折弯机的结构设计课程毕业设计外文文献翻译/机械设备外文翻译/中英文翻译

中国地质大学长城学院  本科毕业设计外文资料翻译  系     别：       工程技术系         专     业： 机械设计制造及其自动化   姓     名：        牛建辉            学     号：       05211613         2015年  4 月  27 日   1 Bending machine structure designing With bending machine control system development, its function more and morecomplete, operating more and more convenient. Although with numerical control system for the control system of bending machine production efficiency, and will be high quality also is very good, but these for copper platoon and LvPai bend it, the consumption of cost is higher, solid we take the common design structure, using hydraulic control system. Such not only can satisfy the production conditions also can save money.  The knee bend machine-packed includes the support, the work table and the clamp board, the work table puts on the support, the work table by the foundation and the clamp constitution, the foundation is connected through the hinge and the clamp board, the foundation by the place shell, the coil and the lap is composed, the coil puts in the place shell hollowly, the hollow crown duplicate has the lap. When use by wire to coil circular telegram, after the circular telegram, has the attraction to the clamp, thus realizes to between the clamp and the foundation the thin steel plate clamp. Because has used the electromagnetic force clamp, causes the clamp to be possible to make many kinds of work piece requests, moreover may to have the sidewall work piece to carry on the processing, in the operation is also very simple.   Anticipated customer before payment, should better flexure variable which, components aspects and so on bevelling radius from machine's final use, the known machine possibly occurs consider carefully first buys anything.   workpiece  The first one is worth considering important item is your production parts, the main point is buying a can finish machining task and workbench shortest, the minimum number of machines.  Consider carefully material and the largest machining grades thickness and length. If a majority of work is thickness gauge, maximum length 16 10 inches of low carbon steel, so free bending force not greater than 50 tons. However, if engaged in a lot of bottom of dies.the forming, may be considered a 150 tonnage of machine tools.  Ok, assuming the thickest material is 1/4 inch, 10 feet free bending need 165 tons, bottom dies.the bending (adjusted bending) will need at least 600 tons. If a majority of workpiece is 5 feet or shorter, number almost halve, which will greatly reduce the acquisition cost. Parts to determine the length of new machines specification is quite important.  Flinch change  In the same load, 10 feet machine table and the slider appear nao variable is 5 feet machine 4 times. This means that shorter machines need less gaskets adjustment, can produce qualified parts. Reduce gaskets adjusting preparation time shortened again.  Materials brand is also a key factor. Compared with low carbon steel, stainless steel need load usually adds about 50 percent, while most of the brand of soft aluminum reduce 50%. You can always from bending machine manufacturers get machine tons, this table shows in decimal  2 different thickness and different materials under each foot length required number estimation.  Parts of the bending radius  Using free warped, bending radius is concave die from the mouth 0.156 times. In a free bending process, dies.the openings from should be metal material thickness of eight times. For example, using 1/2 inch opening from forming 16 gauge, low-carbon steel parts bending radius about 0.078 inches. If the bending radius nearly small to material thickness shall be bottom of dies.the forming. However, a bottom concave die forming equal pressure than free bending big 4 times the left and right sides.  If less than bending radius material thickness, should be used in front-end fillet radius of less than material thickness of the punch, and turn to embossing bending method. So, need 10 times in liberty bending stress.  Free bends, convex molding and according to 85 dies.the or less than 85 processing (smaller as well). Using this group of mould, notice the punch and concave die in stroke at the bottom of the gap, and cover springback and make the materials about 90 to keep excessive flex.  Usually, free bending die in new bending machine produces the springback Angle acuities 2 , bending radius equal distance of dies.the openings 0.156 times.  For a bottom dies.the bend, mould Angle general for 86 90 . In the end, the concavo-convex trip mode between due a slightly higher than the material thickness clearance. Forming Angle to improve, because the number of dies.the bottom bend large (about four times for freedom bending), reduce the bending radius range usually cause rebound of stress.  Stamped with a bottom bend dies.the same, just to bend the punch the front-end processing became need bending radius, and stroke bottom clearances between less than material thickness. Due to exert enough pressure (about ten times) free bending force of the punch front-end contact materials, basically avoided rebound.  In order to select the lowest number specifications, preferably for greater than material thickness of bending radius to plan, and as far as possible using free bending method. Bending radius is bigger, often do not affect the quality of into pieces and its future use.  precision  Bending accuracy requirement is a requires careful consideration; it is this factors, decision you need to consider a CNC bending machine or manual control bending machine. If bending accuracy + 1 and cannot be changed, you must focus on CNC machine.  CNC bending machine slider repeat precision is + 0.0004 inches, forming the precise angular must adopt such accuracy and good mold. Manual control bending machine slider repeat precision for + 0.002 inches long, and in adopting appropriate mold conditions will typically produce + 2 3 deviation. In addition, CNC bending machine for quick pack mould ready, when you require bending many small batch spare parts, it is one of the unquestionable consider reason.   3 mould  Even though you have full shelf, do not assume that these mould moulds suitable for bought a new machine. Must be checked every one mold to wear, the method is to measure the punch front-end to Taiwan shoulder length and dies.the Taiwan shoulder length between.  For general mold, each feet deviation should be in hospital 0.001 inches, and total length deviation is not more than + 0.005 inches. As for jingmo mould, each feet accuracy should be + 0.0004 inches, must not be more than the total precision CNC 0.002 inches. The best jingmo mould in CNC bending machine, the conventional mould used to manually bending machine.  Bending parts of side  Hypothesis along one 5 x 10 feet of 10-90 gauge low-carbon steel plate bend, bending machine probably must exert extra pressure plate 7.5 tons top up, and the operator must for 280 pounds of straight edge whereabouts prepared. Make the parts may need several strong workers even a crane. Bending machine operator often require bending the long side parts, but realize their work how difficult.  Now there is a torsten feeder suitable for engaged in this kind of work workshop, the device can be according to new and old machine needs to improve. Use this device, forming long side parts just one operator.  For bending machines provide CNC system, hydraulic systems, and grating ruler, servo motor etc fittings of many foreign companies are actively competing for the Chinese market, for the rapidly improve the level of our country bending machine provides favorable conditions. Some foreign bending machine company is also China seek technical cooperation, joint venture for production, also provides us with the opportunity. Therefore, facing the challenge and opportunity, difficulties and favorable conditions coexist situation, we must seize the opportunities and meet the challenges, rapidly improve play and develop our own bending machine technology level.  4 折弯机的结构设计  随着折弯机控制系统的发展，它的功能越来越齐全，操作越来越方便。虽然以数控系统为控制系统的折弯机生产效率会很高，而且质量也非常好，但这些对于铜排和铝排的弯曲来说，消耗的成本较高，固我们采取常用的设计结构，使用液压控制系统 。这样不但能满足生产条件还能节省资金。  折弯机包括支架、工作台和夹紧板，工作台置于支架上，工作台由底座和压板构成，底座通过铰链与夹紧板相连，底座由座壳、线圈和盖板组成，线圈置于座壳的凹陷内，凹陷顶部覆有盖板。使用时由导线对线圈通电，通电后对压板产生引力，从而实现对压板和底座之间薄板的夹持。由于采用了电磁力夹持，使得压板可以做成多种工件要求，而且可对有侧壁的工件进行加工，操作上也十分简便。  预期的买主在付款之前，最好先从机器的最终用途、已知机器可能发生的挠变量、零件的弯曲半径等方面仔细考虑买什么。  工 件  第一个值得考虑的重要事项是您要生产的零件，要点是购买一台能够完成加工任务而工作台最短、吨数最小的机器。  仔细考虑材料牌号以及最大加工厚度和长度。如果大部分工作是厚度 16 gauge、最大长度 10 英尺的低碳钢，那么自由弯曲力不必大于 50 吨。不过，若是从事大量的有底凹模成形 ,也许应该考虑一台 150 吨位的机床。  好了，假定最厚的材料是 1/4 英寸， 10 英尺自由弯曲需要 165 吨，而有底凹模弯曲（校正弯曲）至少需要 600 吨。如果大部分工件是 5 英尺或更短一些，吨数差不多减半，从而大大降低购置成本。零件长度 对确定新机器的规格是相当重要的。  挠变  在相同的载荷下， 10 英尺机工作台和滑块出现的挠变是 5 英尺机的 4 倍。这就是说，较短的机器需要较少的垫片调整，就能生产出合格的零件。减少垫片调整又缩短了准备时间。  材料牌号也是一个关键因素。与低碳钢相比，不锈钢需要的载荷通常增加 50%左右，而大多数牌号的软铝减少 50%左右。您随时可以从折弯机厂商那里得到机器的吨数表，该表显示在不同厚度、不同材料下每英尺长度所需要的吨数估算。  零件的弯曲半径  采用自由弯曲时，弯曲半径为凹模开口距的 0.156 倍。  在自由弯 曲过程中，凹模开口距应是金属材料厚度的 8 倍。例如，使用 1/2 英寸的开口距成形 16 gauge 低碳钢时，零件的弯曲半径约 0.078 英寸。若弯曲半径差不多小到材料厚度，须进行有底凹模成形。不过，有底凹模成形所需的压力比自由弯曲大 4 倍左右。  如果弯曲半径小于材料厚度，须采用前端圆角半径小于材料厚度的凸模，并求助于压印弯曲法。这样，就需要 10 倍于自由弯曲的压力。  就自由弯曲而言，凸模和凹模按 85或小于 85加工（小点儿为好）。采用这组模 5 具时，注意凸模与凹模在冲程底端的空隙，以及足以补偿回弹而使材料保持 90左右的过度弯曲。  通常，自由弯曲模在新折弯机上产生的回弹角 2，弯曲半径等于凹模开口距的0.156 倍。  对于有底凹模弯曲，模具角度一般为 86  90。在行程的底端，凸凹模之间应有一个略大于材料厚度的间隙。成形角度得以改善，因为有底凹模弯曲的吨数