八年级英语下册 Module 9 Unit 3 Language in use宾语从句课件 （新版）外研版.ppt

语法专项 宾语从句 一 宾语从句的概念 宾语从句即用一个句子作主句的宾语 而不再是一个词或短语作宾语 ilikemyteacher 名词作宾语 iknowhim 代词作宾语 ienjoyplayingbasketball 动名词作宾语 idecidetostudyhard 不定式作宾语 iknowmr liteachesenglish 句子作宾语 sheaskediftheanswerwasright 句子作宾语 pleasefindtheobjectofeachsentence whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectclause iwillbuyabike ithinkmrzhangisaverygoodteacher helikesmeat shecanspeakenglishandfrench mrsmithknewhissonmadesomemistakes theshopsellsdifferentkindsoffood icanseetheboysareplayingfootball wehaveplantedhundredsoftreesintheschool 这些划线部分都可以用 来提问 what 二 宾语从句三要素 连接词 时态 语序 一 连接词 that连接 2 whether if连接 3 连接 一般疑问句 一般陈述句 特殊疑问句 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 注 that在句中无词汇意义 在从句中不能充当成分 在口语当中往往省略 ihear that 一小时后他会回来 hesaid that 他非常想念我们 theteachertoldus that 地球围着太阳转 hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuch theearthmovesaroundthesun 注意 当从句是客观真理的时候 无论主句什么时态 从句一律用一般现在时 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 iwanttoknow 2 askhim 3 iwonder 4 couldyoutellme if whetherhewillgototheparkwithus whether ifhecancome whetheritisgoingtorainornot if whether 是否 常用在ask wonder findoutcan could tellme don tknow don tcare等后 whether ifmr liliveshere 只能用whether不能用if的情况 1 在 后面 i mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow 2 在 前 theyaskedmewhethertogoskating 介词 动词不定式 3 当与 连用 maryaskedwhetherornotiwouldattendthespeechcontest tellmewhetheryou dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom 4 时 whetherthisistrueornot ican tsay 5 当会产生歧义时 pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook ornot 提出两种选择 宾语从句提前 或 时 1 heasked 2 doyouknow 3 heasked 4 doyouknow 5 pleasetellme 6 canyoutellme 7 couldyoutellme whocouldanswerthequestion whomtheyarewaitingfor whosebikewasthebestintheclass whenwe llhaveameeting whereheis howicangettothestation whythetrainislate 由who whom whose which whatwhere how why when引导的宾从 特殊疑问词连接主句和从句 并在从句中担任句子成分 具有一定的意义 不可省略 选择正确的连接词1 canyoutellme youwereborn betty a whob whatc whend that2 idon tknow theyhavepassedtheexam a whatb ifc whend where3 ihardlyunderstand hehastoldme a thatb whatc whichd who4 shedidn tknow backsoon a whetherhewouldbeb ifwouldhebec hewillbed wouldhewhetherbe5 idon tknow hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears a whetherbwherec whatd when 6 doyouknow theylistenedtoyesterday a whatbwhencwhydhow7 heaskedme toldmetheaccident awhombwhichcwhodwhose8 peterasked dictionarythiswas a whoseb who sc whichd that9 itoldhim wasmybook a whomb whichc whod whose10 mumaskedme iwouldgoshoppingwith a whichb thatc whered whom 二 语序 陈述句语序 即 主句 连接词 从句 主 谓 其他成分 heaskedmewheniwasgoingtothebookstore 当从句的原句为以下句子以及what who作主语时 语序不变 what swrong what sthematter what shappening what has happened whichisthewayto who soverthere canyoutellmewhoisoverthere doyouknowwhowillgiveusaspeechthisafternoon iwanttoknowwhatcanbedoneaboutit 陈述句语序1 theydon tknow awhataretheirparentsbwhattheirparentsarecwhowastheirparentsdthattheirparentarewho2 pleasetellme lastyear a wheredoesyoursisterworkb wheredidyoursisterworkc whereyoursisterworksd whereyoursisterworked3 sheaskedmeifiknew a whosepenisitb whosepenitwasc whosepenitisd whosepenwasit 4 youmustremember a whatyourmothersaidb whatdidyourmothersayc yourmothersaidwhatd whathasyourmothersaid5 didyouknow a whohewaslookingafterb whowashelookingforc whoheislookingford whoishelookingafter6 couldyoutellme a whenwilltheyleaveforbeijingb whenwouldtheyleaveforbeijingc whentheywillleaveforbeijingd whendidtheyleaveforbeijing 三 时态 时态一致性 主句用现在时态 从句可用任何时态 按需要 iknowheisateacher iknowhewasateacherthreeyearsago iknowhehasbeenateacherfor3yearsiknowhewillbeateacheraftergraduation 主句用过去时态 从句可用相应的过去时态 但从句说明的是一般真理 客观事实 自然现象 名言时 仍用现在时 iknewhewasateacher iknewhehadbeenateacherfor3years iknewhewouldbeateacheraftergraduation hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun 确定从句的时态 根据主句时态 主句时态 从句时态 连接前 连接后 一般现在时 时态保持不变 一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 时态一致练习1 thegirlsaskedifthey somefoodanddrinkwiththem a cantakeb takec takesd wouldtake23thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey adictationtoday a wouldhaveb hasc willhaved are4 sheaskedlindaif goandgetsomechalk a couldsheb shecouldc shecand shemay5 lindasaidthemoon roundtheearth a traveledb hastraveledc travelsd hadtraveled theradiosaysit cloudytomorrow be theheadmasterhopeseverything well go tomsaysthatthey play basketballatsixo clockyesterdayevening ihearthey return italready hesaidthatthey membersofthepartysince1948 be heaskedwhatthey ateightlastnight do theteachertoldhisclassthatlight fasterthansound travel ithinkyou aboutthemurdernow talk willbe goes wereplaying havereturned hadbeen travels aretalking weredoing 时态一致练习 9 ididn tknowwhomtheletters from be 10 ididn tknowwhattimehe theletter write 11 mr wangtoldmethattheearth move roundthesun 12 couldyoutellmewho awaythebookalready take 13 lingfengtoldmehe thereseveraltimes be 14 ourteachertoldusinclassthesun intheeast rise 15 canyoutellmewhatthey yesterday do wrote moves hastaken hadbeen rises did were wouldwrite 转述中的人称代词 时间 地点等转换 根据说话时实际情况进行相应转变 i mtired shesaid shesaidthat wastired youplayverywell hetoldme hetoldmethat playedverywell youmusthandinyourpapertomorrow theteachertoldus theteachertoldusthat musthandin paper mr carteraskedhim areyourbookshere mr carteraskedhimif bookswere she i we our his there thenextday shesaidtome openthedoor please don topenthedoor please isaidtotom 宾语从句改写中的特殊情形 iaskedtom thedoor shetoldme thedoor 原句是祈使句 不能用宾语从句改写 而应该用 ask tellsb not todosth 的句式 toopen nottoopen 宾语从句与简单句的转换 idon tknowhowicananswerthequestion hehopedtobeabasketballplayer idon tknow thequestion hehoped abasketballplayer howtoanswer that hecouldbe itisn tgoingtorain ithink 宾语从句的否定形式 idon tthinkitisgoingtorain 一般而言 宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式一样 但若主句谓语动词是think believe guess suppose等表示 认为 猜想 等词时 一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中 hethinks hedoesn tthinkitisgoingtorain 宾语从句应掌握的要点 1 宾语从句中必须用陈述句的语序 即主语 谓语动词 其它成分 句末用句号 但主句为疑问句时 句末用问号 2 要注意主句时态和从句时态的呼应 当主句的谓语动词是现在时态时 从句的谓语动词可用任何需要的时态 当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时 从句的谓语动词只能用过去时态范围内的某一种时态 排除下一条 从句表示普遍真理时 即使主句的谓语动词是过去时 从句的谓语动词也须用一般现在时 3 在think believe等动词引起的宾语从句中 如果否定的是后面的从句 一般要将主句动词改为否定形式 而从句仍然用肯定式 否定前置 宾语从句专项练习 1 theseflowersarefromguangdong hesaid hesaid theseflowers fromguangdong 2 light 光 goesfasterthansound myteachertoldme myteachertoldme light fasterthansound 3 therewillbeameetinginfivedays jackdidn tknow jackdidn tknow there ameetinginfivedays 4 cantheyspeakfrench iwanttoknow iwanttoknow french thatwere thatgoes thatwouldbe iftheycanspeak 5 arethechildrenplayinggames tellme tellme thechildren games 6 what shisname iaskedhim iaskedhimwhat 7 howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture whoknows whoknows inthepicture ifareplaying hisnamewas howmanypeopleyoucansee 8 wheredidsheputhercar doyouknow doyouknow hercar 9 whatdoesheoftentalkabout thegirlwondered thegirlwondered often about 10 whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly idon tknow idon tknow atthedoorsoloudly 11 doeshestillliveinthatstreet idon tknow idon tknow hestill inthatstreet wheresheput whathetalked whoknocked iflives 12 whendoesthetrainarrive pleasetellme pleasetellme 13 dotheywantfriedchicken heaskedtheboys heaskedtheboys they friedchicken 14 whydidn tyoucomewithustotheparty sueaskedsteven sueaskedsteven tothepartywiththem whenthetrainarrives ifwanted whyhehadn tgone 将下列句子合并为一句 wheredotheystopontheway iasked 2 whatwillyousayatthemeeting couldyoutellme 3 dotheyliketogoskiing heasked 4 heisdoinghishomework hesaid 5 hewillcomeback tomsaid iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting heaskediftheylikedtogoskiing hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework tomsaidthathewouldcomeback 6 isshedoingherhomework jimasked 7 whenwillhecomeback tomasked 8 howcanigettothestation couldyoutellme 9 whyisthetrainlate wouldyoutellme 10 whereistom theyasked tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback couldyoutellmehowicangettothestation wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate theyaskedwheretomwas jimaskedifshewasdoingherhomework whatdidmikesay hesaid a ifyouarefreethenextweekb whatcolourwasitc theweatherisfined summercomesafterspring2 letmetellyou a howmuchisthecarb