人教版八年级英语上册《单元同步常见考点失误解析与自我检测》Units 4-5.doc

单元同步常见考点失误解析与自我检测根据人民教育出版社义务教育七年级至九年级英语教材编写，本书与教学同步，按单元编写，采用对照汉语句子，列举正误句和扼要解析的方法。在解析中对在词法、句法、习惯表达法等常见考点所产生错误的原因进行简要分析，以帮助同学们记取前车之鉴，在英语学习中不犯或少犯错误。每单元安排了自我检测题，同学们可通过练习加深对常见考点的理解和运用 单元同步常见考点失误解析（八年级上册）作者：胡扬朋（江西省中学英语特级教师）Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater? 1.那时每个人都不知道这件事。误：Everybody didnt know about it at that time. 正：No one knew about it at that time. 解析：every, everyone或everybody与not连用是表示“并非每个（人）都”的意思，表示部分否定。误句的意思是“那时并非每个人都知道这件事。”（即有的人知道这件事，有的人不知道这件事。）no+名词，nobody, on one才表示“都不”的意义。如：Every one of the children does not like this game. 并非每个孩子都喜欢这个游戏。No oneofthechildrenlikesthisgame每个孩子都不喜欢这个游戏。Every one could not help him. 并非大家都能帮他的忙No one could help him. 大家都帮不了他的忙。课文要点 However, not everybody enjoys watching these shows. (P29)2. 好好学习，你将会实现你的梦想。误：Study hard, and you will come true your dream. 正：Study hard, and your dream will come true.解析：come true意为“实现”，是不及物短语动词，后面不能跟宾语，通常用表示“理想； 愿望”等的名词作句子的主语。如：His dream of becoming a teacher came true. 他当老师的理想实现了。Some day my wish will come true. 总有一天，我的愿望将会实现。课文要点 And one great thing about them is that they give people a way to make their dreams come true. (P29)3. 你认为这本小说怎么样？误：How do you think of the novel? 正：What do you think of the novel? 正：How do you like the novel? 解析：表示“你觉得怎么样?”可以说What do you think of? 或Howdoyoulike? 句型，用以询问对方对某个地方或某件事物等的看法，例如： What do you think of the city? (=Howdoyoulikethecity?)你觉得这座城市怎么样? Howdoyoulikethefilm? (What do you think of the film?)你认为这部电影怎样? 这两个句型在口语中常用Howabout?或Whatabout?代替。如：How about (What about) the film? 这部电影怎么样？ 还要注意别和Whatdoyoulike? 相混，该句型主要用以询问对方的兴趣爱好，意为“你喜欢什么?”如：Whatdoyoulike? 你喜欢什么？Ilikeswimming.我喜欢游泳。课文要点What do you think of 970 AM? (p27)4. 我看着孩子们在操场上做早操。误：I watched the children to do morning exercises. 正：I watched the children do morning exercises.解析：watch意为“看；注视”，用作及物动词，常用于watch somebody do something复合宾语结构中，宾语补足语中的动词不定式不带to。如：They watched the children climb up the hill. 他们看着孩子们爬上了山。We watched the students play football yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我们观看了学生踢足球。课文要点Its always interesting to watch other people show their talents. (P29)5. 我尽力想早点到这儿来，可是来不了。误：I tried getting here early but couldnt. 正：I tried to get here early but couldnt. 解析：try todo表示“努力做某事”；“试图干事”，强调付出努力，但不一定成功；如： Hedidnttrytodoit. 他不肯努力去干 pleasetrytofinishthisworkinthirtyminutes. 请尽量在30分钟完成这项工作。 trydoing表示“尝试做某事”, “尝试干、干试试”，含有“看结果如何”之意。如：Shetriedwashingherhairwithanewshampoo. 她试着用一种新的香波洗头发。 Whydidntyoutryridingabiketogotoschool? 为什么不试着骑车去学校呢？ 课文要点They try to look for the best singers, the most talented dancers, the most exciting magicians, the funniest actors and so on. (P29)6. 那家商店有各式各样的衣服。误：There are all kind of clothes in that store. 正：There are all kinds of clothes in that store.解析：表示“各种各样”应该说kinds of。如：I saw all kinds of animals in the zoo. 我看见动物园里各种各样的动物。He has all kinds of stamps. 他有各种各样的邮票。注意：kind of意为“相当，有一些”。如：Im kind of hungry. 我有些饿了。课文要点All kinds of people join these shows. (P29)7. 电脑在我们的生活中发挥着重要的作用。误：Computers play important role in our life. 正：Computers play an important role in our life. 解析：play a role意为“在中起作用”，是固定短语，其中不定冠词不可省略，role前可加important（重要），leading（主导）等形容词。如：The local priest played a leading role in settling the dispute.地方牧师在调解这次争端中起了主导作用。该短语也可解作“在中扮演角色”。如：She played a minor role in the opera. 她在那出歌剧里扮演了一个小角色。课文要点When people watch the show, they usually play a role in deciding the winner. (P29)8. 北京是世界上最古老的成都市之一。误：Beijing is one of oldest cities in the world. 正：Beijing is one of the oldest cities in the world. 解析：形容词最高级前面须加定冠词the。如：It is the most beautiful film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的电影中最好的。Jim is the youngest among the tree brothers. 吉姆是三兄弟中年纪最小的。This is the happiest day in my life. 这是我一生中的最愉快的一天。课文要点Greenwood Park is the best place to go to on weekends. (P31) 9. 我父母住在城里。误：My parents live in the town. 正：My parents live in town.解析：in town意为“在城里；在城镇”，是固定短语，town前不带冠词。如：We are doing shopping in town now. 现在我们正在城里买东西。反义词out of town“不在城里”。如：Smith is out of town this week. 这个星期史密斯先生不在本市。课文要点Im new in town. (P26)10. 我们打算做游戏，你能参加吗?误：We are going to have a game; can you join it? 正：We are going to have a game; can you join in it? 解析：join 指加入某个党派，团体组织等，成为其成员之一，意为“参军、入团、入党”等。如： Whendidyourbrotherjointhearmy?你哥哥什么时候参军的？ ShejoinedtheYoungPioneers.她加入了少先队。 表示“和某人一道做某事”，其结构为：joinsomebody in(doing)something.，根据上下文，in(doing)something也可以省去。如： Willyoujoinusinthediscussion?你参加我们的讨论吗？ Helljoinusinsingingthesong.他将和我们一道唱歌。 WeregoingtotheEastLakeParkonSunday.Willyoujoinus? 我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗？ joinin多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如： Comealong,andjoinintheballgame.快，来参加球赛。 Whydidntyoujoininthetalklastnight?昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？课文要点All kinds of people join these shows. (P29)11. 这个广播电台离公园近。误：The radio station is close from the park. 正：The radio station is close to the park. 解析：(be) close to意为“离近；靠近；在附近”，是固定短语。如：Our school is close to a park.我们学校离公园很近。Theres a bus-stop close to 工厂附近有一个公共汽车站。课文要点 Its the closest to home. (P25)12. 这不是真实的情况，是她编造出来的。误：Its not true. She made up.正：Its not true. She made it up.解析：make up意为“编造”；“组成”，用作及物短语动词，后跟名词或代词。如果人称代词，须放在make up中间。如：I often make up stories to my younger sister. 我经常编故事给我妹妹听。课文要点Some think that the lives of the performers are made up. (P29)自我检测单项填空：1. I told them _ liked to see the film. Someone liked to watch TV. A. everybody not B. not everybody C. not someone D. someone not 2. If we try our best, our dream will _ one day. A. work out B. come true C. put up D. show off3. _the school trip? Its very interesting. A. What do you think of B. what do you like C. How do you think of D. How do you think 4. I am very sleepy. I tried _ my eyes open, but I couldnt.A. keepingB. having keptC. to have kept D. to keep5. Do you know that there are many different _ animals in the zoo？Yes, I do. And I also know that some of them are_ scaring. A. kinds of; kind of B. kinds of; kinds ofC. kind of; kinds of D. kind of kind of6. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home. A. livingB. to liveC. to be living D. having lived7. When people watch the show, they usually play _ in deciding the winner. A. roles B. the role C. a role D. role 8. Of the three pencil-boxes, the boy chose _ one. A. most expensive B. the most expensive C. the less expensive D. more expensive 9. Whats the best movie theater?Showtime Cinema. Its _ in my town. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest 10. Theylive_. How aboutyourparents? A. at town B. at a town C. in a town D. intown11. Shall we _the after-school activities? Sure. Lets _ them. A. join in; join in B. join; join C. join; join in D. join in; join Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show? 1.你昨天找到了你的自行车吗？误：Did you find out your bike yesterday? 正：Did you find your bike yesterday? 解析：find与find out用法不一样。find意为“发现；找到”，指发现遗失物、事实、真理及事情的困难点等方面，有“偶然发现”的意味，常用“find宾语宾语补足语(形容词、介词短语或不定式)”。如：Excuse me, Li Lei. I cant find my pen. 请原谅，李雷。我找不到我的钢笔了。He opened the box and found it empty.他打开箱子，发现是空的。find out多指经过一番努力的探索、观察、询问、调查、推理之后才“发现”或“找到；查出”，常指无形的或隐藏的事物。如：Read the story and find out the answer to this question.读下面的故事并找出这一问题的答案。How can you find out who took the book? 你怎么能查出谁拿走了这本书？课文要点 Because I hope to find out whats going on around the world. (P34)2. 我父亲是在二十世纪七十年代上的大学。误：My father went to college in 1970s正：My father went to college in the 1970s 解析：表示“在世纪年代”要用“in the + 年份+-s/-s”结构。如：The dictionary came out in the 1980s. 这本字典是在二十世纪八十年代出版的。课文要点 In the 1930s, he made 87 cartoons with Mickey. (P37)3. 这个消息不是真的。误：The news are not true. 正：The news is not true. 解析：news意为“消息”，是不可数名词，在句中做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。注意：news前面不可以用a(n)或one修饰，要表示数量时，须用piece。说“一条消息”应该说a piece of news；“两条消息”应该说two pieces of news。如：Thats an important piece of news. 那是条重要的消息。课文要点Do you plan to watch the news tonight? (P34)4. 课堂上要认真听老师讲课。误：Listen to the teacher carefully in the class.正：Listen to the teacher carefully in class.解析：表示“在课堂上”应该说in class，class前没有冠词。如：He had a little rest after lunch, but she worked hard in class all day. 午饭后他休息了一会儿，但她整天都在课堂上努力学习。注意：in the class意为“在班级里”。如：The other students in the class keep their eyes closed. 班上的其他学生闭起眼睛。课文要点A: What did you do in class today, Sarah? B: We had a discussion about TV shows. (P34)5. 这是我最喜欢的音乐 误: This is my most favorite music. 正: This is my favorite music.解析： favorite 作形容词讲，意为“最喜欢的”例： Whats her favorite subject? 她最喜欢的学科是什么? My favorite actor is Paul Jackson. 我最喜欢的演员是保罗杰克逊 favorite 作形容词用时，本身含最高级意义，故不能与most连用课文要点 But my favorite TV shows are the news and talk shows. (P34)6. 我们期待和外教们交谈。误：We expect talking with foreign teachers. 正：We expect to talk with foreign teachers. 解析：expect 意为“期待”；“预料”，用作及物动词，后跟名词、代词或带to的动词不定式，不可以跟动词-ing形式，表示“期待做某事”。如：We should not expect success overnight. 我们不能期望一夜之间就取得成功。I didnt expect to find you here.我没料到在这里碰到你。I expect a storm.我预计会有场暴风雨来。课文要点Well, they may not be very exciting, but you can expect to learn a lot from them. (P34)7. 男孩们看到自己的球队要赢了，都十分激动。误：The boys were exciting when they saw their team was winning. 正：The boys were excited when they saw their team was winning.解析： exciting意为“令人感到兴奋的”，通常主语是物/事件。如：Are you excited about going to Beijing? 你要去北京了，感到兴奋吗？ I am excited to hear from you again. 再一次收到你的信我深感激动。Excited意为“对感到兴奋”，通常主语是人；He told us an exciting story yesterday. 他昨天给我们讲了一个使人激动的故事The film I saw yesterday was exciting. 昨天看的那部电影令人激动。课文要点I like to watch action movies because theyre exciting. (P36)8. 上周我发生了一场车祸。误：I happened a car accident last week. 正：A car accident happened to me last week. 解析：happen意为“(偶然地)发生”，是不及物动词，其后不可带宾语。其主语一般为事，而不能是人。如： Thishappenedin1988.这件事发生在1988年。 DoyouknowwhathappenedlastSundayinourschool?你知道上周日在我们学校发生了什么事吗？ 表示“某人发生了什么事”应用somethinghappens/happenedtosomebody这一结构。如： WhathappenedtoMr.Green?格林先生发生了什么事？ Anaccidenthappenedtothetwins.双胞胎出了一次事故。 注意：happen可表示“碰巧”之意，此时，其主语可以是人，它的后面常跟上动词不定式，表示“碰巧”。如： LastSundayIhappenedtomeetoneofmyoldfriendsinthestreet.上星期天我在街上碰巧遇见了我的一个老朋友。 Imsorry. Ihappenedtoleavemydictionaryathome.对不起，我碰巧把词典忘在家了。课文要点I like to follow the story and see what happens next. (P34)9. 下个月我计划度假。误：I plan taking a vacation next month. 正：I plan to take a vacation next month. 解析：plan意为“计划”“打算”，是及物动词，不可以跟动词-ing，须跟带to的动词不定式，表示“计划做某事”。如：Were planning to visit London this summer. 我们正在计划今年夏天去访问伦敦。I plan to do the homework this evening. 我今晚打算做家庭作业。注意：plan也可以作名词，后面可接介词for表示计划的对象。如：Did you make a plan for the coming holiday? 你为即将到来的假期制订了计划了吗？课文要点 I plan to watch Days of Our Past. 10. 我无法忍受在这里学习了。误：I cant stand to study here. 正：I cant stand studying here.解析：stand意为“忍受”，用作及物动词，后跟名词或代词，也可以跟动词-ing形式，但不能跟动词不定式。如：I cant stand his brother. 我无法容忍他弟弟。I cant stand waiting and longer. 再等下去我可受不了。Stand还有“站；站立”的意思。试比较下句中两个stand的含义：She cant stand standing for a long time. 她不能忍受久站。课文要点I cant stand them! (P35)11. 她在比赛中表现很好。误：She did very good job in the match.正：She did a very good job in the match.解析：do a good job意为“干得好”，是固定短语，其中不定冠词a不可省略。如：You are doing a good job. 你干得好。You must do a good job in transport and communications. 我们必须搞好交通运输工作。与其相对的短语do a bad job“干得差”。如：I did a bad job in the test. 这次考试我考得差。课文要点The other actors are also fantastic and they did a good job. (P39)12. 他身材不高，戴着一副深度眼镜。误：He is a little man, wear thick glasses. 正：He is a little man with thick glasses. 解析：表达“戴着一副深度眼镜”。可用with介词短语作后置定语修饰man，with意为“具有”；“带有”。如：He wants to buy a big house with a garage. 他想买一栋带车库的房子。课文要点We all know and love the black mouse with two large round earsMickey Mouse. (P37)13. 这个作家很有名，下周他将出版另一本新书。误：The writer is famous and he will come out another new book next week. 正：The writer is famous and his another new book will come out next week. 解析：come out意为“出版”；“发表”，是不及物动词短语，不可以带宾语。如：The magazine comes out once a month. 这杂志一个月出版一期。When did this dictionary come out? 这本字典什么时候出版的？课文要点When this cartoon came out in New York on November 18,1928, it was the first cartoon with sound and music. (P37)14. 一小时后，他的一位朋友来了。误：After an hour one of his friend came. 正：After an hour one of his friends came. 解析：one of 意为“之一”，后跟代词宾格或名词复数。如：He is one of the most famous heroes. 他是著名英雄之一。I have some English books. You can take one of them.我有几本英语书，你可以拿其中一本。注意：one of 短语做主语，谓语动词用单数One of them is good at math. 他们中有一人数学学得好。one of 后面还可以跟“定冠词the+形容词最高级+名词复数”He is one of the tallest boys in his class.他是班里最高男孩中的一个。课文要点One of the main reasons is that Mickey was like a common man, but he always tried to face and danger. (P37)15. 这间教室不如那间教室大。误：This classroom is not so bigger as that one. 正：This classroom is not so big as that one. 解析：not so.as意为“与不一样”，so是副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级。如：He is not so tall as I. 他与我一样不高。I dont run so fast as you. 我与你一样跑得不快。课文要点Todays cartoons are usually not so simple as little Mickey Mouse, but everyone still knows and loves him. (P37)16. 我感到很厌烦，咱们去看电影吧。误：I felt very boring; lets go to the cinema. 正：I felt very bored; lets go to the cinema. 解析：bored与boring 均为形容词，含义相似，但用法不同。 bored意为“厌烦的“，”不感兴趣的“，通常是指某人对某事感到厌烦。如：She is bored with her job. 她对自己的工作不感兴趣。boring意为”无趣的、无聊的、令人生厌的”，通常指某件物或事情给人的感觉。如：The lecture was deadly boring.那讲座真是乏味极了。课文要点They are boring. (P34)17. 你能来我办公室谈谈那件事吗？误：Couldyoucometomyofficeandhavediscussionaboutthatmatter?正：Couldyoucometomyofficeandhaveadiscussionaboutthatmatter?解析：have a discussion about意为“讨论关于”，相当于discuss about, discussion是名词，该短语中的a不可以省略。如：Couldyoucometomyofficeandhaveadiscussionaboutthatmatter?你能来我办公室谈谈那件事吗？ButIalwayshaveplans to gobackandhaveadiscussionaboutitlater.但之后我通常会回顾并讨论它。课文要点We had a discussion about TV shows. (P34)自我检测单项填空：1.Jack, could you help me _ when the plane will take off on the Internet?Im sorry, my computer doesnt work.A. get outB. look outC. take outD. find out2. The door is broken. Ill _ who broke it. A. look for B. look at C. find D. find out 3. Most of the students in Grade Nine this year were born _.A. in the 1990 B. in the 1990s C. in 1990s D. at the 1990s 4. There _ some interesting news in todays newspaper. A. are B. is C. have D. has 5. I am going to do more listening, speaking, reading and writing _ this term. A. in classes B. i