虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用.doc

学习三宝：活页夹 双色笔 纠错本印刷数量：一部：1400份， 二部：1650份。 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用 编制：李博 2011-11-15学习目标：了解虚拟语气的定义和在条件状语从句的应用。学习难点：1、if 的省略； 2、含蓄虚拟条件句；3、错综条件句预习要求：结合非常学案语法部分，自主完成第一、二、三、四部分，初步掌握虚拟语气的构成和基本用法。一、虚拟语气的定义。虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用是指从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。二、翻译例句，体会规律。【例句组一】1. If I were you, I would accept the invitation to the party._.2. If I knew her well, I would tell you about her._.规律总结： 本组例句是对_的虚拟。此时，从句中的谓语动词用_时态（be用_形式），主句中的谓语动词用_形式。【例句组二】1. If you had been there last night, nothing would have happened._.2. If I had got up earlier, I would have caught the first bus._.规律总结： 本组例句是对_的虚拟。此时，从句中的谓语动词用_时态，主句中的谓语动词用_形式。【例句组三】1. If it were Saturday tomorrow, we wouldnt have an exam._.2. If you were to visit the school tomorrow, you would see Professor Smith._.3. If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off until next Friday._.规律总结： 本组例句是对_的虚拟。此时，从句中的谓语动词可以用_时态， _形式或_形式，主句中的谓语动词用_形式。三、总结归纳。时间从句谓语形式主句谓语形式过去现在将来四、阶段演练1。【特别提示】在虚拟条件句中，谓语动词按照“后退一步法”使用，即：与现在事实相反，从句中用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，从句中用过去完成时；与将来事实相反，从句中用过去将来时。【题组一】用所给动词的适当形式填空1. If the factory _ (belong) to me, I _ (not sell) it. But it isnt yours. 2. If you _ (keep) the secret, nobody _ (know) it. Im sorry for making such a mistake. 3. If the weather were to be (be) fine tomorrow, I _ (go) for an outing with my parents. 4. If I _ (be) you, I would think about this problem once again. 5. If I _ (have) time last night, I _ (go) to see this wonderful film. 【题组二】完成句子根据中文提示完成下列各句。1. 如果你年轻五岁，你该怎么办？What _ you _, if you _ five years younger? 2. 如果你开车更小心一点，就不会出这样的事故。If you _ your car more carefully, such a traffic accident _. 3. 如果明天下雾，我就不能开车去购物。If it _ foggy tomorrow, I _ my car to go shopping. 4. 如果明天天气转晴，我们就去野餐。If it _ clear up tomorrow, we _ for a picnic. 5. 如果我是一个男孩，我当然会去参军。If I _ a boy, I _ certainly join the army. 6. 如果你是我兄弟，你也会一样对我。If you _ my brother, you _ treat me in the same way. 7. 如果我有你这样的姐姐会非常幸福的。I _ _ very happy, if I _ an elder sister like you. 8. 如果我捡到了那只钱包，一定交给失主了。If I _ up the wallet, I _ it to its owner. 9. 万一明天下大雪，一切都将被改变。If it _ snow heavily tomorrow, everything _ be changed. 10. 如果你那天没有抽烟，火灾就不会发生。If you _ that day, the fire _ out. 五、if的省略。把下列从句改写为if引导的虚拟条件句。1. Should I meet her, I would tell her._.2. Were I in your position, I would do it better._.3. Had they made preparations, they would have succeeded._.规律总结： 当if引导的虚拟条件句中含有_, _和_三个词的时候，if可以省略，并把这三个词前提到句首。六、阶段演练2。改写下列句子。 1. If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going._. 2. If I had worn my overcoat, I couldnt have caught a cold._.3. If I were in your position, I would not accept the invitation._.4. If it should rain this evening, I would not go to see this American film._.七、含蓄虚拟条件句：有时一个假设的情况并不用条件从句表示，而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。把下列从句改写为if引导的虚拟条件句，并熟悉掌握表含蓄虚拟的词汇_,_,_。1. We would not have succeeded but for your help. _.2. Without the sun, nothing would grow. _.3. You didnt come yesterday, or you would have seen him._.4. I was very busy last week; otherwise I would have come to see you._.七、错综时间条件句。分析对比以下两个句子。1. If I had taken my umbrella with me when I came out yesterday, I should not have been wet.2. If I had taken my umbrella with me when I came out this morning, I should not be wet now.规律总结： 在第1个句子中，从句是对_的虚拟，用了_时态；主句是说明_的结果，所以用了_形式。 在第2个句子中，从句是对_的虚拟，用了_时态；主句是说明_的结果，所以用了_形式。特别提示：有时在虚拟条件句中，主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句中谓语动词所表示的动作并不同时发生，这时主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。如：【达标自测】1. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother.A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come2. If it _ to snow next week, I would not go to visit that mountain village.A. is B. be C. were D. are3._ her in time, she would have jumped into the river. A. If I stopped B. Did I stop C. If I didnt stop D. If I hadnt stopped 4. What would have happened _ as far as the river bank?A. Bob had walked B. if Bob should walk C. had Bob walked D. if Bob walked 5. _ asked to do this, I would certainly do it in a different way.A. Were I B. Am I C. If I am D. Was I6. If I _ ten years younger, I _ out to try my luck.A. am, would go B. was, will go C. were, would go D. were, would have gone7. Jane would have gone to Washington _ to get a plane ticket.A. was she able B. if she had been able C. would she be able D. if she is able8. If I _ out to work last year, I _ much more money now.A. had gone, would make B. had gone, would have madeC. went, would make D. went, would have made9. I supported him in time, otherwise he _off the bike.A. might fall B. would fall C. should have fallen D. would have fallen10. If I had worked harder at school, I _ in a comfortable office now.A. would sit B. would have sat C. would be sitting D. were sitting单面印刷：一部：1400份， 二部：1650份。