书面表达专题.doc

英语专题复习（七）- 书面表达英语写作是初中学生学习的一个盲点。由于平时缺乏对学生进行专门的写作训练，作文讲评大多数只谈框架和现象，忽略了对于细节的描写和具体景物描述的培养，因此学生对于写作技巧的把握有待于提高。有的学生甚至误认为只要句子结构正确，无单词拼写错误就应该得满分。同学们应该走出对英语写作认识上的误区。那么怎样才能写出一篇优秀作文，在中考中获取高分呢？ 一、写作诀窍 总体把握，要点齐全；人称时态，逻辑清楚； 关键词汇，动词第一；组词成句，结构完整； 组句成文，连词增色；此路不通，绕道迂回； 字迹工整，留好印象；从句适量，高分有望。 二、写作步骤 1. 认真审题。审题包括要点、格式、词数以及此篇文章要传递给读者什么样的信息，告诫读者什么(即写作目的)。如果是看图写文，看懂每幅图之间的联系至关重要。2. 确定文体和时态。确定文体后，根据不同文体的特点和要求进行组织材料；同时确定出该篇文章的总时态与时态的变化。 3. 写出要点，根据每幅图写出一至两句话。但不随意发挥。 4. 连句成文。每句话写好后，用适当的连词连接起来，使之上下连贯，呼应，通顺，简洁。5. 查错漏。完成后，检查一下有没有时态，语态，拼写错误并逐一加以改正。6. 先草稿，后抄写。保持卷面整洁。 三、从遣词，造句，谋篇三个方面分析 1遣词的原则：尽量使用高等词汇及短语，如果仅仅记住几个简单基础的词汇，而且一味的重复低水平的英语知识点，远远达不到要求。同时，也会给阅卷老师造成视觉疲劳，所以一定要“新颖”来抓住老师的眼球，只有这样，你的作文才能得到高分。这就要求同学们在平时的训练中，有意识的强化“复杂，高级”这两个概念，使自己的作文能区别于普通的作文，使自己一下子就站在一个比较高的位置上，充分显示自己的实力。平时学习过程中就要注意总结各种各样的词汇，储备起来以备用。 2造句的原则：句式多变，语法活用，句子是表达一个完整意思的最小单位，所以造句能力在英文写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动，形象，准确的表达内容。所以要想写出漂亮的文章，必须从写好句子开始。学业水平考试的作文中最好能有一个较好的复合句，例如”so that” “I think” “By the time”。 3谋篇的原则：优秀的作文都有个共性就是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。文章的连贯性和紧凑感是很重要的。句子作为最小的表达意思的语言单位，如果只是被随意的整合，是无法达到有效表达的目的。可选用较好的连接词。 同学们如果能把握住以上三个策略，相信会写出很精彩的文章。同时，还建议同学们多读，多背一些漂亮的句子及范文，使之成为自己知识库中的一部分，以后在自己的作文中就可以出现这些句子，相信它会成为你文章中的一个亮点。英语的学习并不难，难的是你能不能去用心学，所以，我相信同学们真的入了门，会对英语越发地感兴趣！四、看图说话范例及参考范文精品习作1. ： 下面六幅图描述了十月九日星期三早晨你所经历的一件事。请根据这些图画，用英语写一篇日记。注意： 1. 日记须包括所有图画的内容，可以适当增加细节使其连贯。 2. 日记格式已写出。 3. 词数： 100 左右。Oct. 9th，Wednesday, fine /sunny Today our classes were over very early. I went home with Xiaoming. When we walked past the gate of the park , we saw a boy lying on the road beside a bike. As soon as we saw him, we rushed to help him. Through our talking, we knew that he fell off his bike and he said his leg hurt badly. So we sent him to hospital quickly.While the doctor was looking him over, we called his parents and told them what happened to their son. After a while, his parents arrived at the hospital and said thanks to us for our good deed.The boy was safe in the end. Both his parents and we were very happy!精品习作 2： 根据下列图画编一个发生的事情，字数在100词左右：1、某天两个人走在路上；2、其他情节根据图画所示自编；要有4幅图画的内容，人名必须用Xiao lan and Xiao Ming，其他细节如时间、地点等可以自己酌情增加，但文章前后应一致，符合逻辑，内容连贯，语言通顺。 参考范文： One day, Xiao Lan and Xiao Ming went back home together. They laughed and talked after a whole day in the school. Suddenly, Xiao Ming saw a bird in a tree. Xiao Ming picked up a stone and threw it at the bird before Xiao Lan could stop him. The bird was badly hurt and fell off the tree. Xiao Lan flet so sorry that she cried and said, I wont be your good friend any more if you hurt a bird again. Just then an old man came over to them and told Xiao Ming not to kill birds again. The old man then went on saying,As young Pioneers, you should protect animals and the enviroment. Birds are friends of human beings.Xiao Ming felt ashamed(羞愧的) and nodded （点头）his head. He said that he would never forget what the old man had told him.精品习作 3： 根据下列六幅图画，用英语写一篇日记，描述小明 5 月 20 日（星期日）一天的活动情况。注意：1.日记须包括所有图画内容，可适当增加细节使内容连贯；2.词数100。 May 20 th Sunday Fine It was such a sunny day that I decided to go fishing. I went out early and sat on the bank of the river. I hoped that I would have a good harvest. A long time passed. Although I waited patiently, there was no luck. When the sun was going to set, I caught nothing, which made me very disappointed. I walked home sadly with the fishing pole and the empty basket. I was sure that my mother would laugh at me. When I passed a fish market, I suddenly had an idea. I bought two big fresh fish and brought them home. My mother would certainly be happy when she saw the fish and she would encourage me to continue fishing. How smart I am!精品习作 4： 仔细看图画，用英文写出该图所要表达的故事。内容要根据图画所示情节，不可随意编造。写出的故事不得少于 100 个单词。结尾已给出。 It happened on a Friday morning. Zhao Gang was on his way to school. He passed by a house and noticed heavy smoke coming out of a half opened window. He was frightened （吓坏了）and thought the house must be on fire（着火了）. So he decided to stop fire from burning. He ran away hurriedly to fetch some water, even without taking off his school bag. He quickly ran back with a pail (桶) of water in hand, splashed the water（泼水） through the window into the house. To his surprise, an old man, with a pipe（烟斗）in hand, stuck his head out of the window. He was wet through with water dropping from his clothes. He scolded （责怪）Zhao Gang, “ Why did you splash water into my house? I was smoking. Ill tell this to your teacher. ” Hearing what the old man said, Zhao Gang was confused(困惑). Smoking didnt burn your house, Zhao Gang thought, but it was destroying your health. 精品习作 5： 一天，我和爸爸去湖边散步，遇到了下图所发生的故事。请根据下面六幅图画，用英语写一篇 90 120 词左右的短文。 One day Daddy and I were going for a walk around the lake when a girl rode past us quickly. Suddenly we heard a cry for help. The girl had fallen into the lake with her bike. Daddy and I ran quickly towards her. We managed（设法）to pull her out of the water. Then the girl asked us if we could help get the bike out of the water. Daddy was very glad to help her. When we pulled her bike out, she rode away even without saying “ Thanks ” to us. I felt quite disappointed (失望的)at her deed（行为）. How impolite（不礼貌的） she was!精品习作 6： 为配合“世界无烟日”的宣传活动， English Weekly 开展征文活动。下列图片描述了一天晚上 Jack 家因吸烟所发生的事，请据此写一篇英语短文投稿，词数 100 左右。 （短文的标题和开头已给出）“ I will give up smoking from now on ”Jack was a heavy smoker. His mother didnt like him smoking, but he couldnt give it up. At about 9 oclock one evening, Jack was seen smoking in the living-room again. “ Dont smoke in the living-room, Jack! ” said his mother in an unhappy voice. Hearing this（听到这些话）, Jack went back to his own room and shut （关）the door. While he was sitting in bed, he couldnt help smoking again. About an hour later, Jacks mother smelt heavy smoke. She got up and opened Jacks bedroom. Good heavens（天哪）! Jacks quilt（被子） was burning（烧着了） while he was asleep! She quickly got some water and put out the fire. Jack was taught a good lesson（受到了教训）. “ Ill give up smoking from now on, Mum. ” Jack said in a low but determined(坚决的) voice. 精品习作 7： 下面六幅画描述的是怀特（White）先生上个月某一天去火车站所经历的事情。请用英语，根据图画所展示的内容写一篇 100 字左右的短文。 One day last month, Mr White