CharacteristicsoftheChameleonandtheGreenAnoleLizard.docx

托福模拟测试2014年2月24日 阅 读 第1篇Paragraph 1: 1. The author mentions the animals sold as chameleons in pet shops in order to_ A. show that children cant distinguish between chameleons and green anole lizards .B. point out the common misconceptions about chameleons.C. indicate that not many know the difference between the two similar species.D. contrast the most popular pet in America with green anole lizards. 2. According to paragraph1, which of the following is NOT mentioned as similarities shared by chameleons and green anole lizards?A. Their primary subsistence is insects.B. They like to reside in trees.C. They have the ability to change colors.D. They show fear by changing colors. 3. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. The popularity of these lizards as pets can be accounted for by this last characteristic.Where would the sentence best fit?Paragraph 2: 4. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about chameleons?A. Most of them grow to be about 60 cm.B. Their appearance can greatly vary.C. They need to be at least 10 cm long.D. They are the most physically diverse species. Paragraph 3: 5. According to the passage, which of the following might dictate a green anoles color? A. Its size.B. The color of its parents.C. Its preference in diet.D. Its condition. 6. All of the following are accurate descriptions of green anoles in paragraph 3 EXCEPT that _A. they vary less in size than chameleons.B. they shed occasionally.C. their colors can be brown.D. Their eyes are typically green. Paragraph 4: 7. The word concentrated in the passage is closest in meaning to _?A. occupied.B. migrated.C. located.D. clustered. Paragraph 5: 8. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence?The parents leave the eggs long before the eggs ever hatch, and thus, the independence exhibited by newborn chameleons is a matter of survival.Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.A. The parents leave their newborns in order to make them independent which is crucial to their survival.B. Newborn chameleons need to be self-reliant from the get-go because their parents are gone before they are born.C. Baby chameleons are abandoned by their parents and only those with strong survival instincts will be able to survive.D. Chameleons learn to be independent just to survive because their parents leave long before the eggs hatch. Paragraph 6: 9. The word exaggeration in the passage is closest in meaning to_?A. overstatement.B. propaganda.C. generalization.D. conventionality. 10. According to paragraph 6, which of the following is an accurate description of chameleons?A. They mainly eat invertebrates and occasionally pollen.B. They try their best to avoid eating flies.C. They enjoy a diet consisting of insects.D. They can even eat small birds when they are really hungry.Paragraph 7: 11. The word they in the passage refers to_A. hormones.B. green anoles.C. chameleons.D. behaviors. 12. According to paragraph 7, green anoles are valuable for researchers because_A. their manners do not necessarily change in the laboratory.B. they exhibit the same behavior everywhere.C. they tend to be less unpredictable in the laboratory.D. they thrive in proper laboratory conditions. 13. Directions: Four of the answer choices below are used in the passage to describe the characteristics of chameleons and three are used to describe the characteristics of green anoles. Complete the table by matching appropriate answer choices to the characteristics of each lizard. ChameleonsGreen Anoleslllll ll Answer ChoicesA. They do not have ears.B. They have a white underbelly.C. Males have more distinct features.D. They exclusively reside in South America.E. Their sizes vary significantly .F. Their origin can be traced back to Africa.G. They can change color to match their surroundingsH. They can be found in Hawaii.I. They produce one egg at a time.Characteristics of the Chameleon and the Green Anole LizardChameleons have been popular pets for American children for many years, but the animals sold as chameleons in pet shops across America are not usually true chameleons, but rather, green anole lizards. Although the two animals are distribute species, they share many similarities. First, both are Lizards whose principal diet consists of insects. Second, both lizards tend to live in trees and bushes. A Third, chameleons and green anoles have the ability to change color which seems like magic to many people. B Contrary to popular belief, however, the green anole does not change color to match its surroundings. C The green anole only changes color in response to factors such as light and temperature or the emotions such as fear. D Only the chameleon possesses the ability to change color to match its surroundings.Paragraph 2: Chameleons are a physically diverse species, and can range in size from about 10 cm up to 60 cm. Chameleons often appear to have highly decorative facial and cranial features, such as growths extending from the nose and the top of the head. Oftentimes, the males and females of chameleon species have distinct physical charac-teristics, with the males usually exhibiting much more striking physical characteristics than the females. The primary physical traits that all chameleon species share in common are their eyes, tongue, foot structure, and absence of ears.Paragraph 3: Green anoles are generally smaller than chameleons, with males reaching a length of 22 cm and females topping out at about 16 cm. A distinguishing feature of the male green anole is the dewlap, a rosy pink or pale vermillion flap of skin attached to the neck that the male extends in courtship or territorial displays. The green anole will often bob its head or perform push-ups in conjunction with the dewlap display. Green anoles can be green, yellow, gray, or brown in color, with a white underbelly. The variability in color can be attributed to temperature changes, environment, time of day, and mood. Female green anoles have a white stripe running along their spines, white males are solidly colored across the back. The green anole will shed its skin from time to time. Its eyes are accented with a brightly colored green or brown ring, the color of the ring depending upon the color of the anole.Paragraph 4: The chameleon is found in the Old World, primarily in Africa, Madagascar, and other tropical areas, although some species may also be found in southern Europe, Sri Lanka, India, and Asia Minor. In contrast, the green anole is a New World animal, found in the warmer climes of North and South America. The green anole is native to North America, with populations concentrated in the southeastern parts of the country comprising the coastal plain of North Carolina, south Florida, and central Texas. Green anoles may also be found in Hawaii. Paragraph 5: Most chameleons reproduce by laying eggs, and a clutch may include anywhere from two to forty eggs at a time. The eggs lie buried for up to 9 months before the newly hatched chameleons emerge and begin life on their own. The parents leave the eggs long before the eggs ever hatch, and thus, the independence exhibited by newborn chameleons is a matter of survival. The green anole is also an egg layer, but the females only produce one egg at a time. Mating season usually takes place in the spring, with females laying eggs in June and July. Female anoles will lay the eggs in plant detritus, such as fallen leaves or decaying trees, or in garbage. Paragraph 6: The stereotypical image of chameleons eating flies is an exaggeration at best. Adult chameleons rarely eat flies, the preferred diet bei