2015中考英语复习8人称代词+不定代词+翻译英译汉+翻译汉译英2015中考英语专项复习翻译 英译汉.doc

中考复习英译汉专项练习一、翻译翻译划线句子 （共5小题，每小题2分）1It was a cold winter evening. An old man had done his work and was going home from the fields. 2On his way he saw something on the ground. He looked at it and found it was a snake(蛇). It was not dead, but it couldnt move because it was so cold.“Poor thing,” the man said, “3I must try to save your life.” He picked it up and looked for a warm place to put it in. 4But how could he find one in such cold weather? So he decided to put the snake inside his clothes, right next to his heart.A few minutes later, the snake came back to life and began to move. When it had become strong enough, it gave the man a deadly bite(咬). He killed it and went on. When he got back, he was very ill and had to lie down. 5He knew he was dying.将短文中划线部分的句子译成中文（共4分，每小题2分）6Friendship is one of the greatest pleasures that people can enjoy . A true friend does indeed find pleasure in our joy and share pity in our sadness . He or she is always at our side to give us his or her help .Knowing how important friendship is ,【小题2】we should be very careful in our choosing of a friend . We must choose someone who has a good character , who does everything good and who shows kindness of heart . We should avoid (避免) those people who are easily changed .阅读下面短文，将短文中划线部分的句子翻译成中文，并将其答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。Not only men, but also women and young people have stress. The most important reasons for stress are : death, diseases, exams, making money, getting married, moving houses, changing jobs, ending friendship and so on.7Stress is everywhere in our everyday life.How should we relax ourselves? Doctors now say that there are easier wayspeople should laugh and smile more often.8When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. They also say that people, especially men, should cry more often, because it is the natural way of relaxing themselves. 9Doing relaxing exercise, talking with friends and listening to light music are all usual ways of relaxing ourselves .阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文。将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上。（共6分，每小题2分） 10In 1938, a radio program by actor Orson Welles announced that aliens from Mars had landed on the earth. He described where they had landed and told how they were moving across the United States. Welles was so convincing that hundreds of people believed the story,and panic set off across the whole country. By the time the authorities revealed that the story was a hoax, thousands of people had fled from their homes. One April Fools Day, a reporter in England announced that there would be no more spaghetti because the spaghetti. Many people ran to their local supermarket to buy as much spaghetti local supermarket to buy as much spaghetti as they could. 11By the time people realized that the story was a hoax, all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out.A famous TV star once invited his girlfriend onto his show on April Fools Day. He asked her to mary him. She was thrilled, because she really wanted to get married. 12 However, when she said yes, he replied, April Fool! That little joke didnt have a very happy ending. The TV star lost both his girlfriend and his show.阅读短文，将其中划线部分的句子译成中文。Yo-Yo Ma was born in Paris in 1955.He is Chinese but has never lived in China .He began to learn to play the cello (大提琴),when he was four years old .He became a cellist when he was 21 years old .He won 15 Grammy Awards altogether .He is one of the most famous cellists in the world now .54.In New York ,people named a street after him . In 1998 ,he started the “Silk Road Progect ”55.He wanted to take a trip along the old road and make new music.13_.14_.英译汉。（2分，每题一分）15His music made him famous all over the world. _.16 The girl who lost her legs for saving her students life is called” the most beautiful woman Teacher.” _.阅读下面短文，将文中划线句子译成中文。Some kids in boarding school often like to talk with their roommates. 17They wont stop talking until someone comes to stop them. This is the reason why many of them are sleepy in class the next day. Lack of (缺乏) sleep is bad for their health. Growth hormones (生长激素) are very important if one is to grow taller. 18The body makes the most hormones between 10 p.m. and 2 a.m. While you are asleep. 19This means that if you dont get to sleep at the time, you wont grow taller.20阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文How Much Water Is Needed a Day?Many people think they should drink eight glasses of water a dayWhy? Because that is what they have been told all their lifeBut a new report on science gives some different suggestions：people should drink according to their bodies112They should drink as much water as they would like to drinkThe report says most people meet their daily needs for water by letting thirst be their guideIt also gives people some good suggestions：women should get about 2.7 liters（升）of water every day，while men should get about 3.7 litersThere is an important difference113The report doesnt tell people how many glasses of water to drinkInstead，the experts say it may not be possible to know how many glasses people really needThis is because the daily want of water can include the water in foods句子翻译。阅读下面的短文，把下面划线部分的句子翻译成中文。（共5小题，计5分）You probably think you will never be a top student. In fact, you can become a better student if you want to. You maybe say, 21“It takes me lots of time to study, but I dont still make progress.” But if you can use your time well, you may improve your study without much work. There are a few ways here to help you with your study.22 Plan your time carefully. You should make a list of things that you have to do during a week. First, you should write down the time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then you should use the time that you can study. 23Of course, studying shouldnt take all of your time. Dont forget to leave enough time for hobbies yourself.Find a good place to study. Keep this place , which may be a desk or just a corner of your room. No games, radio, or television! When you sit down to work, think only about the subject!Make good use of your time in class. 24Listen to what the teacher says carefully. Careful listening in class means less work later. You also need to take notes in class, because it can make it easier for you to learn well.25 Can you give any other ways to study?阅读短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语。(共5小题，每小题2分)26 I_started this QQ group named BQ ( Baoqing) English Club two months ago. It has 30 members now. It is an English chatting place. Now we need some more mends who are interested in chatting m English.27 Please remember the rules for our group members. Everyone in our group must speak in English with each other. 28 Dont keep silent for 10 days. We need friends in the same city. It is convenient for us to enjoy parties Chatting in English doesnt mean we pay more attention to English. To my mind, 29Chinese is my first language and its the most important. Dont send advertisements or any pictures here.30 If you dont follow the rules above, we will ask you to leave.根据下面短文，将短文中划线部分的句子译成中文 According to American food writer Michael Pollan , the best-tasting , freshest food you can eat is from the garden . 31He just published a new book about healthy eating for kids . The book tells where our food comes from and how kids can eat healthily . Here are some of his suggestions : A: Try not to eat anything your grandmother wouldnt recognize as food . B: Try to eat packaged(包装) food with more than five ingredients . C: Try to stay away from foods and drinks that contain a sweetener called high fructose corn syrup(果葡萄浆) . It makes you fat easily . D: Try to eat more fresh foods . A food made to last forever is usually full of chemicals .Food should be alive , and that means it should be with Read Labels(标签). 32Pay attention to where your food comes from and how it was grown .阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文，并将其答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。We are all busy talking about and using the Internet. But how many of us know the history of the Internet? At first the Internet was only used by the government . 112. But in the early 1970s , universities, hospitals and banks are allowed to use it , too . However, computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. By the start of the 1990s, computers became cheaper and easier to use. Scientists had also developed software that made “surfing” the Internet more convenient. 113Today it is easy to use the Internet and sending e-mail is more and more popular among students. The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of peoples life. 33_34_阅读短文，将文中划线部分翻译成中文。 Books are out best friends. They give us both knowledge and pleasure. With books, our life is interesting.35Books are so great friends of ours that we can turn to them for help whenever we meet with difficulty. However, we should make use of books. As there are bond of different kinds, we should read them in different ways.36In my opinion, some books are to be read carefully and we must think over and learn something from them. Some should be just looked through. There are a few books that we should never read, for they are not good for us.37The most important thing that we must try to put what we learn from books to practice.参考答案1这是一个寒冷的冬季傍晚。2在路上，他看见地上有些东西。3我必须努力救你的命。4但是他怎么能在如此冷的天气找到（一个暖和的地方）呢？5他知道自己快要死了。【解析】试题分析：这是一个寒冷的冬夜。一位老人做完农活，并从田里回家。在他的途中，他看到地面上有条即将冻死的蛇。那人说，“我必须设法挽救你的生命。”于是，他决定把蛇在他的衣服，他的心脏旁边。几分钟后，蛇醒来，给他致命的一口。这个老人杀死了毒蛇。但他也死了。1理解翻译题，根据文中语句“It was a cold winter evening”理解可知。此句的含义是这是个寒冷的晚上。2理解翻译题，根据文中语句“On his way he saw something on the ground”理解可知。此句的含义是在路上他看到在地上有个东西。3理解翻译题，根据文中语句“I must try to save your life.”理解可知。此句的含义是我必须要拯救他的命。4理解翻译题，根据文中语句“But how could he find one in such cold weather?”理解可知。此句的含义是怎样在这样的寒冷的天气里找到暖和的地方。5理解翻译题，根据文中语句“He knew he was dying.”理解可知。此句的含义是他知道他要死了。考点：英译汉点评：对于英译汉的试题正确的做法是先弄清句子的结构，然后结合上下文重新安排汉语的表达顺序。作为考试解题，建议可以直译的就直译，只要把词序调整一下，保证通顺，不致引起误解就好。如果不能直译，可凭借各种翻译技巧，在不偏离原文意思的前提下，对句子的结构作一些变动。6友谊是人们能够享受的最大的快乐之一。【小题2】在我们选择朋友时要很小心。【解析】试题分析：6当句子中的定语从句内容比较简短时，可用作定语，放在被修饰词前面。短语one of之一。【小题2】翻译中注意改变语序，以适应汉语表达习惯。考点：英译汉点评：对于中国学生来说，英译汉相对于汉译英来说简单些，因为只要有一些基础的短语，句式知识，能读懂句子中的大部分单词，基本上就能写出符合句意的中文。对于一些较长句子的翻译，要掌握一定的翻译技巧，可以先区分句子成分，分步翻译，最后在整合成完整的一句话。翻译时，在不影响原意的前提下，可以适当改变语序，使之符合汉语表达习惯。7压力在我们日常生活中无处不在。/我们日常生活中处处充满压力。8当你笑的时候，你的身体也得到放松9做令人放松的运动、和朋友交谈、听轻音乐都是常见的减压方式/放松自己的方式。【解析】试题分析：这篇短文主要谈到了人们生活中的压力问题7略8略9略考点：英译汉点评：对于中国学生来说，英译汉相对于汉译英来说简单些，因为只要有一些基础的短语，句式知识，能读懂句子中的大部分单词，基本上就能写出符合句意的中文。对于一些较长句子的翻译，要掌握一定的翻译技巧，可以先区分句子成分，分步翻译，最后在整合成完整的一句话。翻译时，在不影响原意的前提下，可以适当改变语序，使之符合汉语表达习惯。101938年，由演员奥森.威尔主持的广播节目宣布说来自火星上的外星人已经在地球上着陆了。11等人们意识到这是个骗局时，全国的意大利面条已经被抢购一 空了。12然而，当她答应他的求婚时，他却回答“愚人傻瓜”！【解析】试题分析：10本题主要考查宾语从句的翻译，特备注意介词短语作定语的翻译，by在本句中表示“由主持”的含义，可以改变语序以适应中文语言习惯。11本句语法关系较为复杂，可以前确认句子的主要成分在进行翻译。By the time people realized that the story was a hoax,为时间状语，all of the spaghetti across the country为主语，had been sold out.是谓语部分。12翻译时注意汉语表达习惯，切记不要词对词翻译，符合原意即可。考点：英译汉点评：对于中国学生来说，英译汉相对于汉译英来说简单些，因为只要有一些基础的短语，句式知识，能读懂句子中的大部分单词，基本上就能写出符合句意的中文。对于一些较长句子的翻译，要掌握一定的翻译技巧，可以先区分句子成分，分步翻译，最后在整合成完整的一句话。翻译时，在不影响原意的前提下，可以适当改变语序，使之符合汉语表达习惯。13在纽约，人们用他的名字命名了一条街道14他想沿着这条古老的道路去旅行，并且谱写出新的音乐。【解析】试题分析:13考察短语named after 以命名14句中短语take a trip去旅行，along沿着考点：英译汉点评：这类题首先理解单词含义，找出句子的主谓宾语。然后翻译成符合汉语习惯的一句话。注意不要死搬硬套，在忠实于原意的前提下，可以适当改变句子结构，改变表述顺寻。15他的音乐使他举世闻名。16那位为救学生生命而失去双腿的女孩被称为“最美女教师。”【解析】试题分析：15考查短语make sb/sth adj让某人/物怎么样，all over the world全世界16考查定语从句和被动语态。注意定语从句的翻译技巧和被动语态的翻译。注意是表达符合汉语习惯。考点：英译汉点评：对于中国学生来说，英译汉相对于汉译英来说简单些，因为只要有一些基础的短语，句式知识，能读懂句子中的大部分单词，基本上就能写出符合句意的中文。对于一些较长句子的翻译，要掌握一定的翻译技巧，注意英语与汉语在表达同一个意思时，语序的不同。翻译时，在不影响原意的前提下，可以适当改变语序，使之符合汉语表达习惯。17他们不会停止说话直到有人来阻止他们。18晚上10点到凌晨2点你睡觉的时候，人体分泌出最多的生长激素。19这意味着如果你不及时睡觉，你就不会长得更高。【解析】17notuntil表示直到才的含义，stop doing sth表示停止做某事的含义，stop也可以作为阻止的含义，故本句可翻译为他们不会停止说话直到有人来阻止他们。18betweenand表示在和两者之间的含义，make可以作为制造的含义，the most hormones表示最多生长激素的含义，故本句可翻译为晚上10点到凌晨2点你睡觉的时候，人体分泌出最多的生长激素。19mean可以表示意味着的含义，if表示条件，意思为如果，get to sleep表示入睡的含义，grow taller表示长得更高的含义，故本句可翻译为这意味着如果你不及时睡觉，你就不会长得更高。20【小题1】他们应该想喝多少水，就喝多少水。【小题2】报告没有告诉人们喝多少杯水。【解析】【小题1】考查同级比较：as much water as和一样多的水，they would like to drink他们想喝多少水【小题2】考查how many glasses of water+不定式做宾语，喝多少水21我花费了很多时间来学习，但仍旧没有取得进步。22精心计划好你的时间。23当然，学习不能花费你所有的时间。24仔细听老师所讲的。25你能给出其他学习的方法吗？【解析】21it takes sb+时间+to do sth表示花费某人多长时间做某事，make progress表示取得进步的含义，故本句可翻译为我花费了很多时间来学习，但仍旧没有取得进步。22plan表示计划的含义，修饰动词使用副词精心地carefully，故本句可翻译为精心计划好你的时间。23of course表示当然的含义，shouldnt表示不应该的含义all of表示中所有的含义，故本句可翻译为当然，学习不能花费你所有的时间。24listen to sth表示听某事，仔细地carefully修饰动词，故本句可翻译为仔细听老师所讲的。25本句为一般疑问句，意思为你能吗？give sth表示给某物的含义，故本句可翻译为你能给出其他学习的方法吗？26 两个月之前我开办了这个QQ群，叫做BQ（宝庆）英语俱乐部。27 请记