英语专业考研真题集锦.docVIP

2011年北外英语翻译硕士汉语百科与写作考研真题2011年北京外国语大学英语翻译硕士汉语百科与写作考研真题是根据网友提供的资料整理而来，难免不全之处，仅供参考。 一、名词解释 25*2分 旧红学 诗经六艺 造字六书 京剧四大花旦 民间四大传说 APEC 两房证券 辛亥革命 岁寒三友 英国荒诞派 世界三大热带雨林 浮士德 3D电影 三言二拍 南洪北孔 文艺复兴三杰 中医四诊 七大方言区 8大菜系 唐代书法的大小欧阳 五音 古印度两大史诗 西方四大通讯社 二、应用文写作 40分 北京日报社为了提高青年记者水平，拟选派10名记者于北京外国语大学英语学院进行脱产学习，时间从2011年3月至2012年2月。请以北京日报社人事处的名义向北京外国语大学教务处发函，希望取得同意。 要求： 按函的公文格式写作，400字以内，其它需要的信息可自行补充。 三、大作文 60分 韬略思想博大精深，源远流长。在战国中期，有很多韬略代表人物，韬略的事例也很丰富。（介绍了韬略学说与思想在中国的影响和地位，但并未提及韬略思想的内涵） 以论韬略为题，写一篇议论文，阐述自己对韬略的见解和认识，不少于800字。2011年南京师大外国语言文学基础与汉语写作考研真题2011年南京师范大学外国语言文学基础与汉语写作考研真题是根据网友提供的资料整理而来，难免不全之处，仅供参考。 名词解释： 1、语义特征 2、述事话语 3、成分分析法 问题回答： 1、画出语义三角并说明意义和指称的关系 2、阐述韩礼德的语域理论 3、简述二语习得中产生的个体差异以及在教学中的应用 4、克拉什的输入假设并评价 汉语写作：根深与叶茂 1000字左右2011年北京语言大学英语语言文学综合考研真题2011年北京语言大学英语语言文学综合考研真题是根据网友提供的资料整理而来，难免不全之处，仅供参考。 二外日语 1.汉字写假名 发音，学生，先生，花见之类超简单基础20*0.5 2.假名写汉字 一个句子里写两三个假名，京都，红叶，子供，仕事，休憩时间之类也好简单基础。20*0.5 3.外来语翻译 超市，滑雪，日历太基础了10*1 4.在句子中填助词 都很基础常见10*1 5.选择20*1 基础语法 6.翻译句子，汉译日，都是简单句：10*2 星期六下午去看音乐会吗？ 森先生明天搬家吗？ 7.一段日语译成汉语。很简单。每句1分，10分 8.两篇阅读，这才是难点，不过也能做出来。 第一篇关于如何有效利用时间，7个7分。 第二篇几篇日记，3个3分。 基础英语 1.单项选择，大多是选单词，短语搭配，基础。10*1 2.六篇阅读理解 25*2. 阅读文章很基础，好读懂，但选题并不容易，选项需要仔细分析辨明。 3.汉译英 30 关于利玛窦的。只记得一点点。他是意大利著名传教士。译著论交友。用文言文收集，编译了一百句格言。犹豫了下的词语就是传教士还是传道士，格言，还有文言文。 4.英译汉 30 开头是 knowledge is power. power for evil， for good.主要讲人们应该讲科技知识应用于全人类的福祉。 难点的词有，enmity， annihilate 5.作文300350词 30 shall the rich share their wealth with the poor？大概是这个主题。 英美文学 一 选择 10*1 1.utopia Thomas More 2.有关于TS Eliot的文学理论，我选的是objective corelation 3.18C 既有小说实践又有小说理论，选几个小说家，选项有 henry fielding， samuel johnson， defoe， swift，sheridan，oliva goldsmith每三个人一个选项 4.选谁是a writers writer，启发了海明威，我选的sherwood anderson，还有Gertrude stein 5.Mark Twain 的贡献Local colorism 6.Fitzgerald的jazz age 7.wordsworths monumental work： lyrical ballads 8.king james Bible 二 填空 15*2 1空1分 1.大学才子派突出人物christopher marlowe ，突出作品Dr Faustus 2.metaphysical school得名的由来是John dryden 评价 John donne的诗歌。 3.critical realistic时期三个不同阶段代表人物Dickens， 填 Thackeray，Thomas Hardy 4.英国作家，谁生活在20C早期，劳伦斯吧，认为the most sacred thing is love between man and woman，the expression of individuality是什么 5.Walter Scott作品主要是historical novels 主要作品Ivanhoe 6.Samuel Beckett， waiting for Godot， the theater of absurd 7.Dos Passos的USA trilogy 8.calvinism三项教义，original sin ，total depravity 填第三个，应该是赎罪什么的redemption 9.Ezra Pound， the Imagist movement， 他的The cantos发源于中国的孔子儒学 10.American sociological writer难道是Sinclair Lewis？与William Dean Howells 类比的一个作家，同样都deal with 什么 11.Eugene Oneill的自传体戏剧Long Days journey into night 12.有关于女诗人Elizabeth Bishop.没复习到，在常老师的美国文学史里找着了：she was a （Postmodernist） both in he acceptance of life for what it is and in her openness in theme and form. one basic feature of her poetry lies in its at once material portrayal of life and （immaterial） suggesyion about it. 13.关于John Barth，也不会。postmodernist ， metafictional fiction. 14.william faulkner的作品root in the American south，主要写aristocratic family的发展 三 名词解释6*5 heroic couplet new criticism English romantic poetry American naturalism The Aestheitic movement black humor 四 看选段识别作者，作品，并用自己的话解释划线部分 10*4 1.Emily Dickinsons Success is counted sweetest By those who neer succeed. To comprehend a nectar Requires sorest need. 2.Its a truth that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. Pride and prejudice 3.Hamlet Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune，Or to take arms against a sea of troubles，And by opposing end them？ To die： to sleep； 4.Ode To A Nightingale by John Keats O for a draught of vintage！ that hath been Coold a long age in the deep-delved earth Tasting of Flora and the country green Dance and Provencal song and sunburnt mirth！ O for a beaker full of the warm South Full of the true the blushful Hippocrene With beaded bubbles winking at the brim And purple-stained mouth That I might drink and leave the world unseen And with thee fade away into the forest dim 5.Just then the stern line came taut under his foot， where he had kept a loop of the line， and he dropped his oars and felt tile weight of the small tunas shivering pull as he held the line firm and commenced to haul it in.老人与海 6.苔丝的最后一句，解释the President of Immortals 7.Reading makes a full man， conference a ready man； and writing an exact man. Francis bacon Of Studies 8.I have been assured by a very knowing American of my acquaintance in London， that a young healthy child well nursed is at a year old a most delicious， nourishing， and wholesome food， whether stewed， roasted， baked， or boiled. A modest proposal 9.For oft， when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood，They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude；And then my heart with pleasure fills And dances with the daffodils. I wandered lonely as a cloudWilliam Wordsworth 10.有个选段最后一句是and at the instant he knew， he ceased to know要解释interminable stairways 五 essay writing 每个200300词2*20 第一个关于Wordsworth在lyrical ballads中说诗的目的对象来自common life.结合他的作品评析一下。 第二个关于艾默生的超验主义，说self reliance. intuition is the essence of genius， life .问你是否同意这个观点。南 京 财 经 大 学2008年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试（初试）试卷考试科目： 613 基础英语 适用专业： 英语语言文学 考试时间： 2008年1月 20上午8：3011:30 注意事项：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷或草稿纸上无效。I. Paraphrase the underlined part of the following sentences. (10 points) 1. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. 2. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, and above them won by observation. 3. Unless the man exploit others, he has to work in order to live. Howerver simple and primitive his production may be, he has risen above the animal kindom; rightly has he been defined as “animal that produces”.4. Education makes a people easy to lead, but difficult to drive; easy to govern, but impossible to enslave.5. Even philosophy divorced from theology and from the knowledge of life and ascertainable facts, is but a famishing pabulum, or a draught stimulating for a moment, leaving behind drought and disillusion.II. Vocabulary and General Knowledge. (20 points)1. It was found the diet of older people is often _in vitamins.A. shot B. inadequate C. deficient D. failing2. Your story about the frog turning into a prince is _ nonsense. A. sheer B. shear C. shield D. sheet3. I understand _preparation that staff must put in under pressure to meet the deadline.A. more than the enormous amount of B. better than most the enormous number of C. better than most the enormous amount of D. fewer than the number of4. From the available data it may fairly be _ that the writer flourished in the 15th century.A. presupposed B. presumed C. assumed D. supposed5. I _ to one daily newspaper and one weekly magazine.A. prescribe B. subscribe C. decretive D. transcribe6. Her enthusiasm, and her violent likes and dislikes, _ herself in all the everyday occupations of life. A. inserted D. counseled C. asserted D. discerned7. Communication satellites contain special instruments which can pass on or _ radio and television programs or telephone messages from one station to another.A. relay B set C return D. emit8. One of the attractive features of the course was the way the practical work had been _ with the theoretical aspects of the subject.A. alternated B. integrated C. adjusted D. embraced9. It is hoped that the prisoner will be released through the _ of the president himself.A. convention B. prevention C. intervention D. interference10. They began constructing the bridge in 1960, but several years _ before the project was completed.A. elapsed B. advanced C. proceeded D. compromise11. James Boswell is famous for his biography of _.A. General PaoliB. Samuel JohnsonC. Lord ChesterfieldD. Bertrand Russell12. Which one of the following books is not written by Jane Austen?A. Pride and PrejudiceB. PersuasionC. EmmaD. Mrs. Dalloway13. Sigmund Freud is a _.A. neuropsychologistB. writerC. biologistD. anthropologist14. Who wins Nobel Prize Laureate for literature among the following people?A. Johannes Kepler B. Enric FermiC. Samuel Beckett D. Sigmund Freud15. The author of The Adventure of Tom Sawyer is _.A. Henry James B. Mark Twain C. Thomas Carlyle D. C. S. Lewis16. Which one of the following events was not a part of civil rights movement in 1960s?A. anti-terrorist B. womens liberation movementC. the drug cultureD. the Vietnam War17. Jean-Paul Sartre is the foremost exponent of _.A. modernism B. postmodernism C. intuitionism D. existentialism18. The Greening of America is written by _.A. Thorstein VeblenB. Charles ReichC. Joseph BrodskyD. Saul Bellow19. Eskimos call their houses as _.A. tepees B. igloos C. huts D. cottages20. The author of The Scarlet Letter is _.A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Kenneth ClarkC. Herman MelvilleD. Ernest HemingwayIII. Error Correction. (10 points)1. Massachusetts was first explored in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, and the A B Dfirst permanent settlement at Plymouth in 1620.D2. Composer Richard Rodgers and lyricist Oscar Hammerstein II brought to the musical AOklahoma! extensive musical and theatrical background as well as familiar with the B C traditional forms of operetta and musical comedy.D3. Harvesting of grain is affected by annual changes in temperature or the amount of moisture, A B C but both.D4. A patent gives inventors exclusive rights to their inventions for a fix period of time. A B C D5. The economy of Litue Rock, Arkansas, is basing primarily on manufacturing, wholesale and A B retail trade and government functions. C D6. How many people realize that Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings The Yearling is a minor literary A Bclassic and an important contribute to regional literature? C D7. Dams vary in size from small rock barriers to concrete structures many feet height. A B C D 8. Scientists estimate that as many as two hundred millions visible meteors enter the Earths A B C atmosphere every day. D9. In the early twentieth century, there was considerable interesting among sociologists in the A fact that in the United States the family was losing its traditional roles. B C D 10. Government money appropriated for art in the 1930s made possible hundreds of murals and A B statues still admiration in small towns all over the United States. C D IV. Reading Comprehension (40 points) TEXT AA few common misconception. Beauty is only skin-deep. Ones physical assets and liabilities dont count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not-so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment Works something like this. They give each member of a group college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel mangers a piece of paper relating an individuals accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good. In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains. In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire (追求) to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.1. According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as a manager _. A. a persons property or debts do not matter much B. a persons outward appearance is not a critical qualification C. women should always dress fashionably D. women should not only be attractive but also high-minded2. The result of research carried out by social scientists show that _. A. people do not realize the importance of looking ones bestB. women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid well C. good looking women aspire to managerial positions D. attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not3. Experiments by scientists have shown that when people evaluate individuals on certain attributes _. A. they observe the principle that beauty is only skin-deep B. they do not usually act according to the views they support C. they give ordinary-looking persons the lowest ratings D. they tend to base their judgment on the individuals accomplishments4. It can be inferred from the passage that in the business world _.A. handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women areB. physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite wellC. physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along quite wellD. good looks are important for women as they are for menTEXT BTo emphasize the stagnation and the narrowness of the society depicted in Jane Austins novels is to take a narrow and mechanical view of them. Emma is not a period piece, nor is it what is sometimes called a comedy of manners. We read it to illuminate not only the past but also the present. And we must face here in both its crudity and its importance a question. Exactly what relevance and helpfulness does Emma have for us today? In what sense does a novel dealing skillfully and realistically with a society and its standards, which are dead and gone forever, have value in our very different world today? Stated in such terms, the question itself is unsatisfactory. If Emma today captures our imagination and engages our sympathies (as, in fact, it does), then either it has some genuine value for us, or else there is something wrong with the way we give our sympathy and our values are pretty useless.Put this way, it is clear that anyone who enjoys Emma and then remarks “but of course it has no relevance today” is, in fact, debasing the novel, looking at it not as a living, enjoyable work of art but as a mere dead picture of a past society. Such an attitude is fatal both to art and to life. It can be assumed that Emma has relevance. The helpful approach is to ask why this novel still has the power to move us today.What gives Emma its power to move us is the realism and depth of feeling behind Jane Austins attitudes. She examines with a scrupulous yet passionate and critical precision the actual problems of her world. That this world is narrow cannot be denied. But the value of a work of art rests on the depth and truth of the experience it communicates, and such qualities cannot be identified with the breadth of the works panorama(概要). A conversation between two people in a grocery store may tell us more about as world war than a volume of dispatches from the front. The silliest of all criticisms of Jan Austen is the one the blames her for not writing about the Battle of the Waterloo and French Revolution, which were in th4e headlines of the newspapers she read. She wrote about what she genuinely understood, and no artist can do more.5. The main idea of the passage is that _.A. a narrow view of Emma is natural and acceptableB. a novel should not depict a vanishe