Grammar选修六第二单元语法ppt课件.ppt

课标人教实验版高二Module6Unit2 1 SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气 2 1 英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气和虚拟语气 2 定义 用来表示说的话不是事实 或者是不可能发生的情况 而是一种愿望 建议 假设的语气叫虚拟语气 3 3 在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类 一类为真实条件句 一类为非真实条件句 非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况 故采用虚拟语气 4 1 真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气 假设的情况可能发生 其中if是如果的意思 5 2 非真实条件句 非真实条件句用语虚拟语气 假设的情况不可能发生 或者可能性很小 其中if是 要是 如果 的意思 即 要是 就好了 如果 就会 6 1 IfIhadenoughmoney Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld 2 IfIwereyou IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug 与现在事实相反 7 3 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadeamistake 4 Ifhehadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 与过去事实相反 8 5 Ifitshouldraintomorrow theywouldn tgoforanouting 6 Ithinkwecoulddoit ifweplaneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools 7 Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife 与将来事实相反 9 3 Themeaningofthesentenceofsubjunctivemood Ifhehadcomeyesterday Ishould wouldhavetoldhimaboutit 含义 Hedidnotcomeyesterday soIdidnottellhimaboutit 10 Ifhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses hewouldhavemadegreaterprogress 含义 Hewasillandmissedmanylessons sohedidnotmakegreaterprogress 11 V ed were haddone would could should might V 原 would could should might have p p 1 V ed 2 should V 原 3 weretodo would could should might V 原 一 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 12 二 虚拟语气特殊句型 1 wish的宾语从句 现在 过去时 were 过去 过去完成时未来 would could might V should 13 1 IwishIwereabird 现在 2 IwishIhadn tmadesuchamistake 过去 3 Wewishourparentswouldn tpunishus 将来 14 IwishIwereastallasyou 我希望和你一样高 Hewishedhehadn tsaidthat 他希望他没讲那样的话 Iwishitwouldraintomorrow 我希望明天下雨就好了 15 2 wishtodo表达法wishsb sth todo Iwishtoseethemanager Iwanttoseethemanager Iwishthemanagertobeinformedatonce Iwantthemanagertobeinformedatonce 16 2 wouldratherthat 现在 过去 未来 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow Iwouldratheryouhadgone too Don tcome Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 过去时 过去时 过去完成时 17 3 asif though Clause 现在 过去 过去时 过去完成时 Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson Itseemsthatitwerespring Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday 18 Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears Helooksasifheweredrunk 19 4 It s about high time that 过去时should V 你该走了 It shightimethatyouwent It shightimethatyouweregoing It shightimethatyoushouldgo 20 我们该去睡觉了 It stimethatwewenttobed It stimethatweshouldgotobed 21 5 表示要求 命令 建议的虚拟语气 宾语从句中常见动词 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求 即1 insist2 order command3 advise suggest propose4 demand require request desire 22 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 23 我们建议Tom去休息一下 WesuggestedthatTomhavearest 他坚决要求我到场 HeinsistedthatI should bepresent 24 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑 Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作 Theyrequestedthatwe should sendthemtoworkthere 25 Isuggestthatwe should holdameetingnextweek Heinsistedthathe should besentthere 注意 如suggest insist不表示 建议 或 坚持要某人做某事时 即它们用于其本意 暗示 表明 坚持认为 时 宾语从句用陈述语气 26 1 Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody obey therules 2 Heinsistedthatshe be seriouslyillandthat send tohospitalsatonce obey was besent 27 3 Hesuggestedthatwe have ameetingatonce 4 Hispalefacesuggestedthathe be ill have was 28 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句 表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气 从句中的动词形式一样 order advice suggestion proposal demand request desire 29 It ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown 30 6 without和butfor构成虚拟 butfor要不是Withoutsunlight people slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavefinishedthework Withoutyourhelp Iwouldhavefailed Butforwater itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert 31 7 Ifonly 要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice IfonlyIcouldseehimagain 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了 Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus 要是我没错过火车就好了 IfonlyIhadn tmissedthetrain 32 8 It snecessary strange natural important pity nowonder impossible that Clause从句中的动词要用虚拟 即 should 动词原形 Itisimportantthatwe should masteraforeignlanguage Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty It snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard 33 9 某些简单句的固定句型 Heavenhelphim Godblessyou Mayyousucceed LonglivethePeople sRepublicofChina 34 10 need 不必做 和 本不该做 didn tneedtodo表示 过去不必做某事 事实上也没做 needn thavedone表示 过去不必做某事 但事实上做了 35 约翰开车去车站接玛丽 所以她不必步行回家了 JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary soshedidn tneedtowalkbackhome 36 约翰开车去车站接玛丽 所以她本不必步行回家了 Mary步行回家 没有遇上John的车 JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary sosheneedn thavewalkedbackhome 37 Therewasplentyoftime She A mustn thavehurriedB couldn thavehurriedC mustnothurryD needn thavehurried 典型例题 38 答案D needn thavedone 意为 本不必 即已经做了某事 而实际上不必要 mustn thavedone用法不正确 对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn thavedone 不可能已经 mustnotdo不可以 用于一般现在时 39 三 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点 1 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致 叫做错综条件虚拟语气 主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定 40 Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher sadvice youwouldn tbeinthehospital 41 2 假设条件虚拟倒装 条件从句中有should were had三个助动词可以把if省略 并将这三个词提至句首 IfIwereyou Iwouldgiveitup WereIyou Iwouldgiveitup Ifitwerenotforyouradvice wecouldn thavegotoverthedifficulties Wereitnotforyouradvice wecouldn thavegotoverthedifficulties 42 IfIhadhadtime Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain HadIhadtime Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain Ifthereshouldbeaflood whatshouldwedo Shouldtherebeaflood whatshouldwedo 43 3 谓语动词以should havedone的形式出现的时候 表示过去应该做而没有做的事情 从而表示一种责备的语气 e g 1 Youshouldhavefinishedyourhomeworkyesterday 2 Youshouldhavecomeherefiveminutesearlier 3 Heshouldhavetoldmeaboutitearlier 44 注意 在虚拟语气的从句中 动词be的过去时态一律用were 不用was 即在从句中be用were代替 45 IfIwereyou Iwouldgotolookforhim 如果我是你 就会去找他 Ifhewerehere everythingwouldbeallright 如果他在这儿 一切都会好的 46 todothework Ishoulddoitsomeotherday A IfwereIB IwereC WereID WasI 典型例题 47 答案C 注意 在虚拟条件状语从句中 省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式 如我们可说WereInottodo 而不能说Weren tItodo 48 ExercisesI 1 You tothemeetingyesterday Whatwasthereasonforyourabsence A hadcomeB cameC wouldhavecomeD shouldhavecome2 HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum No butIreallywishI A hadB didC haveD will 49 3 Hereissomemoneyincaseyou it A needsB needC neededD willneed4 Hedemandedthattheclassroom atonce A shouldcleanB cleanC shouldhavebeencleanedD becleaned 50 5 Butforyourcarelessness we A shouldhavesucceededB hadsucceededC wouldhavesucceededD succeeded 51 6 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit A breaksB hasbrokenC werebrokenD hadbeenbroken7 Jane sfacesuggestedthatshe ill andherparentssuggestedthatshe amedicalexamination A be shouldhaveB was haveC shouldbe hadD was has 52 8 Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey friendsforyears A shouldbeB wouldbeC havebeenD hadbeen9 IwishI themeetinglastweek A couldattendB attendedC haveattendedD couldhaveattended 53 10 Mysuggestionisthatwe thesportsmet A wouldputoffB shouldputoffC puttedoffD beputoff11 Itisnecessarythatourdrinkingwater cleaner A shouldbemadeB ismadeC wouldbemadeD wasmade 54 12 Don tcomethisafternoon I dratheryou tomorrow A comeB tocomeC cameD willcome13 Theoldprofessorgaveordersthattheexperiment before6 A wasfinishedB willfinishC befinishedD shallbefinished 55 II 根据括号内的提示将下列句子补充完整 1 HadInotseenitwithmyowneyes