取（知识）；占有The clever boy absorbed the knowledge his teacher could give him.那个聪明的男孩吸收了老师教给他的所有知识。This job absorbs all of my time. 这件工作占有了我的全部时间。3) 吸引；使专心；使全神贯注be absorbed in- 专心于-The boy sat there, absorbed in thought. 那个男孩坐在那里，沉思着。I was absorbed in a book and didnt hear you at all.我正专心看书，没听到你叫我。 4. suffer 1) vi. 变坏、变糟 Your studies will suffer if you play too much football.你要是总踢球，功课就会变糟。Her business suffered when she is ill.她患病时，生意受到了影响。2) vi. & vt. 经历、遭受 He cheered up again after suffering defeat.在经历了失败的挫折后，他又振作起来。We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.在经济危机中我们受到了巨大的损失。3) vt. 忍受, 忍耐I will not suffer such conduct.我不能容忍这种行为。She could not suffer criticism.她受不了批评。I can not suffer you to be idle.我不能让你偷懒。suffer pain受痛苦 suffer from cold and hunger饥寒交迫5. ruin1) n.衰败；毁灭；瓦解fall into ruin破败不堪 the ruin of his hopes他的希望的破灭pl. 废墟, 遗迹We saw the ruins of the church.我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。2) vt.使破产; 使堕落;破坏, 毁灭；使成废墟ruin ones hopes使希望破灭The storm ruined the crops.暴风雨毁坏了庄稼。习惯用语：be the ruin of成为.毁灭/堕落的原因bring sb. to ruin使某人失败; 使倾家荡产bring ruin upon oneself自取灭亡go fall come to ruin毁灭, 灭亡; 崩溃; 破坏掉in ruins成为废墟ruin oneself毁掉自己6. embarrass vt.使窘迫, 使困惑, 使为难, 使(问题)复杂化The decline of sales embarrassed the company.销路下降使公司陷于财政困难。embarrass sb by doing sth 通过做某事使某人窘迫embarrassed adj. 窘迫的，尴尬的，be embarrassed at/about sth. 因某事而困窘embarrassing adj. 令人难堪的an embarrassing mistake 一个令人难堪的错误embarrassment n. 困窘7. be determined to do sth.决心做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某事determine sb. to do sth.使某人决定做某事determine sb. against sth.使某人决定不做某事determine on-决定-1. debate vt/vi/n. 争论；辩论 debate sth. 讨论某事 debate + wh-clause 讨论 debate about/on sth. 争论某事I debated (on/upon) the question with Mary. 我和玛丽辩论了这个问题。 The debated who was to blame for the failure. 他们讨论谁应该为失败受责备。2. voice v. 表达；吐露； n. 看法；意见 A spokesman voiced the workers dissatisfaction. 发言人表达了工人的不满。 Before this new plan comes into effect, we would like to hear the voice of the workers. 新计划实施前，我们愿意倾听一下工人们的意见。3. These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs.lay vt. (鸟，虫等)下蛋；产卵，放；搁置 (laid, laid, laying)These hens are not laying eggs.这些母鸡没有在下蛋。Lay your coat on the bed.把你的大衣放在床上。Were going to lay a new table cloth.我们要铺一块新桌布。【拓展】lie lied lied lying撒谎lie lay ain lying躺；位于4. The figure is now approaching 6.5 billion people.approach vt/vi. 接近；靠近；处理；解决 n. 方法；方式；道路； the approach to (doing) sth. (做) 某事的方法Spring is approaching.春天就要来临。We heard the sound of an approaching car. 我们听到一辆车驶近的声音。He is approaching 80.他差不多80岁了。We approached the camp silently.我们悄悄走近营地。 An investigative group will approach the nuclear problem in Iran. 一个调查小组将处理伊朗的核问题。5. It would be beneficial to expand our recycling industry, and teach people about environmentally friendly ways of living.expand v. 扩大；增加；增强； expansion n. Metals expand when they are heated.金属受热会膨胀。Student numbers are expanding rapidly. 学生人数在迅速增长. Weve expanded the business by opening two more store 我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。6. The worlds population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800. 倍数表达法： A is twice as big as B.A is twice bigger than B. A is twice the size of B. 7. It is obvious that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment. It is obvious that 很显然；obviously adv. 显然地；明显地 It is obvious that the sick child needs food and sunshine. Obviously, it is you who have made a mistake. 很显然，是你弄错了。 situation 1）形势；情形；处境2）地理位置；环境特点He got into a situation where he had to decide immediately.他遇到一种情况需要他立即决定。We have all been in similar embarrassing situations.我们都遇到过类似的尴尬局面。The town is in a delightful situation in a wide green valley.小城坐落在一个宽阔而草本苍翠的山谷中，环境宜人In your situation, I would look for another job.要是我是你的话，我会另找一份工作。 situate vt 使位于；使坐落于 situated adj. 位于的；坐落在的 be situate in/on= be located in/on1. in addition (to) 表示附加原因，“而且，此外”。In addition, there is one more point I would like to make.此外，我还想再说明一点。In addition to the subjects already mentioned, students will also study biology.包括刚才提到的科目，学生此外还要学生物。2. wipe out 消灭，灭绝，洗净的内部The deadly disease almost wiped out the whole nation.致命的疾病几乎使整个民族消失。All the information saved in the computer was wiped out by the virus.所有储存在电脑里的资料全部被病毒删除了。Can you wipe out the inside of the coffee pot?你能把咖啡壶的内部洗干净吗？3. cut back on = cut down on = reduce 减少，削减To save money, we should cut back on our spending.为了节省钱，我们必须减少开支。If we cant sell more, we will have to cut back on production.如果我们不能扩大销售量，我们就不得不削减生产。1. point out 指出 (P 43)He pointed out my mistakes. 他指出了我的错误。 When it comes to houses, he points out that most people work all their lives paying for a house.提到房子，他指出大多数人一生都在为一所房子而辛苦地工作。 point at/to 指着、指向某人或某物 （两个词组可以换用） point at 对准、瞄准（某人用枪对准某人某物等） point to 表明、指向（主语为证据、时针以及宾语为某一方向时）2. interfere vi. interfere with 妨碍；扰乱； (P 42) interfere in 【贬】干涉、干预、介入 I never interfere in his affairs. 我从来不介入他的事。The sound of the radio upstairs interferes with my work.3. breakthrough n. 突破 (P 42) make / achieve a breakthrough in 在某方面取得突破 break through 冲破、突破 break out (战争、火灾等)的突然爆发； break into 破门而入、闯入 break up 粉碎、解散、结束（分手） break down 中途坏掉、分解、（精神）垮掉4. intention n. 意图、打算、目的 (P 42) I have no intention of changing my mind.我没想改变主意。 with the intention of 为了，以为目的或意图 without intention无意地； intend to do sth.打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth.打算某人做某事 be intended for 专为某人准备5. adopt vt. 收养，领养；采用，采纳Can you adopt my idea? 你能采用我的主意么？ They adopted a baby boy. 他们收养了一个小男孩儿。 an adopted son 养子 adopted words 外来词6. push ahead with sth. 推进、推行、毅然继续做某事 (P 42)Its hard to push ahead/forward/on with such an unpopular policy. 这样一个不得人心的政策很难推行下去。 push sth. forward 提出某事，迫使他人考虑或注意某事 push ahead/forward/on with sth. 推进、推行、毅然继续做某事8. deliver vt. 接生、使分娩；把.递给某人；发表（演讲）Her baby was delivered by an experienced doctor. 一位有经验的医生接生了她的宝宝。The morning mail has been just delivered. 早上的邮件刚刚被投递出去。 deliver to sb. 把.递给某人 deliver a speech 发表（演讲）9. benefit vt. / vi./ n benefit sb./sth 对某人/某物有益 benefit from 从.中获益 be beneficial to / be of much benef