雅思作文地图题词汇.docx

雅思作文地图题词汇by 刘利强描写方位的词汇E.g be in close to .;be in near to.;be in proximity of.;On the left of.;in the left-hand corner of.;be halfway between.and .; exactly in the middle of.;be at the bottom of.小结：in 表A在B内，at表A在B外，on表A和B连接，to 表A和B分开。描写地理方位的句型。雅词词汇A is situated/located/built in.A is /lies/is located/is situated in/on/to the north of BA is in the eastern part of BA lies 120km to the northwest of BA is on the opposite side of B/A is opposite B.At the southern end of the riverThe area adjacent to/near/next to/just off the road描写地理变化的常用词汇原有事物the original /previous/former.(garden,forest,river,ect)原有事物消失 the .completely disappeared/were removed.原有事物被改变为A is transformed /reconstructed/redeveloped/converted/changed/turn over to/into B增加了新事物The year 2000 saw two additions to the land :a pond in the northern part and a vegetable garden on the opposite side.事物增长了几倍The number of . has doubled/tripled/quadrupled to .事物大小变化The size of the .has been enlarged /extended/halved/reduced by half描写变化常用的句型如：现在停车场改成了一个剧院.The car park has been removed and replaced by a theatre.总结：描写变化的基本原则是地图每个细节都要提到，不要忽视细节。要注意描写变化的书写顺序，一般分为时间顺序和空间顺序。To注意文章的时态，如果地图题反映的是一个地方过去的一段时间的变化，则文章用一般过去时。如果地图题反映的是一个地方将来一段时间的变化趋势，则文章用一般将来时或表“估计”的词汇。如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化，可用现在完成时。二、How to describe maps.地图题只考查两个类型，一个是选址类考题，要根据地理位置的描述来择优选择建设方案。这类题写法上往往先介绍图片上事物所处的位置，接着说明影响方案选择的因素，如涉及空间、交通和环境，最后确定哪个方案最好。另一类地图题是某个区域内，某个事物不同年代的变化情况。be far from 距离某处很远be near 距离某处很近be next to 紧邻be in the vicinity of 邻近be adjacent to 邻近be located behind/in front of 坐落在的前面/后面be on ones left/right 在某人的左边/右边turn left/right 左转/右转go along 沿着一直走go up/down 向上/向下go straight across the yard 径直穿过院子go back/back up 向回走go east/west/south/north 向东/西/南/北be the first from the left 从左数第一个be on the corner of A street and B street 在A和B街角处ground floor 一层wing/annex 翼楼/配楼intersection/crossroad 十字路口T-junction 丁字路口pavement/sidewalk 人行道zebra crossing/pedestrian crossing 斑马线空间表达时需要注意区分：在空间状语里，in 表 内部，on 表接壤，to 表分开。 常用的空间词： lies 靠近 is located 坐落 is situated in 位于 across 交叉 parallel 平行 intersect 交点 near/next to/close to/adjacent to 靠近 on the side of the 面 on both sides of 两边 just off 靠近 on the opposite side 在另一边 on the border 在边缘上 center/middle/central area 中间 例句：It lies 450 kilometers from the nearest city, which is on the north side of the KK mountain. Part 3：表顺序 表顺序的使用在流程图中是典型， 表顺序的关联词能够使描述的流程更加清晰， 结构条理明显。就如我们常用的产品安装说明一样，标明了 1、2、3、4 步，简洁明了。常见的表顺序 的连词如下： 开始：first of all, initially, to begin with, in the first place, first, the first stage involves , during, in the first place 其 次 ： second, then, next, also, in the second stage, following this/that, afterwards the first (reason) is 然后：after that, at the same time, in the meantime, meanwhile, prior to, until, in the third stage, in addition, at the same time, from that moment on, once when 最终：finally, lastly, in the final stage, in the end 例句：First the fruit is picked from trees by hand. It is then transported to the cannery by large trucks. Part 4：表动作 动词部分应当是流程和地图题的重点， 这里要做一个明确的区分： 流程图的动作以流程步骤 中的操作动作为主，而地图题中的动作以地理位置变迁的变化动词为主。词汇 分成两大部分： A. 流程动词： 细节动作： lay, put 放 strike 打 compress 压缩 release 释放 move, flow 流动 press 按压 adjust 调整 rotate 旋转 chop 砍 grind 磨碎 light 点燃 burn 燃烧 ignite 点燃 reflect 反光 turn up 调高 turn down 调低 wind 缠绕 unwind 解开 revolve 旋转 unfold 打开 reverse 颠倒，倒转 heat up 加热 expand 膨胀 bend 弯曲 spin 旋转 absorb 吸收 evaporate 蒸发 volatilize 挥发 draw 提取 poured into 倒入 变化： accumulate 积累 gather/collect 收集 obtain 获得 turn off 关闭 cool down 冷却 disconnect 断开连接 renovate 革新，更新，修复 process 加工 fade 褪色 increase 增长 promote 促进；升职 reduce 减少 renew 使更新，使恢复 convey 运送 replace 取代 shrink 收缩 melt 溶解 heal 治愈 recycle 回收 组成： be made up of 由.组成 be made of 由.制成 separate 分开 B. 地图变化词 be made from 由.制成 feed on 以.为食 depend on/rely on 依赖 sort 分类 变大： enlarged extended doubled, tripled increased soar by half risen 变小： dropped reduced decreased grown fallen halved 消失：disappeared removed no more here 建成： becomes transformed reconstructed redeveloped converted into added to the library changed into turned over to replaced /substituted gives way to newly-built built establish set up constructed c