Therebe句型及配套练习.doc

There be句型1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2. 结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语. (2) There are +复数名词+地点状语. 其中，there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。eg. There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。 There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。 同时，be为谓语动词,后面跟的是名词,也就是主语,也就是说there be结构的运用也就是倒桩的具体运用。其真正的主语在there be 之后。在新课标中对此的考试要求是：掌握There be句式的结构特征和基本用法。在我们的课本中也出现了大量的There be句式如： There are a few simple safe measures to follow while training.(Book3,P51) There are also records of gymnastics being performed in China and some other Asian countries.(Book3, P50) In China, there is only 7% of the land used for growing crops, which feeds more than one fourth of the world population.(Book3, P20) If the population keeps growing so quickly, there will be only standing room left for us next century.(Book2A, P49) There were lots of good English language programs broadcast on TV or on the radio in China.(Book1A, P46) There be结构是如此重要，我们高中生必须对此从以下方面进行了解。 一、 注意事项： 1 there be 结构中的be 是可以运用各种时态的。 There is going to be a meeting tonight.今晚有个会议。 There was a knock at the door.有人敲门。 There has been a girl waiting for you.有个女孩一直在等你。 There will be rain soon.不久天就要下雨了。 2动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。并且要根据就近一致原则来变换be 的单复数形式。 如： There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。 How many people are there in the city?这个城市里有多少人口。 There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。 There are two books and a pen on the desk. 课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。 There are some students and a teacher in the classroom. 在教室里有一些学生和一位老师。 There is a teacher and some students in the classroom. 在教室里有一位老师和一些学生。 3 在there be引起的句子结构中，用来修饰主语的不定式主动形式和被动形式均可。 There is no time to lose (= to be lost).时间紧迫。 There is nothing to see (=to be seen).看不见有什么。 There is nothing to do.(=to be done) 无事可做。 二、 结构变形：在there be 结构中还可把be 改变从而使得there be结构有了一些改变具体总结如下： 1 There used/seem/ happen/appear to be 如： There might be snow at night.晚上可能有雪。 There appeared to be nobody willing to help.看来没人愿意帮忙。 There used to be a building here.过去这儿有一座楼房。 There happened to be a man walking by.碰巧有个人在此经过。 There doesnt seem to be much hope.好象没有太大的希望。 2 在there be的 be 前还可以加上各种情态词，如： There must be something wrong.一定有问题。 There ought not to be so many people.不应该有这么多的人。 There might still be hope .可能还有点希望。 3 在there be句型中的be还可以换成其他的动词与there连用，这些词都是表示状态的如：live stand exist remain等或用来描写某事的发生或某人的到达如come, appear, enter, follow, occur等。 There lived a rich man.这以前住着一个富翁。 Then there came a knock at the door.然后有人敲门。 Long, long ago, there lived a king.很久很久以前，有一个国王。 There followed a terrible noise.然后是传来了可怕的声音。 Suddenly there entered a strange man.突然进来了一个奇怪的人。 三、 特殊的表达方式： There is no sense in doing 做某事是没有用的，没有意义的 There is no sense in making him angry.跟他生气是没有用的。 There is no sense in going alone. 一个人去是没有好处的。 2 There is no use /good doing 做某事是没有用的，没有必要的 There is no use trying to explain it.解释是没有必要的。 There is no good/use going there. 去那儿是没有好处的。 3 There is no need to do 没有必要做某事 There is no need to worry. 没有必要担心。 There is no need to give him so much money. 根本没有必要给他那么多的钱。 4 There is thought/said/reported to be 人们认为有/据说有/据报道有 There is thought to be an army between in these two countries。 人们认为在这两国之间有一场战争。 There is reported to be a better way to cure cancer. 据报道，找到了一种更好的治疗癌症的方法。 5 There is no doing（口语）不可能. There is no telling when he will be back.无法知道他什么时候回来。 There is no knowing what he is doing. 无法知道他在做什么。There be句型归纳与练习 There be 句型四、 There be句型与have的区别：(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。 eg. He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。 There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。五、 句型转换1、变否定句 There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如： There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree. 2、变一般疑问句 There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可，此为调整法。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。看看下面两句是如何改头换面的吧： There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water? 3、变特殊疑问句 There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用Whos+介词短语?；当主语是物时，用Whats + 介词短语?。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：提问地点当然用Where is / are+主语?啦！例如： There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？ How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？There be 句型专练一.根据所给汉语完成句子。1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There _ a book and two pens on the desk. 2. 钱包里有些钱。There _ some money in the picture. 3. 在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。_ _ some cards in Jims bag.4. 里面还有其他的东西吗？_ _ anything else in it?5. 我们学校有许多班。There _ many _ in our school.6. 树上没有鸟。There _ _ birds in the tree.二.选择填空：1. Are there any maps on the wall? _ A. There are some. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there is one. D. No, there are. 2. How many _ are there in the picture? A. woman B. women C. buy D. milk3. There arent _ trees near the house. There is only one. A. any B. some C. many D. much4. There _ two bowls of rice on the table. A. is B. have C. has D. are5. Are there _ houses near the river? Yes, there are . A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any三.句型转换：1. There is a woman near the house.（变复数）2. There are some buses