【新课标人教版】(福建专用)2012届高考英语一轮复习精品学案：必修1 Unit 2 English around the world.doc

Unit 2 English around the world导读：英语使用国家之多，范围之广，令人咋舌。年轻人英语化的汉语，让你酷(cool)，使你摩登(modern)。21世纪的人才不懂英语何为人才？ 在全球化的信息时代，世界也将变成“地球村”，人们赖以交际的工具便是英语，你知道这是什么原因吗？我们不学英语行吗？ English is a language spoken all around the world. There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English. Most native speakers of English are found in the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, South Africa, Ireland and New Zealand. In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue. An equal number of people learn English as a second language. These people will perhaps speak the language of their own country at home with their family, but the languageof the government, school, newspapers and TV is English. This situation is found in countries such as India, Pakistan, Nigeria and the Philippines. However, the number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million. Everywhere in the world children go to school to learn English. Most people learn English for five or six years at high school. In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong, where manypeople speak English as a first or a second language. In only fifty years English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world. English is the working language of most international organizations, international trade and tourism. Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese. Chinese businessmen, taxi drivers and students talk with them using English. English is also the language of global culture, such as popular music and the Internet. You can listen to English songs on the radio or communicate in English every day. It will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. 重点单词请根据语义及提示写出单词1. A high_ (官员) in the army will pay an _(正式) and friendly visit to the USA.(office) 2. Were stuck in the middle of the road with this truck heading _(笔直) toward us. 3. The _product (土特产)here is worldwide, which has grown into the leading product. 4. There are a great many students _ (出席) at the conference. 5. He was employed because he has a good c_ of English. 6. I was too excited to _ (expression) myself when I won the first prize. 7. Under the _(指导)of my teachers, I have succeeded in passing the entrance exam. 8. We feel that our Party is greater through the study of the _(历程)of the Party. 9. My hometown has changed so much that I cant _(认不出)it. 10. Passengers are kindly _ (要求)not to smoke in the car. officer; official 2. straight 3. native 4. present 5. command 6. express7. Direction 8. journey 9. recognize10. requested请根据语义写出短语1. _ as 例如2. come _走近；上来；提出 3. make _ _ of 充分利用4. _ of 因为 5. _ than 超过；不仅仅是6. _ present 现在；目前1. such 2. up 3. full use 4. because 5. more 6. at1. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. (P10) 2. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. (P13)3. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. (P13) 4. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA. (P13) command n. & vt.根据语境猜词义 (1) The fire officer took command, ordering everyone to leave the fire. (2) He has studied in the USA and has a good command of spoken English. (3) Kathleen walked in, tall, slim, confident and in total command of herself. (4) The commander commanded that everyone die rather than give in. 根据语义找匹配 A.命令 B. 控制 C. 精通 D. 指挥(1) D(2) C(3) B(4) A链接command n. 控制；指挥；掌握；精通 v. 赢得，博得；眺望commandant n. 司令官；指挥官commander n. 长官短语under sbs command 在的指挥下be in command of sth. 控制take command of 指挥have a good command of 掌握；精通at ones command 娴熟地；运用自如be in command of oneself 神态自若的command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事句型command that sb. (should) do sth.单项填空()(1) In my opinion, I can be fit for the position as an English secretary because I have an excellent _ of English. A. command B. order C. master D. directionA考查名词短语。能形成名词短语的只有have a good command of 表示“精通”，其他名词都不能构成短语，所以答案是A。 ()(2) The teacher commanded that all the students _ the classroom before he returned. A. mustnt leave B. didnt left C. not leave D. wouldnt leaveC考查虚拟语气。动词command后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其形式为should do sth. 其中的should可以省去但动词原形不得改变，所以答案为C。 include vt. 根据语境猜词义(1) The tour includes a visit to the Science Museum. (2) The team is looking strong, especially now they have included Yao Ming. 根据语义找匹配A.包括；包含B. 使成为整体的一部分 (1) A (2) B 链接including prep. 包括，包含 included adj. 包括，包含inclusive adj. (价钱或费用) 包括一切的辨析contain/ include/ holdcontain 强调其中的内容或成分include 强调整体的一部分hold 能容纳单项填空()(1) Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it _. A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved B考查动词词义辨析。collect收集；load装载；save节省。根据语境：好奇地想知道书包里装的东西。所以答案是B。 ()(2) How come a simple meal like this costs so much? We have _in your bill the cost of the cup you broke just now. A. added B. included C. contained D. chargedB考查动词词义辨析。include 使成为一部分；contain包含，含有； add增加；charge收费。根据语境：我们包括了你刚才摔碎的杯子的费用，所以答案是B 你会辨别including和included吗？ (1) Ten students will pay a visit to the Science Museum, Tom and John _. (2) Ten students will pay a visit to the Science Museum, _Tom and John.(1)included(2)including request n. & vt. 要求，请求根据语境感悟其用法(1)He fulfilled his task at the request of the leader. (2)We will make a request for help if necessary. (3) His request is that the work (should) be finished as soon as possible. (4) You are requested not to smoke in public. (5) The guide requested that the visitors not park the car at the gate. 短语make (a) request for请求；要求at sb. s requestat the request of sb. 按某人的要求by request (of) 按照需要；依照请求；应邀on request 一经要求request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事request that sb. (should) do sth. 请求request sth. from/of sb. ask sb. for sth.ask sth. of sb.向某人请求某物句型It is requested that 根据要求辨析demand / require/ request/ appeal/ askdemand 上级对下级的一种不折不扣地要求require 客观需要的要求request 比较委婉地请求，较客气appeal 恳请ask一般用语，没有语气之分完成句子(1) He was there _(按经理的要求). (2) She requested that no one _(被告知她的决定). (3) You are _(被要求不要吸烟) in the restaurant. 用demand / require/ request/ appeal 填空(4) The captain _ that we take action at once. (5) Visitors are _ not to touch the exhibits. (6) Its a matter that _ very careful handling. (1) at the request of his manager (2) (should) be told of her decision (3) requested not to smoke(4) demanded (5) requested (6) requires request n. & vt. 要求，请求温馨提示 但凡有“要求”语义的词所带的所有从句都要使用虚拟语气“(should) do sth.”形式，should 可以省略，但动词原形不得改变。英语中有6个动词表示“要求”。它们是demand / require/ request/ appeal/ ask/ urge。present n， adj.&vt.根据语境猜词义(1) There were 200 people present at the meeting. (2) Levels of pollution present in the atmosphere are increasing. (3) What can get him for a birthday present? (4) Youve got to forget the past and start living in the present. (5) He has presented all he has to the students who are too poor to go to college. (6) Are you presenting your paper at the conference? (7) It is essential that we present a more modern image. (8) She used to present a gardening program on TV. 根据语义找匹配主持 B. 提交C. 目前 D. 展现，呈现E. 礼物 F. 到场，出席G. 捐赠 H. 存在(1)F(2)H(3) E(4) C(5) G(6) B(7)D(8)A链接presence n. 在场；出席 presentable adj. 像样的；体面的；符合要求的 presentation n展示会；发布会；颁奖仪式presenter n. (节目)主持人presently adv. 目前；眼下短语at present at the present time目前for the present 暂时make a present of sth. to sb. make sb. a present of sth. 向某人赠送某物be present at 出席；参加present sb. with sth. present sth. to sb. 向某人捐赠某物辨析 gift / present gift 一般指贵重礼物或捐赠之物，也可指“天赋”，可以是具体的也可指抽象的。构成短语： have a gift for sth.表示“有哪方面的天赋”。 present 往往指具体的，亲戚朋友间所送之物。 The foundation made a gift of a million dollars to the university. Each child brought a present to the teacher on Teachers Day. 根据语境猜语义 Ill (1) present all the students (2) present with my works as (3) presents for the graduating ceremony. 根据语境用gift/present填空 Having a (4) _for music, he received a piano as his birthday (5) _. (1) 赠予(2)出席(3)礼物(4) gift (5)gift根据语境猜词义(1)A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station. (2)The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up. (3)Your question came up at the meeting. 根据语义找匹配走近，走向前去B. 升起C. 提出(1) A(2) B(3) C链接come along 到达，一起来，过来；进步come about 发生come across 邂逅；偶遇come at 攻击，向扑来come from 出身于come out 出版；开花come over过来，克服come to 达到；苏醒；谈到come after 跟在后面 come down 下来，败落，降价 come on 加油，跟我来，进行，进展 come in 进来come true 实现come up with (针对问题等)提出，想出，提供用come相关的短语填空 The other day when I was walking in the street, I (1) _Wang Lei, an old friend of mine. She told me a story of her brothers. He once saw a dog (2)_ a boy, which made the boy die of a disease related to a dog disease. At that time, he (3) _the idea to learn medicine and find a cure for the disease. In the next 10 years, he(4)_ a lot of difficulties and his dream finally (5)_. Last month, his experiment for the drug(6)_very successful and it was come up(1)came across(2)come at(3)came up with(4)came over (5) came true(6)came out(7)come topredicted that the number of people who can benefit from his research will(7)_1,000,000 a year. such(1)such的位置 There is no such thing as a free lunch. 世上没有免费午餐之类的好事儿。 There are three such mistakes in your composition. 你的作文中有三个这样的错误。 such与 all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one 等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。温馨提示 在“no such 单数可数名词”这一结构中，千万别受汉语的影响而多加不定冠词或one，例如： 我们班没有这样的一个学生。 There is no such a student in our class. () There is no such one student in our class. () There is no such student in our class. () 注意many 与such的问题： 英语中不存在“such many可数名词复数”或“such much不可数名词”结构，但存在a so many 可数名词复数”或“so much不可数名词” 以及“many such 可数名词复数”，例如： many students 这么多的学生 so much water 这么多的水 many such students 许多这样的学生 (2)“such 名词 that”与“such 名词as或其他”。试填下空： It was such an attractive school_ we visited years ago. It was such an attractive school_ we visited it years ago. It is such an attractive school_ we worked years ago. A. that B. as C. which D. where这类的考题，实际上考查的是定语从句与结果状语从句的区别问题。我们不妨使用“代入法”，看看能否把空格前的名词代入到从句中，能代入作从句的主语或宾语的，就是定语从句，再根据定语从句先行词受such修饰用关系代词as原则，选as；当空格前的名词不能直接代入，但把它放在从句中加恰当的介词后，语句成立，表时间就用when；不表时间，就用where。当空格前的名词不能代入到从句中时，就是结果状语从句，选that。句我们可以把such an attractive school代入到从句作visited的宾语，所以答案是B; 句我们不能把such an attractive school代入到从句中，所以是结果状语从句，因此答案是A; 句我们可以在such an attractive school前加介词in代入到从句中作地点状语，是定语从句，所以答案是D。 (3) 倒装问题 Such is Such is Shen Hao, a diligent, warmhearted and selfless man. 这就是沈浩，一个勤奋，热心而又大公无私的人。温馨提示 这一句式主要用于描述人的文章的句尾处，使文章简洁明了，不拖泥带水而又对文章起到画龙点睛之效。 “such 名词 助动词谓语 that”的结果状语从句Such loud noises did they make that they were heard out in the street. 辨析such as/for example/that is such as 意为“例如，诸如之类的”，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个。放在被列举的事物前面或名词之间，as之后切不可有逗号。 For example 举例说明，列举同类人或事物中的“一个”。 在句中的位置较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句尾， 也可以使用for instance或e.g.替代。In general, boys like football very much. Tom, for example, is a football fan. that is如果要把同类人或事物全部列举出来，用that is，namely或i.e.。 A lot of things can be recycled, such as waste paper, waste plastic bags, and old batteries. 温馨提示 区别上述三个短语的关键是： 1)判断是列举部分还是列举全部事例； 2)在句中的位置； 3) 举例说明还是列举。用such as, for example, that is填空(1) Some students, _ John, lives in the neighborhood. (2) Many great men _ Lincoln and Edison have risen from poverty. (3) I visited several cities _ New York, Chicago and Boston. (4) He knows three foreign languages, _ English, French and Japanese. (5) _， the same number of steel workers produced 53 percent more steel in 1925 than they did in 1914. (1) for example (2) such as(3) such as(4) that is/namely(5)For example recognize vt.根据语境猜词义(1) I recognized him as soon as he came in the room. (2) Can you recognize this tune? (3) They recognized they need to take the problem seriously. (4) He is recognized as the best teacher because of his broad knowledge. 根据语义找匹配A. 公认为B. 认出C. 听出D. 承认(1)B(2)C(3)D(4)A链接recognizable adj. 可辨认出的 recognition n. 认出；辨认；认可短语recognize sb. / sth. by/ from根据认出某人recognize sb. as / to be 认为是beyond / out of ones all recognition 完全认不出；面目全非句型Its recognized that人们公认为 辨析recognize/know recognize 强调通过对记忆的搜索而认出；辨认出(某人的声音、字迹、方位等)；承认。是一时的动作，因此是非延续动词。 know 强调持续的状态，是延续性动词，表示“认识；知道；了解”。 I had known her well, but I couldnt recognized her at once because she had changed that much. 完成句子(1) The moment I picked up the phone, I_ (听出来他是谁)(2) He has changed so much that I _ (几乎认不出来他了)(3) _(人们一直认为) that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. (1) recognized him(2) can hardly recognize him(3) It is recognized Hello, can you recognize me? Sorry, I cant see you at all. How can I know who you are? 在这个对话中，他们之间为什么会产生这一误会呢？他们误会的根源在于：对方误解了recognize是“认出”，而实际上，这是打电话的一个情景，对方的recognize 的意思是“听出我是谁”的意思。原来英语中还有小品啊！ even if / even though把下列句子翻译成汉语(1) Even if we can go out for a play, we wont do. (2) Even if it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will still not be able to go. (1)即使我们能出去玩，我们也不想去。(2)即便明天不下雨，我们还是不能去。根据例题你体会出even if / though的语义了吗？你发现主从复合句中的时态问题了吗？_根据例题，even if / though是“即使；即便”的意思，引导让步状语从句。当从句的动作发生在将来时，从句应该使用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 even if / even though链接(1)even if 与even though二者可以互换，但even if 更强调假定性。Even if/ though we could afford it，we wouldnt go abroad for our vacation. (2) even if 与as if /though Even if you take a taxi, you will still miss your flight. 即使你搭出租车你还是赶不上你的航班的。 He talks as if he had known everything in the world. 他说起话来好像他已知世界的一切。 通过对比我们不难发现他们的语义是不同的， even if是“即使；即便”的意思，而as if/though是“好像”的意思。 (3) even if 与 even as He realized, even as he spoke, that no one would ever believe him. 就在他讲话时，他意识到根本没有人会相信他。 even as中的even是用来加强as的语气的，表示“正当的时候；恰好在的时候”。 even now 尽管这样；即使现在 even then尽管那样；即使那时 even so 尽管如此单项填空()(1) Im determined to get a seat for the concert _it means standing in a queue all night. A. as though B. even if C. in case D. so thatB考查连词辨析。句意“我决心得到一张音乐会的座位票，即使意味着整夜排队。”()(2)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _ they knew it to be valuable. A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that C连接词引导状语从句的用法。本题的语义是：即使他们知道他的建议十分有价值，他们中的许多人仍对它置若罔闻。as if 好像；now that 既然；so that 为了，以便； 以至于；even though even if表示让步，所以答案是C。 more than根据语境猜词义(1) There are more than 100 students in our class. (2) Im more than pleased with you. (3) He is more than our teacher. He is our closed friend. (4) The book is more than you can read. 根据语义找匹配不只是；不单单是B. 超过；多于C. 十分地D. 超出的范围(1) B(2) C(3) A(4) D数词超过名词不只是；不单是形容词十分地句子超出的范围(1)more than(2) more than over 超过 less than少于 no more than only 仅仅 not more than 不超过链接 more than不只是只不过是；就是(3) more than no more than(4)rather than 而不是 other than 除了 名词 more than(5)more A than B 与其说是B，倒不如说是A; 是A，不是B He is so easygoing and warmhearted. He is more our brother than a teacher. 他是那样的随和和热心。与其说他是我们的老师，倒不如说是我们的兄弟。 more than单项填空()(1)In that case, there is nothing you can do _ wait. A. more than B. other than C. better than D. rather than more than( )(2)“Life begins at forty” is more often an expression of hope _ a state of fact. A. instead of B. than C. rather than D. other than()(3)The Natos bombing the Chinese Embassy in Yugoslavia is _ a mistake, its a big crime. A. more than B. no more thanC. not more than D. less than more than()(4)We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style _ in a personal one. A. rather than B. better than C. more than D. less than()(5)The population of many Alaskan cities has _ doubled in the past five years. A. larger than B. more than C. as great as D. as many as more than(1)B(2)B(3)A(4)A(5)B more than“因为，由于”各短语辨析辨析 because of/because/thanks to/due to/ owing to/as a result of/on account of because of 后是名词