初二英语 代词.doc

All things are difficult before they are easy. 初二 2015-5-2 吕老师代 词 英语代词分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、疑问代词和不定代词等。一、人称代词1.人称代词的形式单数复数人称一二三一二三主格Iyouhe, she, it宾格usyouthem2.人称代词的句法功能功能例句主格作主语Theyare fourteen years old. /Sheis a Chinese teacher.宾格作动词宾语The box is too heavy. Let me helpyou. / I likeitvery much.作介词宾语Mary didnt want to go withme.作表语- Who is standing over there?- Itsme.it的特殊用法指时间Itis early spring, but its already very hot.指天气Itrained _（大）last night.指距离Its about five _（minute）walk from here to the library.作形式主语、形式宾语Itis very nice of you to help me.I finditeasy to learn English well.3.人称代词的排列顺序（单数231，复数123）当两个以上的人称代词一起作主语时，单数按二、三、一人称排列（即you, he / she, I）；复数按一、二、三人称排列（即we, you, they）。但是如果做错了事需要承担责任时，要把说话人（I）放在第一位。如：_Jack and I_（我和杰克）must come here early tomorrow._We, you and they_（我们，你们和他们）are good citizens._I and Jim_（我和吉姆）should be blamed. We are sorry.二、物主代词1.物主代词的形式单数复数物主代词形容词性yourhisitsourtheir名词性minehersyours2.物主代词的基本用法功能例句特别提示形容词性物主代词作定语Hermother is a kind-hearted doctor.Theirroom is clean and tidy.形容词性物主代词作定语，相当于形容词。名词性物主代词作主语That is his computer.Minedoesnt work.名词性物主代词在句中不能单独作定语。如：Hers math is better than mine.（错！句中的_hers_应改为_her_）作宾语Her spoken English is better thanyours.作表语This ballpen ishers. Where is mine?与of连用作定语The red skirtof hersis very beautiful.形物代词能力差，自己不能来当家。句子当中作定语，后面要把名词加。名物代词能力强，自己独来又独往。句子成分主表宾，后面名词不能加。3.物主代词的特殊用法在双重所有格中只能用名词性物主代词。如：我的一个朋友_a friend of mine_她的一个同学_a student of hers_三、反身代词1.反身代词的形式反身代词又叫自身代词，表示动作返回到动作发出者本身。第一、第二人称的反身代词都是由_形容词性物主代词_加上self或selves构成；第三人称的反身代词都是由_宾格_加上self或selves构成。列表如下：人称单数复数第一人称myself第二人称yourselves第三人称himself, _, itself2.反身代词的句法功能反身代词表“自身”，“宾、表、同位”三成分。表示强调、同位语，强调动作“亲自”在。功能例句特别提示作宾语Little Jimmy can dresshimselfnow.She cookedherselfa good meal.两句中动作的执行者与承受着均是同一个人，故宾语只能用反身代词，不能用him和her。作表语The boy in the photo ismyself, not Tom.作同位语（强调）The babyitselflaughed.Imyselfwent to visit my teacher.此句中，反身代词itself也可放在laughed的后面。和by等介词搭配，构成固定短语Never leave the child byhimselfat home.I dont think I can do it bymyself.初中常用的由反身代词构成的短语有：（见下）3.由反身代词构成的习惯用语help oneself to _come to oneself _dress oneself _say to oneself _enjoy oneself _lose oneself in _teach oneself _look after oneself _四、指示代词单数this这，这个that那，那个such这样的人或物same同样的人或物复数these这些those那些例句Thisis Bill speaking. Who isthat?Where willthesepupils go?Do you likethose? They are the latest fashion.I have never seensucha clever child before.Those two dresses arethe same.He saidthe samething again and again.五、疑问代词格指人指物指人或物主格who谁what什么which哪个，哪些宾格whom谁所有格whose谁的whose谁的whose谁的六、不定代词不定代词的形式例词普通不定代词some / anysomebody / anybody / nobody, someone / anyone / no onesomething / anything / nothingone / none个体不定代词every / each, other / another, either / neithereverybody / everyone / everything数量不定代词many / much, few / a few / little / a littlea lot of / lots of / a great deal of / a great many中考有关代词的考查（A）1.（2011北京）Im talking to you, Jack. Please listen to_carefully.A. meB. mineC. youD. yours（B）2.（2011北京）I knocked on the door but_answered.A. somebodyB. nobodyC. anybodyD. everybody（B）3.（2011上海）I have two children, and _ of them are working in the west of China.A. allB. bothC. neitherD. either（B）4.（2011天津） Is this _ ruler?No. _ is over there.A. her; HerB. her; HersC. hers; HersD. hers; Her（C）5.（2011山东）_ bike is this?I think its Peters.A. WhoB. WhichC. WhoseD. What（D）6.（2011广东）Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.It doesnt matter. You can have _.A. weB. usC. ourD. ours（A）7.（2011河南）Will you take part in the English speech competition tomorrow?Sure. I see it as a chance to prove_.A. myselfB. meC. yourselfD. you（C）8.（2011安徽）Im hungry, is there any bread in the fridge?_, but we have cakes. Would you like to have one?A. SomeB. MuchC. NoneD. Nothing（A）9.（2011辽宁大连）British people usually shake hands the first time _ meet.A. theyB. youC. weD. I（A）10.（2011山东枣庄）Did you see Peter and Mike?No, I saw _of them.A. neitherB. eitherC. bothD. none（C）11.（2011广东梅州） Mom, Bill is coming to dinner this evening. OK. Lets give him _ to eat.A. anything differentB. different anythingC. something differentD. different something（B）12.（2011云南昆明）Yesterday I lost my pencil sharpener. I couldnt find_.Oh, its a pity. Youd better buy _ this afternoon.A. it; itB. it; oneC. one; itD. one; one（D）13.（2011乌鲁木齐）Allof us find_necessary totake exercise every day.A.thisB.thatC.themD.it（D）14.（2011四川宜宾）I have two brothers. One is a teacher, _ is a doctor.A. anotherB. otherC. othersD. the other（D）15.（2011广西百色）Your computer doesnt work now, is there _ with it?A. wrong somethingB. something wrongC. wrong anythingD. anything wrong（A）16.（2011辽宁本溪）I need a dictionary. Who has got _?A. oneB. itC. thatD. this（D）17.（2011山东连云港）Oh, the traffic is so heavy.Lets change _ route to the airport.A. otherB. othersC. the otherD. another（B）18.（2011广东深圳）Are these books _.？ No. they are not mine. They belong to _.A. your, herB. yours, herC. you, hersD. yours, she（C）19.（2011内蒙古包头）There is still a copy of this book in the library. Will you go andborrow _?No, I will buy _in the bookstore.A. one; itB. one; oneC. it; oneD. it; it（C）20（2011广东河源）Mom, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.OK. Lets give him _ to eat.A. anything differentB. different anythingC. something differentC. different something（C）21.（2011江苏泰州）There is no salt left. Jim, would you like to get _?OK, Mum!A. itB. oneC. someD. any（B）22.（2011重庆江津）What else do you need?else. I think I have got everything ready.A. SomethingB. NothingC. EverythingD. Anything（A）23.（2011山东菏泽）_you do, dont miss this exhibition, for its so hard for me to getthe tickets.A. WhateverB. HoweverC. WheneverD. Whether（A）24.（2011山东泰安）Excuse me, are these _ new shoes?No, they arent. _ are black over there.A. your; MineB. my; YourC. her; HerD. mine; Yours（A）25.（2011四川乐山）Will you come over for dinner on Monday or Tuesday?Im afraid _ day is OK. Ill fly to Paris on holiday for the whole week.A. neitherB. eitherC. both（D）26.（2011山东潍坊）Teenagers should learn to protect _ from a